While用法小结_while的用法小结

其他工作总结 时间:2020-02-27 21:54:48 收藏本文下载本文
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While用法小结:

一、while 用作名词时,意为“一段时间,一会儿”。例如:

I stayed there for a short while.(我在那儿呆了一小会儿。)

The postman came a short while ago.(邮递员刚刚来过。)

二、while 用作连词时,有以下几种含义:

1.意为“当……时候,和……同时”,引导时间状语从句。例如:

While I was watching TV, the bell rang.(我看电视时,铃响了。)

Meimei watched TV while she ate her supper.(梅梅边吃晚饭边看电视。)

2.意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。例如:

While it was late, he went on working.(虽然很晚了,但他还在继续工作。)

While he is in poor health, he works hard.(虽然他身体不好,但他还是努力工作。)

3.引导条件状语从句 相当于as long as,译作“只要”。例如:

While there is life, there is hope.(有生命,就有希望。)

While a spark of life remains, it is a doctor's duty to save the patient.(只要病人还有一息生机,医生就有责任挽救。)

4.引导原因状语从句,相当于since,有“既然”的意思。例如:

You'll never save any money while you're so extravagant.(你这么奢侈,永远存不下钱来。)

I'd like to get it settled today while we're at it.(既然我们着手干了,我想今天就把它干完。)

5.连接两个并列句子,表示“对比”关系。例如:

He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home.(他出去散步了,而我却呆在家里。)

I like singing while she likes dancing.(我喜欢唱歌,而她喜欢跳舞。)

You like sports, while I prefer music.(你喜欢体育,而我更喜欢音乐。)

三、while 引导状语从句时,应注意以下几点:

1.while 引导的时间状语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而 while 引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以从意义上加以区分。例如:

While he was tired, he went on working.(虽然他累了,但他还是继续工作。)

(while 引导让步状语从句)

While he was tired, he would have a rest.(他累了就休息一会儿。)

(while 引导时间状语从句)

2.while 引导让步状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和谓语动词 be 都可以省略。例如:

While he was ill, he went there.(= While ill,he went there.)

(虽然他有病,但他还是去那里了。)

3.while 和 when 都可以引导时间状语从句,但应注意:while 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词;而 when 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词。当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,while 和 when 可以互相替换。例如:

While we were talking, the teacher came in.(我们正在谈话时,老师进来了。)

The bus had left when we arrived at the bus stop.(当我们到达车站时,公共汽车已经开走了。)

(arrive是非延续性动词,因此,此句中的 when 不能用 while 替换。)

When / While we were having a meeting, our teacher came in.(我们正在开会时,老师走了进来。)

(have 是延续性动词,因此,句中的 when 可以用 while 替换。)

4.while 引导的状语从句还可以表示“某个动作正在进行的同时,另一个动作也在进行之中”。例如:

While the teacher was speaking, the students were listening.(老师讲课时,学生们在听。)

While he was writing, I was reading.

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