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What I Have Learned form Translating After the translation course I study in second major in English, I found myself in love with the translation, whether English to Chinese or Chinese to English is very interesting, because you can learn culture differences between East and West, learn knowledge which we don’t touch before, and we can exercise reading skills in English.Translation requires frequent practices, I will try to translate a few articles sometimes, so I chose translation as my graduation project.I chose two papers related to economic theory as my translation task, because my first major is economics.My English to Chinese article entitled “Social Security Reform and Investment in Education: Is There Scope for a Pareto Improvement?”, Chinese to English article entitled “Why Ricardo, Mill, and mainstream economists strongly support globalization?.”
These two articles are not a easy translation, since it involves a lot of specialized vocabulary, names of experts, in the usual English is not common knowledge relevant to the needs, which have caused difficulties of translating.My accumulation is not enough the lack of translation practice, and translation skills is too weak, so this is the re-learning the discipline of translation, and the proce advances, and because the selected article content, I had also been deepening the understanding of profeional, so it’s the two ones’ complementary and reinforce each other's good results.In addition, because of their capacity constraints, I still have a lot of the translations are not satisfied with the place, and even the barriers that I can’t continue translating , resulting in a difficult part of the contents of the article is not fluent, and even I couldn’t understand these parts, I hope the latter English learning, especially the study of translation would help me break through these bottlenecks, so that I could gain the real English ability.Here is what I have learned in this task.Translation is an effective way to learn new things.The two articles I translated are related to my first major, economics.These articles gave me the cutting-edge information about economics and helped me know this major better in an English version.Specifically, in the Chinese to English translation article, there are many words which are the names of courses I have learned in my major, sometimes they are so new to me in English way.Besides, translation is a very effective way to learn new words.Because there are many new words repeated themselves usually, every time I noticed that I don’t know this word well I will check its meaning, therefore I remembered them many times unconsciously.When I read, I could skip these words;When I write, I could use other words, however when I translate, I must find its meaning precisely.It is such a natural method that I could hardly notice the proce of remembering.Moreover, just as been told by my teachers, I realized that translation and interpretation are practical skills.Theories are important, but practice is even more important.Only by practicing can I notice some key details which may effect the whole translation and cannot be ignored.Both Chinese to English and English to Chinese translations are translations, but they have different features.For me, the former one is more difficult than the latter.I think the vital reason is the different way between these two thinking patterns.Chinese is my mother tongue, so it is easier for me to read in English and expre it in Chinese well.As long as I could get the main point, the translation will not be far from the original article while there are some confusing parts.First, sentences in English are often very long and complex in structure, but sentences in Chinese are very short.It is neceary for a good translator to break long sentences to short ones and keep the logic relations proper at the same time.Frankly speaking, it was not that easy as it looks like.Second, paive sentences appear very often in English;therefore I need to find proper subjects for most of them.In the beginning, I just thought in English thinking pattern and tempted to find some proper replacements , then I realized this method only made my translation sounds more translated, not a real Chinese article.Afterwards, I tried to think in Chinese thinking pattern and tried to find how to expre the same meaning in Chinese.This method made the English to Chinese translation much easier and le time-consuming.After finishing the relatively easier task, I began to crack the hard nut.There are many terms of different courses in that thesis, so I had to check them up in the online dictionary one by one.Fortunately, there also is a rule in translating them which made translation of these names easier, because many courses’ names include Basic Knowledge of… and an Introduction of…., one of the major differences between Chinese and English is that their sentences have different lengths.Chinese sentences are always short and they connect to each other according to the internal logic meaning, while English sentences are often very long, especially in scientific writing which contains many clauses, and there are many conjunctions and adverbs which indicate logic relations of sentences they connected.Based upon the above reasons, proper conjunctions and adverbs should be added in the translation to show the logic relations between parts of sentences and sentences.To achieve this, I also need to know the internal logic relations between short Chinese sentences, which is actually the same as the English to Chinese translation.From translating these two articles, I know better that to be a qualified translator is not that easy as I thought.translaters must have some certain qualities.I learned some basic rules of translating from this task.(1)the nature of translation, the translation proce can be summarized in one sentence:“In a thorough understanding of the basis of the original meaning of the expreion with a standard Chinese out”This shows that this is a learning proce and reproceing.First of all they have to accurately understand the original meaning, to repeated scrutiny, until the really understand, and then use the standard Chinese ideological and reproduced.(2)the quality of translation has two basic criteria: The first criterion is consistent with the original meaning of the original is to be faithful to the original, not only can not raise the original meaning is not and can not embellished, nor gives short weight, random deletion, it is neceary to reveal through the literal meaning of the author's intention, but also to avoid the rambling, out of the topic.This is what we call the “letter”;second criterion is consistent with the expreions in Chinese, also known as “Da”, the sentence should be fluent and smooth, not coin words and sentences, that is, the so-called pen.Should ensure that any industry can understand, can not turn out like some people do not understand even themselves after.It also represents the two standard translations of the two steps, each 50% importance, the translator's time is spent accounting for 50%.(3)the quality of the translation industry common standard is “faithfulne, and elegance”, for technical, academic and busine information, it only requires “trust” and “up” does not require the “Ya”(as “elegant” and “ gorgeous ”is mainly applied to literature and other materials), but the first two requirements of our relatively high, the translator should seek“ modest ”and“ fluent.” This is the type of information the busine and technology with scientific, academic and practicability of the characteristics of the decision.(4)the dialectical relationship between literal and free translation.Some sentences just to understand a very literal translation, such as “my name is lucy” and other more plain sentences, do not change word order to translate very well.While others expreed habits of the sentence because of language differences, in the translation of the original word order, need to make drastic adjustments that need to literally, with the re-organization of the Chinese sentences to expre the true meaning of the original author expreed it, this the so-called paraphrase.Photo Gallery includes the choice of words, sentences, re-adjustment, the implicit meaning of the expreion of other appropriate, such as “fatal competition” a translator translated as “the deadly competition”, our experts translated as “rat race”, the latter to even more vivid than the former.However, the paraphrase does not mean free, not as an excuse for some translators regardle of original intent paraphrase casual thing or another.We have encountered some of the translation the translator when asked at first glance very fluent, very logical, or even very beautiful, but the one against the original, but found straying Mr Miles, he is completely in accordance with their own imagination and make up their own logic , this is not the scholarship, but of the Three Kingdoms, which is not in the translation, is compiled.In fact, the literal translation and free translation is the same purpose, is to accurately convey the original author's intention, there is no good or bad, but there is a dialectic between the two relationships.The most common translation is literal and free translation combination of both, you need a good grasp of the translator a question of degree, so is the level appropriately.(5)the requirements of a profeional is also very important, but it is already implied in paragraph(2)Among the two standards.They are familiar with the translator to translate profeional, not sure of the information can not be translated.Profeional translation in cro should consult experts, if an outsider can not be said to really understand the basic principles of the translation of materials, even translate their own expertise but also within the scope of the information very carefully, asked to meet profeional standards.In general, an information translated, the translator should be experts in this field.(6)the quality of translation of a litmus test: In a sense, the basic logic and basic common sense is a touchstone of whether or not translated correctly, should be translated after a check to see whether Mr logical If the words do not convey or breach of the general logic and basic common sense, then the translation have a problem.Good writing has a strong logic, has a theme, the translator is only along this theme and logic translation, be poible to translate well, so the translator to translate and China.Conducted before and after comparison, continue to carry the logic of thinking and judging.In addition，economy and trade articles are different from others, it has some basic standards.First,accuracy.Articles in trade have high demands on accuracy, even minor technical errors, can lead to a big gap with the intent of trade and economic cla on the accuracy of the translation is very demanding.Such as: commercial lending if literally translated is “commercial loan”, and in busine practices but should be used in “regular loan,” the same, operating expenses are not “operating expenses” and should be translated as “current expenditure” and other, similar examples are supporting reforms Reform counterpart funds matching funds financial supervision cooperation in financial supervision and credit union bank industrial bank Industrial Bank favorable balance surplus adverse balance deficit of hard currency hard currency and soft currency soft currency and so on..Translation trade article is an indispensable step revision, do not have to elaborate on this point, the article once the wrong economic cla, the consequences may be irreversible.Second, convention.There are many economic and trade article title can not change the fixed, or easy to destroy people's understanding of habit, even serious differences.Last, more translation of the word.Economic cla in the article, the same word may exist in a variety of different occasions translation, although the same busine concepts, but they expre different meanings, such as the term revenue, marginal revenue marginal revenue translated, gro revenue translated into income, Tax revenue officer who translated, the word market another example, used as a noun meaning the market, but when used as a verb or a verb participle should be translated as “marketing” or “sell.” So be sure to ground in the translation dictionary, especially when the profeional dictionaries, and reference online translation.Meanwhile, the economic use of words according to their occasions, formal and informal of the points, the official term is mainly used for economic and trade official legal documents, and informal talks, the words generally used for draft news and so on.For example: “Cancel” in the formal settings will be used “Liquidation” and in an informal setting was “cancel”;“terminated” in the formal occasions is “termination” was in the informal occasions “end.”
英语双学位 06班36号
张颖
