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1.人称代词
主格： I we you she he it they
宾格： me us you her him it them
形容词性物主代词：my our your her his its their
名词性物主代词： mine ours yours hers his its theirs
2.形容词和副词的比较级
(1)一般在形容词或副词后+er
older taller longer stronger, etc
(2)多音节词前+more
more interesting, etc.(3)双写最后一个字母，再+er
bigger fatter,(4)把y变i，再+er
heavier, earlier
(5)不规则变化：
well-better, much/many-more,3.可数词的复数形式
Most nouns + s a book –books
词尾 +yf or fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves
4.不可数名词(单复数形式不变)
bread, rice, water ,juice
5.缩略形式
I’m = I am you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is it’s = it is who’s =who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not
6.a/an
a book, a peach
an egg an hour
7.介词
on, in ,in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind.表示时间： at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast on Monday on 15th July On National Day
in the evening in December in winter
8.基数词和序数词
one – first two-second twenty-twentieth
9.Some /any
I have some toys in my bedroom.（陈述句）
Do you have any brothers or sisters?（疑问句）
10.be 动词
(1)am/are/is
(2)肯定和否定句 I am(not)from London.My eyes are(not)small.My hair is(not)long.（3）一般疑问句： Am I a Chniese? Yes, you are.No, you aren’t.Are they American? Yes, they are.No, they aren’t.Is the cat fat? Yes, it is.No, it isn’t.11.there be 结构
肯定句： There is a „
There are „
一般疑问句:Is there „? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.Are there„? Yes, there are./No, there aren’t.否定句： There isn’t „.There aren’t„.12.祈使句
Sit down please
Don’t sit down, please.13.现在进行时.通常用“now”.形式： be + 动词-ing
eg: I am(not)doing my homework.You/We/They are(not)reading.He/She/It is(not)eating.动词 —ing 的形式
Most verbs +ing walk—walking
Verbs ending in e-e + ing come—coming
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant run –running swim—swimming 14 一般现在时。通常用 “usually, often, every day, sometimes”。
形式：
肯定句：
I go to school on foot every day.She goes to school on foot every day.一般疑问句:
Do you jump high? Yes, I do./ No, I don’t.Does he jump high? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t.否定句： We don’t go to school on Sundays.My mother doesn’t like watching TV in the evening.15.(情态)动词can,must, should，may 后面直接用动词原形。
eg:
1.I / He / She / They can sing.2．You should keep quiet in the library.16.一般过去时态
（a）be 动词的过去式:
I/He/she/it was(not)„.You/we/they were„.一般疑问句was, were 放在句首。
（b）动词过去式：
肯定句： I watched cartoons.She visited the zoo.一般疑问句： Did you read book last night? Yes, I did.No, I didn’t.Did she clean the desk just now? Yes, she did.No, she didn’t.否定句： They didn’t go the the part yesterday.He didn’t make model ships last week.(3)动词过去式的变化：
规则动词的变化：
Most verbs +ed eg.planted,watered,climbed。
Verbs ending in e +d eg liked。
Verbs ending in a consonant +y--y +ied eg : study—studied
Short verbs ending in a vowel + a consonant eg: stop--stopped
不规则动词的变化：
is/am—was,are—were,do—did,have/has—had,make—made,fly-flew/u:/
eat—ate,take—took,run—ran,sing—sang,drink—drank 等等
17.“Wh-” questions.What are you doing?
What colour is it?
What time is it? What’s the time?
Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?
Who’s the man with a big nose?
Whose bag is it?
When is your birthday?
Where is my ball pen?
Why do you like summer?
How many books are there in the school bag?
How old is the young man?
How much is the toy bear?
How do you go to school every day?
What are you doing?
What colour is it?
What time is it? What’s the time?
Which is your watch, the yellow one or the white one?
Who’s the man with a big nose?
Whose bag is it?
When is your birthday?
Where is my ball pen?
Why do you like summer?
How many books are there in the school bag?
How old is the young man?
How much is the toy bear?
How do you go to school every day?
1、反义词
big---small大的/小的long---short长的/短的tall---short高的/矮的thin---fat瘦的/胖的heavy---light重的/轻的happy---sad高兴的/悲伤的open---close打开/关上good---bad好的/坏的new---old新的/旧的old---young年长的/年青的cold---hot冷的/热的far---near 近的/远的right---left右边/左边east---west东面/西面south---north南面/北面go---come 来/去up---down 上/下here---there这里/那里
2、方位及方位介词
south南north北east东west西left左边right右边in在…里on在…上under在…下面near在…旁边behind在…后边 next to与…相邻over在…上面in front of在…前面
3、疑问词
what什么what day星期几what color什么颜色what time什么时间why为什么who 谁where哪里which one哪一个when什么时候which哪一个how多么，怎样how old几岁how many多少how tall 多高how much多少钱how heavy多重
4、动词词组
swim游泳fly飞jump跳walk走run跑sleep睡觉drink water喝水get up起床go to bed起床go home回家go to school去上学go swimming去游泳
go fishing去钓鱼go shopping买东西go hiking去远足go skiing滑雪go skating滑旱冰
go ice-skating滑冰play sports做运动play ping-pong打乒乓play football踢足球
play the piano弹钢琴play che 下棋play computer games玩电脑游戏
play the violin拉小提琴listen to music听音乐watch TV看电视read a book看书write a letter写信write an e-mail写邮件write a report写报告take pictures拍照片sing and dance唱歌跳舞draw pictures 画画fly kites 放风筝watch insects观察昆虫make kites 做风筝pick up leaves摘树叶do an experiment做实验catch butterflies抓蝴蝶count insects数昆虫collect stamps收集邮票have a picnic野餐do homework做家庭作业eat breakfast吃早餐
do morning exercises晨练have English cla上英语课plant trees种树visit grandparents看望爷爷奶奶make a snowman堆雪人ride a bike骑车climb a mountain爬山row a boat 划船take a trip 旅游do housework做家务clean the room打扫房间cook dinner做晚饭make the bed铺床wash clothes洗衣服do the dishes洗碗sweep the floor扫地set the table摆饭桌answer the phone接电话
water the flowers浇花empty the trash倒垃圾
