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Genetics Final Examination 2
Define the following terms(5 points each): BLAST OMIM RefSeq
lagging strand
1.(8 points)Define, compare and contrast kinetochore and centromere
Examine this pedigree(which is from your text)
2.(3 points)Is the trait receive or dominant?
3.(3 points)Is the trait sex-linked?
4.(5 points)Certain people are almost certainly carriers.Indicate these(and only these)by shading on the diagram below:
You are doing research with yeast(S.cerevisiae).Your new gene(yfg3)is 1 cM.away from HIS3.You examine 100 tetrads and observe all 400 spores(this is actually sort of miraculous, since some spores usually die, but it neverthele occurs).5.(4 points)What is the expected number of tetrads that contain one or more chromosomes with a recombination between YFG3 and HIS3 ?
6.(6 points)Considering all 400 of the haploid progeny without regard to their tetrads of origin, how likely is it that you will observe:
0 recombinant spores 1 recombinant spore 2 or more recombinant spores
A technique developed by Streisinger et al.allows the production of meiotic half-tetrads from zebrafish of virtually any genotype.This is accomplished by using high preure to block the second meiotic division.Blocking meiosis II leads to two meiotic products instead of four.When these diploid embros are fertilized by UV-inactivated sperm(which contribute no genetic information)they develop as females known as gynogenetic or matroclinous females.7.(5 points)If the mother is heterozygous for a centromeric receive mutation causing a lack of pigmentation(call it albino), what fraction of the progeny would be homozygous(albino /albino)and show the albino phenotype?
8.(5 points)Another receive mutation, near the centromere of another chromosome(call this second gene tubby), causes the fish to be fat.If mothers heterozygous for both mutations are “squeezed” to produce matoclinous progeny, what fraction do you expect to show the albino phenotype, the tubby phenotype, both phenotypes and neither phenotype?
9.(5 points)A third mutation, blind, is very far away from the centromere(over 100 cM.)on yet a third chromosome.When fish that are heterozygous for both albino and blind are are “squeezed” to produce matoclinous progeny, what fraction do you expect to show the albino phenotype, the blind phenotype, both phenotypes and neither phenotype?
10.(5 points)In a parallel experiment, you carry out a standard cro.F1 fish that are heterozygous for both albino and blind are are mated among themselves.Now, what fraction of the F2 do you expect to show the albino phenotype, the blind phenotype, both phenotypes and neither phenotype?
11.(4 points)Two wild-type alleles, 1 and 2, are present in a population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.Homozygotes for allele 1 represent 36% of the population.What fraction of the population is heterozygous?
12.(5 points)Here is the sequence of the template strand of a DNA fragment: 5' TCGCATTGCACGGCGACTCAACCATAGTCCCAC 3' Which of the following would be best to use as a primer for DNA synthesis together with the above DNA as a template:
a)5' GGCGTAACGTGCCGCTGAGTTGGTA 3' b)5' AGCGTAACGTGCCGCTGAGTTGGTG 3' c)5' GTGGGACTATGGTTGAGTCGCCGTA 3' d)5' ATGGGACTATGGTTGAGTCGCCGTG 3'
13.Label each of the following short protein sequences as a)negatively charged(acidic);b)positively charged(basic);c)hydrophobic or d)hydrophilic but uncharged.(2 points each)QANQST LLWIVL ADEADE RKAHRH
14.(14 points)Label each of the following six statements as 1)true of DNA polymerase, 2)true of RNA polymerase, 3)true of both or 4)true of neither.a)Absolutely requires a primer with a base-paired 3' end.b)Absolutely requires a template.c)Uses UTP as a substrate.d)Uses dCTP as a substrate.e)Can have(usually has)a 3'-5' exonuclease “proofreading” activity.f)Adds nucleotides to the 5' end of a polynucleotide chain in accordance with basepairing to a template strand.g)Adds nucleotides to the 3' end of a polynucleotide chain in accordance with basepairing to a template strand.
