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《定语从句》教学设计
学 科: 英语 课题名称: 定语从句 执 教 者: 马丽娟
教 材:《英语》人教版 必修二 年 级: 高一
单 位: 甘肃省临夏中学 指导教师: 张金芳
教材分析:
本课是高中英语人教版必修一第四单元语法知识。定语从句对于高中英语来说是一个非常重要的语法点。在日常交际口语中,定语从句被经常使用,尤其对于初学者来说,它是理解和解释一些新概念或者复杂概念的有效工具。它在高考中占的比例也是举足轻重的,无论单选、完型还是在阅读理解中,它都无所不在。甚至在作文中,轻轻松松的写出几个定语从句,就能为你的作文添光加彩。因此,掌握它的使用对学生有非常重要的意义,我们要对它进行着重的讲解。
教学目标:
知识目标:
1. 熟悉定语从句的概念、句法结构和作用以及先行词和关系代词的位置和作用。
2.掌握关系词that, which, who, whose, when, where, why的基本用法。能力目标:能够正确选用关系代词that, which, who, whose和关系副词when, where, why.情感目标:通过学习调动学习积极性,使学生体会到英语的趣味和实用性。
学情分析:
大多数学生上进心强,学习态度端正,有良好的学习习惯,但是缺乏一定的探索研究问题的能力。定语从句是学生在英语学习中比较常用的语法,也是学生们必须掌握的内容。这一语法现象比较复杂和概念化,不容易理解和准确运用。鉴于以上情况,我运用“学中用,用中学”的教学理念,让学生通过理解,归纳有关定语从句的知识,让学生在完成任务的过程中进一步巩固所学教学内容。
高中生的思维方式由形象思维向抽象思维过渡,因此在教学中应注意积极引导学生应用已掌握的基础知识,通过理论分析和推理判断来获得新知识,发展抽象思维能力。在教学过程中我重视培养学生对英语的兴趣,充分发挥主体作用,迎合他们好奇、好动、好强的心理特点,调动他们学习的积极性和主动性。
教学方法:
针对学生的实际情况,通过创设学生易错问题对定语从句进行由浅入深的详细讲解,重心放在对其重难点的分析上,并采取教与练相结合的方式,由知识点切入到题目,给学生一个融会贯通的过程,再由题目返回到知识点中,让学生有一种恍然大悟、豁然开朗的感觉。使得学生对定语从句有一个透彻、完整的理解与把握。
教学过程:
第一步:导引目标。Enjoy the picture of Harry Porter.T: Which one is Harry Porter? Ss: The boy is Harry Porter.T: In the second picture, which one is Harry Porter? Ss: The boy who is wearing glaes is Harry Porter.请学生分析这个句子中划线部分所出现的语法现象,由此导入到“定语从句”。
(设计思路:学生对Harry Porter很熟悉,通过描述图片的形式,可以引导学生轻松自然地进入语法话题。)第二步: 复习定语从句基础知识
一.定语从句的定义:由关系代词或者关系副词引导,修饰主句中的一个名词性成分,相当于一个形容词的功能,就叫做定语从句。二.引导定语从句的关系词 关系代词
指代人: who, whom, that, as 指代事物:that, which, as 所属关系:whose 关系副词
指地点:where 指时间:when 指原因:why(设计思路:复习理论知识,为以下的实际操练做较好的准备,提高准确率。)
第三步:定语从句难点透析
(1).先行词为物,必须使用that的情况,可以简单的概括为五个字,即:“代,高,序,双,特”。
1.Do you have anything that you don’t know? 当先行词被不定代词something , everything, nothing, 等及little, some, every, few 等词修饰时。
2.This is the best TV that is made in China.当先行词被形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是最高级时。3.The last place that we visited was the Great Wall.当先行词被序数词修饰时
4.We talked a lot about the people and the things that we saw last time.当先行词既包含“人”又包含“物”时
5.It is the very pen that I am looking for.当先行词被the only, the very ,等特殊词修饰时。(2)whose 的用法:
This is the girl _whose___ mother works in our school.I like the car __whose__ color is blue.(3)非限制性定语从句中只用which吗?
This is the school, ____ I studied for three years.I still remember the day on the farm, ____ we helped the farmers.This report will be given by a profeor, ____ is from Canada.逗号之后的连接词不一定是which, 但不能用that和why, 根据连接词在从句中的作用,逗号之后可能是when, where, as, who等。(4).as 与which 的区别:
The earth is round, _as__ we all know.As_ is known to all, the earth is round.Her father is too hard on her, _____ she can’t bear.as 正如……,可位于句首句中句末。which 无具体意义,只能位于句末。(5)关系代词和关系副词的选用
1)I’ll never forget the day _________ we first met in the park.2)I’ll never forget the day _________ we spent together.3)This is the place __________ I once visited.4)This is the place _____________ I once worked.5)This is the reason ___________ I mied the bus.6)The reason __________ she gave was not true.指时间,地点或原因的先行词在定语从句中作主语,用which或that引导从句。如果作状语,根据先行词用 when,where 或why引导定语从句。
(设计思路:通过列出和分析定语从句的难点和考点,让学生对什么是定语从句的重、难点有一个透彻、完整的理解与把握。)第四步:能力提高
第一部分:运用所学语法知识填空。
1.I have a friend ________ likes listening to claical music.2.Which is the machine __________ we used last Sunday? 3.I’d like a room ______ window looks out over the sea.4.This is the last time __________ I’ve given your leons.5.This is the boy with _____ he talked.6.It is such an interesting film _____ we all like.7.Yesterday, Jimmy left for Canada, ______ he had stayed two years.8.She said she had finished her work, _____ I doubted very much.9.All _____
we can do is to study hard.10.I’d like you to explain the reason _____ you were absent.(设计思路:贯彻由易渐难的原则,先从相对简单的填空题开练,鼓舞士气,提高自信心。)第二部分:高考链接。
1.(2013, 北京)When I arrived, John took me to see the house ____ I would be staying.A.what
B.when
C.where
D.which 2.(2013,山东)There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science.A.as
B.that
C.when
D.where 3.(2010,湖南)I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school_____
I met in the English speech contest last year.A.where
B.which
C.when
D.who 4.(2013,江西)He wrote a letter ____ he explained what had happened in the accident.A.what
B.which
C.where
D.how 5.(2013,天津)We have launched another man-made satellite, ____ is announced in today’s newspaper.A.that
B.which
C.who
D.what(设计思路:这是几道往年的高考题,依照循序渐进的理念,本部分提高了难度,考察学生用定语从句组织复合句的能力。)第五步:课后作业。
Summarize the rules of the attributive clause.教学反思:
本课教学设计采用创设学生易错问题对定语从句进行由浅入深的详细讲解,重心放在对其重难点的分析上,并采取教与练相结合的方式,由知识点切入到题目,使得学生对定语从句有一个透彻、完整的理解与把握。整个教学过程重点突出,难点清晰。逐步创设问题让学生来思考,生成知识。