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英语教师面试P课
Background：
Topic：those English words from Chinese Leading words：初阶：沙发、咖啡、脱口秀、迷你、巴士、汉堡、高尔夫、巧克力、可乐
进阶：逻辑、幽默、系统、基因、t-恤、镭射、克隆、拷贝 Key words：音译：toufu、lychee、kowtow、mahjong、kungfu（martial arts）、taichi、taoism、Typhoon、ketchup
借译： Brainwash、lose face（save face）、no can do、历史原因：Mao-bibel（German）、shanghai、课后讨论：long time no see 流程：
I believe many of you know that there are a lot of Chinese words are from English,don’t you? So who can give me some examples？In English or Chinese,both way is ok.OK，沙发，yeah，it’s from the word sofa, and else? Right,hanbao,from the word hamburger.Here,I also want you know that this Hamburger originated in a Germany city hamburg.People in that city create a kind of food and they called it Hamburg steak which was token to the US by the immigrants from the city after it got real popular, and then there comes a word hamburger for this kind of food.Also, I can give you lots of Chinese words from English,like Blabla.As you can see, there’re many words in Chinese from English.What about English?I can tell you, many language do have kinds of mixture, so of cause there are many words in English from Chinese.Some simple one like toufu, lychee,kowtow,mahjong,taichi,kungfu,taoism.Here is a things I want to share with you: Taoism is a calque word.What does calque mean? It is actually a French,means close copy, which is create a word from another language in the way word for word or root-for-root.In Chinese,we call it Jieyi, and we will see some other examples later.What i said Chinese, it’s not only Mandarin, also include Cantonese and some other dialects.So don’t be surprised when I say Typhoon is from Chinese, cause it’s an original Cantonese word and I happened to know some Cantonese.Also,ketchup is from Amoy dialect which is Xiamen hua in Chinese.pretty impreed,huh?
Alright，In fact，those are translate base on the pronunciation.Besides those, there also some phrases that is not so easy to tell from the pronunciation,like no can do.Who can tell me what does it mean? Yeah, bukeyi.So easy to understand,huh? Let’s focus on the phrase, people do use it in daily life and it seems no problem.But actually it’s anti-grammar, it’s wrong in the English grammar.Then why do people use it? This phrase was first used in Guangzhou in 18th century by Chinese, and due the busine between Chinese and Foreigners,this word spreads to the western countries.OK,let’s move onto another word: brainwash,is also a typical Chinese word in English,which used by a journalist during the Korea War.Now, this is also a calque word.There are many similarities with this,like lose face and save face.In here,face is actually a sociological concept means one’s own sense of dignity like the same way lian in Chinese.In fact,there are some words that you can’t see nowadays or means different thing like shanghai.We do know it’s the largest city in China,but it also means force someone to join a ship or kidnap someone.That because Shanghai was the largest port in the far east and so many these kind of things happened in the old days.By the way,do you know what does Mao-bibel mean in German? Maoshengjing,which is Maoxuan, because China was the second largest socialism country during the cold war, and the east Germany was also a socialism country so they respect the leader of China.All these words I talked about today are actually some kinds of mixture between different languages and there are still more.Due to the time,that’s all for today and I want to leave a question for you guys: I didn’t use the phrase “long time no see” as an example cause we can’t say it’s from Chinese for sure,why? Please try to find the answer of it.Remember, language is a key that can lead us to the beautiful world of next culture.See you guys next time.
