高二英语省略语法教案_高二英语省略练习

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高二英语省略语法教案

1)省略主语:祈使句中通常省略主语,但为了强调也可以使用主语。例如 Stop singing and start to prepare for your recitation.不要唱了,开始为背诵做些准备把。You perform a dance first.你先表演个舞蹈吧。

2)谓语的省略:多出现在并列句及对话中,谓语部分相同时。例如: I was born in China and Lucy(was born)in America.我出生在中国,露西出生在美国。

What we can’t get seems better than what we have(got).我们没有的东西似乎比已经拥有的更好。

Reading makes a full man and writing(make)an exact man.读书使人充实,写作使人准确。

Some of us study French, others(study)GERMAN.我们有的学法语,有的学德语。

3)宾语的省略:在并列句或对话中,如果主语、谓语不同而宾语相同时,常把这一部分宾语省略。例如:

Peter enjoys swimming but Mike hates(swimming)比得喜欢游泳,而迈克则讨厌游泳。-Which program do you like? 你喜欢哪一个节目? -It’s hard to tell.很难说。

4)在含有比较结构的复合句中,常在as和than引导的分句中省略某些与主句相同的部分或省略在特定上下文或特定情景中某些不言而喻的成分或整个as, than从句。例如: The piano in the other shop will be cheaper(than those in this shop), but not as good(as those in this shop).另一家商店里的钢琴更便宜,但是并不一样好。

How beautifully she sings!I’ve never heard a better voice(than hers).她唱得多好!我从没有听过比这更好的嗓音。

5)一般疑问句和祈使句的答语中,常用“Yes/ No+主语+助动词”,而省略主要动词或其他成分,但助动词应和原句的动词时态保持一致。回答特殊问句的答语中常省略和问句相重复的部分,只保留新信息部分。例如:

-Could I borrow your dictionary? 我可以借你的字典吗?

-Yes, of course you can(borrow my dictionary).当然可以。-Have you ever been to Hong Kong? 你去过香港吗? -Never.从来没有去过。

6)复合句中从句的句尾和主句相同时,从句的句尾可省略。例如: Mary is going to sweep the floor though Alice won’t(sweep the floor).玛丽要打扫地板,而艾丽斯不做这件事情。7)两个或两上以上被形容词修饰的同一名词,前面的常被省略;重复出现的形容词,后边的可以省略。例如:

There were middle-aged(men)and elderly men to attend the meeting.有几个中老年男人出席了会议。We are young boys and(young)girls.我们是少年男女。

8)表示时间、条件、比较、方式或让步状语从句中,如果谓语动词是be,主语和主句的主语一致或主语是it时,常常省略主语和谓语部分。例如:

When(it is)heated, water sends out steam.加热时水会变成蒸汽。

He often kept silent unle(he was)spoken to.他常常保持沉默,除非有人和他说话。

Many roofs were replaced with new ones where(it is)neceary.必要的地方屋顶被换成了新的。

She hurried away as if(she was)very angry.她匆忙离开了,似乎是很生气。

She went on working though(she was)exhausted.尽管筋疲力尽,她仍然继续工作。

9)当不定式所表示的内容上文已经出现,为避免重复,不定式里的动词及其后续部分省略,只保留to。例如:

You’d better give a performance if you should be asked to.你最好进行表演,如果被邀请的话。

I think he should get a job, but you can’t force him to if he is not ready to.我想他应该得到一份工作,但如果他不愿意,你不能强迫他。

但当被省略的内容如果是“情态动词+动词完成式”时,或不定式后有be的任何形式时,to后要保留到have和be。例如:

He didn’t come to the meeting, but he ought to have.他没有来参加会议,但是他本应该来的。The young girl is not what she used to be.那个女孩子不是原来的样子了。

10)某些动词短语之后的介词可以省略。例如:spend…(in)doing sth.花(时间)做某事;stop/ prevent sb.(from)doing sth.阻止某人做某事;be busy(in)doing sth忙于做某事;waste time(in)doing sth.浪费时间做某事。11)宾语从句中,连词that可省略,但如有两个以上的宾语从句,除第一个that外,其他的that都不可省略。另外,定语从句中,that, which, whom作宾语时可以省略。例如:

Mr Wang said(that)the job was important and that we should try our best to do it.王先生说,那项工作很重要,我们应该尽力去做。

This is the computer(that)his father sent him as a birthday gift.这是他父亲送给他作为生日礼物的那台电脑。

12)主从复合句中主句中有一些成分被省略或省略一个从句或从句的一部分,用so或not代替,此时不要用it或that代替。例如:

-Do you think he will come tonight? 你认为他今晚会来吗?

-Yes, I think so./ No, I don’t think so.是的,我认为他会来。/不,我不认为他会来。-Are you feeling any better? 你感觉好些了吗? -I am afraid not.恐怕不是这样。

类似的用法还有:How so? / Why so?/ Is that so? / I hope so./ I am afraidso.怎么会这样?/为什么会这样?/是那样吗?/我希望如此/恐怕是这样。

I suppose not./ I believe not./ I’m afraid not./ I hope not./ I gue not.我想不会的/我不相信会这样/恐怕不是如此/不希望如此/我认为不会如此。

1.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him________.(NMET1995)

A.not to

B.not to do

C.not to it

D.do not to 2.-Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?

-I_________, but I had an unexpected visitor.(NMET1997)

A.had

B.would

C.was going to

D.that 3.-Does your brother intend to study German?

-Yes, he intends__________.(1998上海)

A.had

B.would

C.was going to

D.that 4.-I’ll be away on a busine trip.Would you mind looking after my cat?

-Not at all._________.(NMET1995)

A.I’ve no time

B.I’d rather not

C.I’d like it

D.I’d be happy to 5.-Do you think it’s going to rain over the weekend?

-_________.(NMET1994)

A.I don’t believe

B.I don’t believe it

C.I believe not so

D.I believe not

KEYS!1.A

2.C

3.B

4.D

5.D 3

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