机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 7_机电专业英语第2版

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机电专业英语第2版电子教案Unit 7由刀豆文库小编整理,希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便,猜你可能喜欢“机电专业英语第2版”。

Unit 7 The Injection Molding and Machine

I.Lead in

Information related to the text Do you know what is called an injection molding machine? Can you give an example of it? What does it work? In this unit you will learn some the Injection Molding and Machine concept, how it is wide application.Now, let's learn new words and phrases.II.Word Study

1.inject [in'dʒekt]

vt.注射,注入

injection n.注射,投资,注射剂 1)A sterile applicator is used to inject the microchip just under the skin.一个消过毒的涂药器被注射进微型芯片在表皮之下。

2)Major banks around the world are joining forces to inject as much as 180 billion dollars into global money markets.全世界的主要银行都加入了抵制注入180亿美元到全球的经济市场中的行动。

3)Fire ants get their name because when they sting, they inject poison into the skin that causes a feeling of intense burning.Some people suffer life-threatening reactions.火蚁因当他们叮住目标时会将一种能导致灼热感的有毒物质注入皮肤而得名。有些还会有生命危险的反应。

4)There would be no need for injection, since the vaccine would be taken by mouth.通过口服疫苗,我们就不需要注射了。

2.melt [melt] vt.使软化,使融化,使熔化,使感动

1)This element is of proper shape and cro-section to carry rated current continuously and to melt in accordance with a specific time-current characteristic on heavy overload or short circuit.此可熔断元件恰当的形状和横截面使其可连续通过额定电流,而对于严重过负荷或短路,按规定的时间一电流特性而熔断。

2)Either it exposes land, which then warms up;or it forms ponds(or lakes or streams)of meltwater on the surface of the ice, which absorb energy and melt more ice.融冰过程要么导致陆地暴露并且温度升高,要么在冰层表面形成池塘(或湖泊,或溪流),并吸收能量,融化更多的冰。

3)Her money seemed to melt away in Paris.在巴黎她的钱似乎自行消失了。

4)If fast growth and urbanization continue, some overcapacity will melt away.如果高速增长和城市化进程得以持续,部分产能过剩将得到消化。3.powdered ['paudəd] adj.粉状的, 变成粉末的,涂粉的 1)The ground was lightly powdered with snow.地上薄薄地铺了一层雪。

2)If you combine powdered milk and water, you get liquid milk.把奶粉和水合在一起就成了牛奶。

3)Ceramic elements are made by preing and sintering finely powdered materials.陶瓷元件是将仔细研磨的材料经过加压和烧结制成。

4)The sweet scented orris root, is the powdered root of the Florentine iris, which was grown in ancient Greek and Roman gardens.有香甜味的鸢尾根是佛罗伦萨鸢尾有许多小斑点的根,这种鸢尾长在古希腊和罗马花园里。

4.hopper ['hɔpə] n.斗;单足跳者;跳虫;漏斗 1)Raise hopper feeding inlet size and height.加高投料口尺寸及投料高度。

2)Flexible tube used to convey either powder from hopper to gun or compreed air to gun.把粉末从粉桶输送到喷枪或把压缩空气输送到喷枪的柔性管子。3)Automatic material loading ty using vacuum blower and material hopper with photo electrical material level sensor.配备电眼料斗与送料风机,能自动上料。

4)When the students left the examination room, they jotted down these questions quickly from memory and put them into the fraternity hopper.学生离开考场后,凭记忆迅速将这些问题写下来,然后存入联谊会的议案箱。

5.screw [skru:] vt.旋,拧;压榨;强迫n..螺丝钉;螺旋vi.转动,拧 1)Can you work the screw loose? 你能使这个螺钉松开吗?

2)John must have a screw loose to quit such a good job.约翰辞掉这么好的工作,一定是神经不正常。3)This eyelet is so small that even the smallest screw cannot pa through.这个孔眼太小了,最小的螺丝钉都穿不过去。

4)He is an old screw.You will never be able to make him give out one dollar.他是个老守财奴,你不可能令他交出一元一分。

6.shear [ʃiə] vt.修剪,剪;剥夺 n.切变;修剪;大剪刀 1)In fluids, forces of tension and shear can often be ignored.在流体中,张力和切力通常可以忽略不计。2)How long does it take to shear a sheep? 给一只羊剃毛要花多久时间?

3)Because you already are I this life forever are unable to shear the shed worrying.因为你已是我今生永远无法割舍的牵挂。

4)Textbooks commonly denote shear strees by the symbol and two subscripts.教科书通常用符号和两个脚标表示剪应力。

7.hydraulic [hai'drɔ:lik] adj.液压的, 水压的, 水力的;水力学的 1)The hydraulic shock damper is commonly used to reduce the vehicular vibration.液压减振器一般用来衰减车辆的振动。2)The paper presents a new structure of honing internal_ hole of hydraulic prop on general lathe.介绍一种在普通车床上珩磨液压支柱内孔的新结构。

3)The Brake system can be divided into two principal parts, hydraulic system and wheel Brake aemblies.制动系统可以分为两个基本部分:液压系统和车轮制动总成。4)Solenoid valve is a basic component in automatic flow control, it is actuator but not limited to hydraulic, pneumatic.电磁阀是用来控制流体的自动化基础元件,属于执行器;并不限于液压,气动。

8.polymerize ['pɔliməraiz] vt.(使)聚合 1)Polymerize together, of two substances.两种物质共同聚合在一起。

2)Of spill or leak: flood with water to polymerize.产品外溅或泄露的措施:用水冲使其聚合。

3)“Polymerize life energy;Cherish being health” is the eternal management idea in the enterprise.“聚合生命能量,呵护人类健康”是我们永恒的经营理念;

4)In this paper, polymerization of maleic anhydride which is difficult to polymerize in normal condition was studied by means of microwave radiation.3

将微波辐射用于一般情况下难以聚合的马来酸酐的聚合,采用家用微波炉进行微波辐射。

III.Language points

1.Injection molding is principally used for the production of the thermoplastic parts, although some progre has been made in developing a method for injection molding some thermosetting materials.译文:尽管注塑成型某些热固性塑料的方法取得了一定进步, 但注塑成型主要(还是)用来生产热塑性塑料制件。

说明: “be used for” 意为“(某物)被用做……”其后接名词、代词或动名词,e.g.1)Either of the lathes may be used for machining the parts.两台车床随便哪一台都可以用来加工这些零件。2)What could whale be used for other than being eaten? 鲸除了可以吃还有其他用途吗?。

3)Falling water may be used for the generation of electricity.高处落下的水可用来发电。

2.The problem of injecting a melted plastic into a mold cavity from a reservoir of melted material has been extremely difficult to solve for thermosetting plastics which cure and harden under such conditions within a few minutes.译文:热固性塑料熔体在很短的时间内就会固化和硬化, 在从料斗向模具型腔注入热固性塑料熔体的过程中, 也会出现这种情况, 这个问题一直非常难以解决。

说明:句中of injecting a melted...of melted material是介词短语作后置定语, 修饰the problem ;which cure and harden...是定语从句作后置定语, 修饰thermosetting plastics。be difficult to do sth意为做某事有困难,e.g.1)The little child cannot be made to do such a difficult thing.不要让这个小孩子来做如此困难的事情。

2)Life may be difficult to achieve the goal, but I do not care.也许一生也难达到目标,但我并不在乎。

3)No matter how difficult English may be, you should do your best to learn it.无论英语有多么难,你都应该尽你最大的努力来学它。

3.The proce consists of feeding a plastic compound in powdered or granular form from a hopper through metering and melting stages and then injecting it into a mold.译文:注塑成型工艺包括:首先把料斗中的粉状或粒状的塑料混合物

依次输送到计量区和熔融区, 然后再注射到模具型腔中。

说明:“consist of” 意为“包括,由……组成”,e.g.1)All bodies consist of molecules and these of atoms.一切物体都是由分子和原子构成的。

2)About half of China's exports consist of goods that have been aembled from imported components.中国大约一半的出口由来自进口零部件组装而成的商品构成。3)What did your work consist of exactly? 你的工作具体都做些什么?

4.Injection-molding machines can be arranged for manual operation, automatic single-cycle operation, and full automatic operation.译文:注塑机分为手动、半自动及全自动操作。

说明:“be arranged for” 意为“被安排”,e.g.1)He arranged for the meeting to be put off for a week.他安排把会议延后一周召开。

2)All these need to be arranged and paid for in advance.所有这些都需要提前安排并付清款项。

3)We have arranged for her to be operated on by the best doctor.我们已经安排好让最好的医生给她做手术。

5.As the chamber in front of the screw becomes filled, it forces the screw back, tripping a limit switch that activates a hydraulic cylinder that forces the screw forward and injects the fluid plastic into the closed mold.译文:当熔体充满螺杆前部区域时, 螺杆在熔体压力作用下后退, 触动限位开关使油缸工作, 在液压力作用下推动螺杆向前运动, 将熔融塑料注射到闭合的模具型腔中。

说明:句中as引导时间状语从句,it forces the screw back为主句,tripping...是分词短语作伴随情况的状语。that activates ...为定语从句修饰a limit switch,第2个that 引导的定语从句修饰a hydraulic cylinder。“in front of” 意为“在……(外面的)前面”,e.g.1)Mr.Lin moved in front of the door.林老师走到门的前面。

2)Is Lingling behind Mary or in front of her? 玲玲在玛丽后面还是在她前面?。

3)He paraded in front of the mirror in his new uniform.他穿着新制服神气活现地照镜子。

6.A rule-of-thumb can be used to determine the tonnage required for a particular job.译文:通常靠经验来决定塑件所需要的锁模力总吨数

说明:“be used to” 意为“习惯于”,e.g.1)And the sensor could be used to help people on earth.这种传感器也可以帮助地球上的人们。

2)Computer methods may then be used to advantage.采用计算机方法是有益的。

3)Much more money will be used to prevent pollution.更多的钱,将被用于防治污染。

7.It is based on two tons of clamp force per square inch of projected area.If the flow pattern is difficult and the parts are thin, this may have to go to three or four tons.译文:一般在塑件投影面积上每平方英寸需要作用两吨锁模力。如果熔体流动困难或塑件较薄, 锁模力应提高到3~4吨。

说明:“is based on” 意为“根据,以…为基础;建立在…基础上”,e.g.1)His argument is based on fact.他的论据以事实为基础。

2)The book is based on an actual case.这书是根据一个实际案例写的。

3)Father Christmas is based on a real person in history.圣诞老人源于历史上一个真实的人物。

IV.Translating Skills

科技英语词汇的构成Ⅰ

科技英语(English for Science and Technology,简称EST)可以泛指一切论及或谈及科学和技术的书面语和口语。科技英语词汇概括起来主要有 5个特点:(1)科技英语词汇多源于希腊语和拉丁语;(2)词义专一;(3)前后缀出现频率高;(4)专业词汇出现的频率低;(5)广泛使用缩略词。科技英语词汇可以分为三类:科技词汇、半科技词汇和非科技词汇。

1.科技词汇(technical terms)

科技英语有许多专门的术语,只在某一特定的科技领域来用。许多情况下,虽然同为科学家,这个领域的科学家并不明白另一领域的词汇,比如物理学家就可能不明白生物学领域的专业术语。且由于科学技术发展,科技术语(词汇)也日益增多。我们在阅读或翻译一些科技方面文章时,一定要了解该领域的专业术语,否则可能就会云里雾里不知所云。

例如:化学领域中的isotope(同位素);物理领域的photon(光子);以及生物领域的chromosome(染色体)等等,都是科技词汇。半科技词汇(semi-technical terms)

半科技词汇指的是那些不同于生活中的语言词汇,而且在不同领域又有不同的含义的词汇,也称通用科技术语。

例如 orbit, 在医学上指的是“眼眶”,而在物理学上则是“轨道”;很普通的词web(网)、net(网)、site(站点)在计算机科学中都成了与原词仍然关联的专业词汇,如website(网址、网站)、internet(互联网);Mouse(老鼠)、memory(记忆)、read(阅读)在计算机科学中是“鼠标”、“内存”和“读取”。非科技词汇(non-technical terms)

非科技词汇指经常用于科学技术领域,在日常生活当中则不常用的词汇,在修辞学上指的是那些正式用语(learned and formal words)。因为科技英语是一种描述各种自然现象、客观事实的发生过程和特性的语言,所以科技英语的文章不用那些日常生活中的常用词汇(common words)。

例如,日常生活中我们用give、have,而科技英语中我们用poes;日常生活中用refer to,科技英语中用allude to,日常生活中用mad,科技英语中用 insane 等等。

V.Key to Exercises of the text.Ⅰ.1.b

2.d

3.a

4.e

5.c Ⅱ.1.The advantage of injection molding are:(1)A high molding speed adapted for ma production is poible.(2)There is a wide choice of thermoplastic materials providing a variety of useful properties.(3)It is poible to mold threads, undercuts, side holes, and large thin sections.2.The principle of injection molding is quite similar to that of diecasting.The proce consists of feeding a plastic compound in powdered or granular form from a hopper through metering and melting stages and then injecting it into a mold.After a brief cooling period, the mold is opened and the solidified part ejected.Ⅲ.1.In order to harden and eject thermoplastic parts from the mold,cooling would be neceary.2.This type of mold is widely used because it is comparatively easy to construct and it controls thickne and density within close limits.3.注射成型过程中最重要的问题无疑是注射模具的正确设计,因为成型车间对注射件的影响很小,即便有,也是对机器设备的结构有影响。

Key to Exercises of the reading

1.一般说来,无机物比有机物有更好的抗热性。2.此外,就是要在各种制造方法方面具有坚实的理论基础知识和实践经验。

3.Many products, such as those made from colored plastics or other special materials, are saleable because of appearance.VI.阅读材料参考译文

注塑机组成部件

注塑机将粒状热塑性塑料材料通过熔融、注射、保压和冷却这样的循环过程转化为最终的模塑制品。典型的注塑机的主要组成部件如图7-2所示

注射机构

注射机构包括料斗、往复式螺杆、料筒和注射用喷嘴, 如图7-3所示。该部分在喂料、压缩、排气、熔融、注射和保压阶段起到承接和运送物料的作用。

(1)料斗

热塑性物料以小颗粒状供给成型, 注塑机料斗要盛装这些粒料, 物料以重力形式通过加料斗颈部喂到料筒和螺杆中。

(2)料筒

如图7-3所示, 注塑机料筒承载往复式螺杆并由电加热圈加热。

(3)往复式螺杆

往复式螺杆可用来压缩、熔融和输送物料, 由三段组成(如下所述):加料段、压缩段(过渡段)和计量段(图7-4)。

当螺杆外径不变时, 往复式螺杆的螺纹深度自加料段到计量段开始处逐渐变浅, 物料被压向料筒内径处并产生黏性剪切热, 这些剪切热对于物料的熔融很重要。料筒外的加热圈能一起保证物料处于熔融状态。通常注塑机有三段或更多的加热圈, 各部分温度设定并不相同。

(4)喷嘴

喷嘴(图7-5)连接料筒与模具上的主流道衬套并且在料筒和模具之间形成密封。喷嘴温度应设为物料的熔融温度或稍低, 这取决于材料供应商的推荐值。当料筒处在满料等待注射状态时, 喷嘴头部应牢牢压在带有定位环的主流道衬套的凹坑面上, 并保证密封。当清洗料筒时, 料筒后退与浇道套分离, 这样清洗料才能从喷嘴处自由落下来。

模具系统

模具部分包括拉杆、动模固定板、定模固定板以及开设有型腔、主流道、分流道、顶出杆和冷却水道的成型模具, 如图7-6所示。模具其实是

一个热交换系统, 热塑性熔体在其中固化成为型腔给定尺寸和形状的制品。

模具包括凸模和凹模, 常用模具钢制造, 模具机构可通过型腔成型和顶出制品。定模固定板在注塑机料筒一侧, 并通过导杆与动模固定板连接。凹模模板一般固定在定模固定板上并承接喷嘴, 凸模板安装在活动模板上由拉杆导向随之一起移动。凹模模板有时也可固定到动模固定板上, 而凸模板和液压顶出机构固定到定模固定板上。

液压系统

注塑机上的液压机构可提供开、合模的动力和锁模力, 旋转和驱动往复式螺杆、推动顶杆及带动型芯移动。这需要一系列的液压元件完成, 如泵、阀、液压马达、管接头、管道和蓄能器等。

控制机构

控制机构可保证设备连续重复工作, 能监测和控制成型参数, 如温度、压力、注射速度、螺杆速度和位置、液压状态。过程控制对于制品最终质量和成型的经济性很重要, 可以是简单的开/关控制, 也可以是非常复杂的基于微处理器的闭环控制系统来完成。

锁模机构

锁模机构用于开启和闭合模具, 支撑和移动模具零部件, 产生足够的推力防止模具开启。锁模力可通过机械肘杆式机构、液压式机构或机械一液压组合式机构来实现。

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