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Unit 4
Living on Your Own
Objectives: After finishing this unit, students will be able to: ● get some idea of what they can do on and off campus
● get some idea of the benefits Ss can get from doing part-time jobs ● talk about their own self-dependent experiences ● learn to use the key words and expreions in this unit
● learn to use correct verb tenses in making sentences(consistency of verb tenses)● learn to adopt the reading skill Review and recall while reading ● learn how to fill in a bank account form
Section I Listen and Talk(2 periods)Step 1 Lead in(20 mins)1.Explain the title
Living on Your Own: 独立生活 on one’s own: 独立的，独自的 of one’s own: 属于自己的e.g.I have nothing of my own.She has a mind of her own.2.Listening(Listen to the paage and fill the miing words in the blanks.)Key: idea, on your own, enter, cage, pay, daily, part-time 3.Words explanation
take the risk: 冒险 It’s a snap.小事一桩
4.Look at the pictures and try to say something about which part-time job you prefer.(Pair-work)
Brainstorm questions: Have you ever taken a part-time job? What is it? Do you like it?
Step 2 Dialogues(40 mins)1.Listening to the two sample dialogues and learning some useful phrases and expreions.Dialogue 1 Working as a Salesperson
Dialogue 2 Working as a Tutor 2.Post-listening questions: What kind of job did Paul do? What are Paul’s other jobs? What is Lin’s tutor job?
How did Lin describe her student? 3.Phrases and sentences: work part-time: 兼职工作 minimum: 最小值 maximum：最大值 head(for): go to eager to learn: 好学
Step 3 Communicative Tasks(30 mins)Work in pairs and act the dialogue to the whole cla.Topic: Interviewing for a part-time job Useful sentences: Can you briefly describe yourself? Why do you want this job? What are your career goals? What are your main strengths and weaknees? Why should I hire you instead of many other candidates? Do you have any questions about the job? I worked hard and I won some awards.I think it will help me in my major, but I’d rather only work evenings and weekends.Step 4 Aignments 1.Read the dialogues and practice communicative tasks 2.Preview new words and expreion in Paage A
Section II Read and Explore(4 periods)Paage A Marcela’s Work Experience
Step 1 Pre-reading Tasks(15 mins)1.Greetings and a brief revision Ask one or two pairs(groups)to act out their own dialogues 2.Lead-in questions: 1)Do you have any working experience? What kind of work do you think you would enjoy? 2)Where did the author go? What did the author do and how did she enjoy her work experience there?
3)What main leons did the author learn from her time abroad? 2.Culture Notes: 1)BUNAC(British Universities North American Club): This is a program from the USA.BUNAC currently offers US students and young people work/travel programs to Britain, Australia, New Zealand, etc.Each participating country offers a unique insight into life in a completely new culture and a chance to spend extended time working and traveling overseas.US students can work anywhere in Britain for up to six month at any time during the year and explore the whole of the UK while they are there.2)Bank Holiday: A holiday of national importance such as Christmas or New Year's Day when banks and some other businees are closed(altogether there are 8-10 of these per year in the 2 UK)3)Merrill Lynch International Bank: A very large international company which specializes in a variety of financial services such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds, credit cards, and checking accounts.It has offices in 38 countries.Step 2 While-reading Tasks(75 mins)1.Read the text as quickly as poible and try to answer the following questions: 1)When did Marcela decide to experience living abroad and when did she actually go to live abroad? 2)How did Marcela’s motives and actions differ from those of her clamates? 3)Why did Marcela say that it was pretty scary when she arrived in London? 4)When did Marcela have her first interview and how many did she have altogether? 5)How highly did Marcela think of her experience working in London? 2.Language Points:
1)experience: v.suffer, feel, or know e.g.He experienced great difficulty in getting a visa to the leave the country.The child had never experienced kindne.n.knowledge or skill which comes from practice rather than from books e.g.You have the chance to gain valuable work experience.I know from my own experience how difficult this kind of work can be.2)open: not completely decided e.g.Try to keep an open mind on the subject until you have heard all the fact.The race is still wide open(= anyone could win).3)undertake: to take up or accept(a duty or piece of work, esp.one that is difficult or needs effort)e.g.undertake a miion, task, project, etc.She undertook the responsibility for the changes.She undertook the organization of the whole scheme.4)learn about: get to know about, become informed of e.g.I like reading historical stories because I learn about the lives that people led long ago.How did you learn about our product? 5)It is / was not … until: an emphatic pattern e.g.It wasn’t until 10 o’clock that he came back to his dorm.(At 10 o’clock he finally came back.)
6)orientation: an introduction, as a tour, that helps one to adjust to new surroundings or introductory instruction concerning a new situation e.g.The university required that all new students arrive early for a thirty-minute orientation to the library facilities.In many companies the orientation of new employees is the duty of the training office.7)… my financial resources were running low: I had not much money left.e.g.I was tired and my energy was running low.The gasoline in the car’s tank was running low.8)It turns out that: in the end, it happens to be …
e.g.It turned out that the person seated next to me on the train was one of my old friends.It turned out that my new job was much easier than I expected.9)participate in: be involved in e.g.It’s good for students to participate in a variety of activities.Some students are too shy to participate in the discuion.10)choose from: to pick out or select from a number of alternatives e.g.Students have many different majors to choose from.Drivers have many different brands of cars to choose from.11)adjust to: to make neceary changes in order to make right or make suitable for a particular purpose or situation e.g.Some people from small towns have trouble adjusting to the fast pace of urban life.After the kids become grown-ups the parents must adjust to having fewer people in the house.12)cover: to include;deal with;travel
e.g.Our trip covered only half of what the tour guide intended.The survey covers all aspects of the busine.13)get to learn / know: become familiar with
e.g.After you get to know him, you will find that he’s really quite nice.You will get to know and like the city more after you’ve lived here for a while.14)…while most of my friends were interviewing for “real world” jobs.… while they were looking for jobs and having interviews.15)I was pretty open about where to go and what kind of work to undertake.I didn’t have a specific idea as to where to go and what kind of work to take while facing several options.16)… there are many employers in many different fields to choose from.… there are many different types of jobs are available.17)I probably covered only half of what I intended.I probably visited only half of the places I wanted to travel.18)I would not hesitate for a second to recommend it to anyone.I’d readily and enthusiastically recommend it to anyone.3.Words and expreions abroad adv.to or in another country or countries 到国外，在国外
accommodation n.a place to live or work, house, flat, hotel room etc.住处，住所
advantage n.sth.that may help one to be succeful or to gain a favorable result有利条件，优势
a favorable condition resulting from a particular course of action,gain, 好处，长处，优点
aspect n a particular side of a many-sided situation, idea, plan, etc.（事态，想法，计划等的某个）方面 economical adj.using money, time, goods, etc.carefully and without any waste
经济的，节俭的，精打细算的employment n.the state of being employed
雇用，就业 paid work 职业，工作
expense n.cost esp.of money but also time or effort（时间，精力，金钱等的）, 消耗，消费
fax v.to send(copies of printed material, letters, pictures, etc.)using a system by which the information is sent in electronic form along a telephone line
传真传输（印刷品，信件，图片等）
hesitate v.to pause before taking an action or making a decision 踌躇，迟疑，犹豫（不决）
inquiry v.(an act of)asking for information 询问，打听
insurance n.agreement by contract to pay money to someone if something esp.a
misfortune such as illne, death, or an accident happens to them
保险
intend v.to have in one’s mind as a plan or purpose;mean(to do)计划，打算，想要
internationalize v.to make(sth.)international or bring under international control
使国际化
investigate v.to try to find out more information about, examine the reason for(sth.), the character of(someone)调查，侦查
opportunity n.a favorable moment or occasion(for doing sth.)机会，时机
★
orientation n.a position or direction 方向，方位； an introduction, as a tour, that helps one to adjust to new
surroundings, introductory instruction concerning a new situation熟悉适应的过程, 适应(新环境的)培训
▲
paycheck n.a check for the amount of wages a person earns工资
precisely adv.exactly 精确地，准确地，正好
recommend v.to praise as being good for a purpose;to provide information about(someone or sth.good)推荐，介绍
rent n.money paid regularly for the use of a room, building, television
set, piece of land, etc.（租用房屋，电视机，土地等的）租金
resource n.any of the poeions or qualities of a person, an organization, or esp.a country 物力，财力，资源
résumé
n.summary 简历，摘要
scare v.to cause sudden fear to, frighten 恐吓，使惊恐
tax n.money which must be paid to the government according to
income, property, goods bought, etc.税，税款
truly adv.exactly, in accordance with the truth 确实地，准确地，really 真正地
undertake v.(undertook, undertaken)to take up or accept(a duty or piece of work, esp.one that is difficult or needs effort).承担，接受
visa n.签证
workforce n.the people who work in a factory or in industry generally,considered as a group 劳动力，全体从业人员Phrases and Expreions as a result
consequently
结果
run low to have not much left(of sth.)减少, 所剩无几
so far up to now 迄今为止
turn out to happen to be 结果(是)
Proper Names
Merrill Lynch 美林(证券)
the Atlantic the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
Buckingham Palace the official residence of the British monarchs and some of their family白金汉宫
Step 3 Post-reading Tasks 1.Summarize the paage Summary: The student in the article decided to find a temporary job in another country before starting her career in her home country.So she entered a well-known program to place students in such jobs.After arriving in London, England she had to find a place to live and prepare to find a job.The program helps her but she had to do most of it on her own.After three interviews she accepted a job in an international bank and exposed her to a foreign culture, it also helped her develop the confidence to make other good decisions in the future.2.Check the answers of Ex.4, 5 and 6
Step 4 Aignments 1.Oral Practice---Talk about it 2.General writing---I Got the Job
Paage B Living on My Own(4 periods)Step 1 Pre-reading Tasks(15 Mins)1.Greetings and a brief revision Ask students to present their dialogues according to “Talk About It” 2.Lead-in questions: 1)When do you think you can live on your own? 1)What does the author think about living on his own? 3.Culture Notes: For Chinese students this may mean leaving home to attend college.Elsewhere, however, this may not provide enough independence to satisfy student desires for freedom from parents or other types of control.After all, colleges and dormitories have many rules and restrictions, such as limitations on when and where one can study.Noise and lack of privacy are additional complaints of dormitory residents everywhere.American students, in particular, are often eager to move off campus as soon as they can.This may occur as early as the sophomore year at most American colleges.Step 2 While-reading Tasks(75 mins)1.Read the paage as quickly as poible and try to answer the following questions: 1)Why did the author decide to leave home according to the paage? 2)How did the author feel after he lived on his own? 3)What can be included from the paage about the author? 4)What did the author think was the nicest thing in the world? 5)What does the paage mainly tell us?
2.Language points: 1)decide vi.& vt.: to make choice or judgment about sth., esp.after a period of not
knowing what to do or in a way that ends disagreement decide to do sth./ decide sth.e.g.Women now have greater freedom to decide whether or not to get married.decide in favor of / decide against e.g.After long discuion they decided in favor of the young candidate.It is always poible that the judge may decide against you.decide on sth.: to choose one thing from many poible choices e.g.We are still trying to decide on a venue.2)to have trouble(in)doing sth.: to have difficulty e g.Did you have much trouble dealing with the problem?
Do you have any trouble in finishing the task in time? 3)think about: be aware of sth.when you consider a fact or subject e.g.He thought about taking up a part-time job during the summer vacation.This chapter is important, so you should think about it as you read further.4)decisive: showing determination and firmne, resolute e.g.a decisive leader / a decisive action
She demonstrated a talent for quick, decisive action.a decisive step / role / battle, etc.: an action, event that has a powerful effect on
the final result of sth.e.g.Waterloo was the decisive battle of the entire war.He played a decisive role in the recent peace proce.5)creative: having the ability to produce new and original ideas, results, etc.e.g.He came up with a really creative solution to the problem.very imaginative and good at making things, painting, etc.e.g.You’re creative to make so fashionable clothes on your own.6)aign: to give someone a particular job or make them responsible for a particular person or thing e.g.Jane’s been aigned to the Asian Affairs Bureau.The teacher has aigned each of the students a holiday task.7)keep up with: rise at the same rate;inform oneself or learn about e.g.He studied very hard so that he could keep up with his clamates.I can’t keep up with all the changes in computer technology.8)fail to do: be unsucceful in sth.e.g.The report fails to mention the real cost of this experiment.9)now that: since
e.g.Now that you are a college student, you’d better live on your own.Now that you have finished the final examination, you may relax and take a break.10)to make one’s own decision: to decide by oneself e.g.I haven’t made my decision on that matter yet.They said they would not make their final decision until the election result came out.11)I have made rules for myself to follow:
e.g.The coach made rules for the team to follow.I made a rule never to prohibit anything without a good reason.12)in conclusion: used in a piece of writing or a speech to show that you are about
to finish what you are saying
e.g.In conclusion, I should like to thank all those who have worked so hard to bring about this result.conclusion: the end;a judgment or decision
e.g.I found the conclusion of his book very interesting.13)in addition: used when adding another fact to what has already been mentioned
e.g.Aunt Mary gave us sandwiches for our picnic and a bag of cookies in addition.14)appropriate: correct or suitable
e.g.At an appropriate moment I’ll offer the visitors some coffee.Your clothes are hardly appropriate for a job interview.15)at the same time: in the same moment
e.g.The two runners reached the finish line at the same time.in spite of the fact;even though
e.g.John did pa the test, at the same time, he did not know the subject very well.16)make use of: use or benefit from sth.or sb.e.g.Almost every student today can make use of a computer.The teacher told them that they had to make good use of their time.17)lead to: to cause;to have as a result
e.g.To be blind to this will lead to the gravest error.What do you think lead to his doom? 18)In addition, I think that it is appropriate for everyone in this world to love their parents and themselves before they love anyone else.Besides, I feel it is correct for everyone in this world to love their parents and themselves first and then love everyone else.19)I wrote a lot of songs and kept them in my notebook for any singer out there who might be interested.I wrote a lot of songs and kept them in a notebook for any other singer anywhere who might be interested.20)When I was with my parents I found it hard for me to be creative simply because I always followed their ideas.When I was living with my parents I found I was not creative because I was always ready to do what they told me to do.3.Words and expreions addition
n.the act of adding or combining sth.to or with sth.else 增加
appropriate
adj.correct or suitable for a particular time, situation, or purpose适当的；
合适的；正当的aign
v.to give sb.a particular job or make them responsible for a particular person or thing 指定(某人做一工作或任某职务)；委派，选派 ；to decide that something should be done at or during a particular time 指定，确定（时间, 地点）
authority
n.the power one has because of one’s official position or because people respect one’s knowledge and experience 权利，权威； the authorities are the people or organizations that are in charge of a particular country or area
领导，当局，官方
★ carve
v.to cut a large piece of cooked meat into smaller pieces using a big knife 把（熟肉）切成片； to cut shapes out of solid wood or stone 雕刻
conclusion
n.the end, a judgement or decision 结束；结尾
creative
adj.producing or using new and effective ideas, results etc.创造的；有创造性的someone who is creative is very imaginative and good at making things, painting etc.有创造力的★ decisive
adj.showing determination and firmne, resolute
果断的 坚定的, 有决断力的homesick
adj.feeling a great wish to be at home when one is away from it 想家的notebook
n．
a book made of plain paper on which you can write notes
笔记本
outcome
n．
the final result of a meeting, discuion, war etc, especially when no one knows what it will be until it actually happens 结果；效果
Phrases and Expreions
at the same time(as)in the same moment;together;however, but;neverthele
同时；一起；但是；然而
deal with to attend to(a problem, task, etc);to manage
处理（问题、任务）
fail to to be unsucceful in(sth.)
未能（做某事）
first of all most importantly
首先
get along with to have a harmonious or friendly relationship with sb.;to get on with 和睦相处
in addition(to)as an extra person, thing or circumstance
加之；除…之外
in conclusion lastly
最后
keep up with to rise at the same rate(as sth.);to inform oneself or learn about(the current events)赶上；追上
make use of to use or benefit from sth.or sb.使用；利用
now that since, because, now
由于…；既然…
Step 3 Post-reading Tasks(90 mins)1.Summarize the paage Summary: Leaving home for the first time, either to go to college or for some other reason, can be difficult.With no parents nearby, there are many new decisions to make on our own.Decisivene and creativity are both needed to make these decisions wisely.Plans and rules may be needed.But every day different situations may arise.It’s impoible to have a plan or a rule for every situation.That’s why creativity is also needed.Being away from home may teach some young people to appreciate their parents even more.2.Check the answers of Ex.12, 13 and 14
Section III Write and Produce(2 periods)Step 1 Revision(10mins)
Dictation of words and phrases in Paage A and B Step 2 Grammar(35 mins)Consistency of Verb Tenses We use the verb tense to indicate the particular time of an action, event or condition.When we want to describe a number of actions or events, we will use different tenses in a sentence, a paragraph and a whole composition.Neceary changes in verb tense help readers understand the relationships among various events.But if we make unneceary or inconsistent shifts in tenses, it will cause misunderstanding.Generally, we keep one tense as the main tense and indicate changes of time by changing tenses relative to that primary tense.Step 3 Practical Writing(45 mins)Bank Account Form There are several kinds of accounts available, such as regular savings accounts, certificates of deposit, joint accounts, and trust accounts.Step 4 Aignments Suppose you want to open a 6-month individual certificate of deposit by yourself(not jointly or in trust for someone else).(When you sign the form)you promise now to withdraw the money for at least 6 months or you will have to pay a penalty.Try to fill out the form.
