The story of English演讲稿由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“五分钟经典英语演讲稿”。
The story of English
Good morning(or afternoon)my dear clamates, this is Su Huiting, and I am honored to stand here to share my story with you all today.As we all know a language is product of history and civilization, so what I am gonna tell is the story of English, hoping you will like it.United Kingdom history is very much on history of alien conquerors;similarly, English is the language of foreign conquerors to a large extent.The first owner of the island of Britain, was from the Celtic on continental Europe, and they spoke Celtic languages.And in the 2nd century AD, Roman came in Britain, they spoke Latin.And at that time, English did not exist yet
Until the 5th century, Roman withdrew the British Island while
Anglo-Saxon Germanic people landed in, and told them the Anglo-Saxon languages, which is the origin of the modern English.This means that English appeared, though known as old English, closer to Germanic languages.However, Anglo-Saxon man was the barbarians, and their language was relatively simple, not delicate.It was in 597 when Pope decided to send priests to go to Britain to establish the Church , which made United
Kingdom civilization greatly enhanced.On influence of the exquisite Latin, the two quickly fused together.This was a major event in English history
Well then, Christianity came to Britain in the late 6th century AD, which was another great event in English history, marked that English began to be influenced by Latin.And this was the first cultural invasion;From 793 AD, the Viking started invading Britain.On the Arrival of the Vikings, English was strongly influenced by Nordic language until the medium term of the 9th century.Then, there came the third invasion in 1066, when the Normandy Duke of France invaded Britain, and eventually managed to control a United Kingdom, becoming William the 1st.He cleaned the United Kingdom's Imperial Court and the Church, with all the
important positions held by the French, and they all spoke French.And it is said that invasion of the French influence English greater than any other event in English history.As a matter of fact, in the following 200 years and even more, the United Kingdom social language situation was like this: Government and aristocracy spoke French, Latin was enjoyed by religious and cultural undertakings, and the underlying people continued in English.Even today, it is still fashionable for the British to speak a little French
But how did English survived？I wondered
The reason why English survive and eventually replaced the French position in the situation that the upper community is French-speaking and Latin-speaking, are as follows:
First of all, before the Norman Conquest, the old English had been established both in speaking and writing among the people.It was easy to
record in Latin and French but hard to forbidden English being spoken among the populace.Actually speaking, it was clear that British people will not be willing to keep away from English just because of a foreigner’s dominating
Secondly, the Normans began to marry the local people almost immediately when they arrived.As you can imagine a scenario where a small Norman Knights lived in a small Manor in the country, people around him, say, farmers, maids, butler who kept his estate, were all british, how could he survive and manage his peoplewithout speaking a little English?
The third reason, which was perhaps the most important one, that is, in 1204, because of the reckle, the King's military failed to continue controlling Normandy.Many of those norman nobles who owned lands and position in both countries were obliged to decide their allegiance to France or to the United Kingdom.Until about the early 13th century, United Kingdom began to appear in the official documents of English words.At the end of 13th century, King Edward the 1st began to incite the public against the law, status of English was solided further.With the war in1337-1454 between United Kingdom and France occurred, it was a great stimulus to choose English or French for the people.Besides, there emerged a mysterious disease named “black death” at the same time and it caused so many deaths in monasteries and churches that a new generation of semi-education and functionally
illiterate, who could not speak French and Latin, had totake over their predeceors.After the black death, school students began using English rather than French to explain their leons.At this time, English has begun to appear in all levels of society.In 1356, the Mayor of London ordered, the Court applied English.In 1362, the Parliament announced to hold meetings in English.And in 1381, Richard the 2ed spoke to farmers in English.Thus, Status of English established and last then
That’s my story.Thanks, for your listening.Thank you ^^
大致中文意思：
读了那么多年的英语，由此对英语语言的形成发展史第一次产生了浓厚的兴趣，英国是一个海岛。英国的历史很大程度上就是外来征服者的历史；同样的，英语很大程度上也就是外来征服者的语言。
不列颠岛上，最早是有原始人的，但是历史记载中丝毫没有提到他们。这个海岛的第一个主人，是从欧洲大陆上过去的凯尔特人，他们讲凯尔特语。公元2世纪，罗马人驻军不列颠，他们讲拉丁语。罗马人比凯尔特人文明得多，两者根本无法融合，所以那时还不存在英语。
公元5世纪，罗马人撤离不列颠，然后日耳曼人中的盎格鲁－萨克森人登陆不列颠，他们讲盎格鲁－萨克森语，这就是现代英语的起源。英语和德语在语言学上是同源的。这就是说，英语是在公元6世纪开始出现的，那时的英语被称为古英语，更接近日耳曼语。
盎格鲁－萨克森人也是蛮人，语言比较简单，不精致，只能用于描述日常生活，没法传达思想感情和进行文学创作。英语历史上的一件大事就是，公元597年，罗马教皇格列高利一世决定派遣教士去不列颠岛建立教会。这一举动使得英国的文明程度大大提升，它不再是欧洲大陆以外的一个蛮夷海岛，粗俗的盎格鲁－萨克森语受到精致的拉丁语的熏陶，两者迅速融合在一起。这是英语发展史上的第一件大事。
出生于公元672年或673年的比德（St Bede the Venerable），是英国历史上第一个历史学家，他写了英国历史上的第一本史书《英吉利教会史》，记载了基督教会在英国最早的一些活动。大家可以想像，基督教正式来到英国是公元597年，比德这本书离这个日期只相差100多年，对于了解英国当时的状况可谓是最珍贵的史料。
英语史上的三次文化入侵
公元6世纪末基督教会来到不列颠岛，这是英语史上的一件大事，标志着英语开始受到拉丁语的影响。英语原本是盎格鲁－萨克森语，属于日耳曼语的一种。拉丁语的传入是它受到的第一次文化入侵，以后这样的“侵略”还发生过两次。从公元793年开始，北欧的维京人（Viking）开始入侵不列颠岛。到了9世纪中期，几乎半个英格兰都落入了维京人手里。北欧海盗的到来，使得英语受到了北欧语的强烈影响。
1066年，法国的诺曼底公爵入侵不列颠岛，最终成功得控制了英国全国，成为威廉一世。他清洗了英国的朝廷和教会，所有重要的职位都由法国人担任，上层所有的交流都用法语。用一个学者的话说，法国人入侵这件事“对英语的影响比
英语史上任何其他事件都更大”。从此，法语对英语产生了极其巨大的影响，这就是英语受到的第三次文化入侵。
此后的200多年中，英国社会的语言状况是这样的：政府和贵族说法语，宗教和文化事业用拉丁语，底层的老百姓继续用英语。直到今天，英国人说一点法语，都是时髦的表现。
经过这三次文化入侵，英语的词汇就变的非常丰富。
英语地位的确立，中世纪
当时的情况是，法语是官方语言，英语成了二等语言，很有可能从此就消失了。在社会上层都讲法语和拉丁语的情况下，英语还能生存下来，并最终取代法语的位臵，有这样几个原因：
首先，在诺曼征服之前，古英语的书面语和口语都已经确立了，有了群众基础。“用拉丁语和法语来做书面记录是一回事，但要把英国普通老百姓讲的话根除，这得要法国人统治几百年才做得到。说英语的人在人口统计学上占有绝对优势。从实际上讲，显而易见，英国人不会紧紧因为被外国人统治就不再说英语了。” 其次，英语之所以幸存，是因为诺曼人几乎立刻就开始与被他们征服的人通婚了。可以想像这样一种情形，一个诺曼小骑士住在英国乡间一座小庄园中，周围都是英国农民，由英国侍女为他服侍，英国管家料理他的地产，他的孩子则跟英国孩子在一起玩耍。他要想生存下去，平息他下属臣民的怨气，就得学一点儿英文。第三个原因也许是最重要的原因，即1204年，由于英皇军事上的鲁莽，失去了对法国诺曼底领土的控制。许多在两个国家都拥有土地并且在两国之间跑来跑去的诺曼贵族迫不得已，要宣布自己究竟效忠法国还是英国。
大约在13世纪早期，英国的官方文件中开始出现了英语单词。13世纪末，英皇爱德华一世开始挑动民众的反法情绪，英语的地位进一步稳固。1337到1454年，英国同法国打起了百年战争，这为说英语而不是法语提供了强大的刺激。
与此同时，由于一种名叫“黑死病”的神秘疾病的爆发，使劳动力锐减，改善并加速提高了英国工人的地位（这一过程最终在1381年的农民起义中达到顶点）。它在修道院和教堂造成了如此之多的死亡，以至新一代的半受教育半文盲，不会说法语和拉丁语的人能够作为男修道院院长和小修道院女院长来接管他们的前任。黑死病之后，学校学生开始用英语而非法语来解释他们上的法语课和拉丁语课。
这时候，英语已经开始出现在社会的各个层面。1356年，伦敦市长下令，法庭应用英语审案。1362年，议会用英语宣布开会。1381年，理查二世用英语对农民讲话。英语的地位就这样确立了。
