摘要《从语用学角度分析美国校园毕业演讲中的言语幽默》由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“美国大学毕业演讲稿”。
Abstract Many linguists have studied verbal humor from the perspective of pragmatics and have helped bring humor research into a new stage.Universally acknowledged，public speech is one of the most effective and significant ways to communicate among people.Through the public speech the speakers may be able to declare opinions，expre emotions，and inspire the audience．Though many scholars have done research on verbal humor and public speeches from various perspectives，the research on the humor in public speeches is far from enough．Therefore，the perception and interpretation of the verbal humor in public speeches is a very meaningful research topic．
In the present thesis，a qualitative research is conducted on the verbal humor of commencement speeches in the U．S．and the mechanism of verbal humor generation is analyzed Under the theoretical framework of the three pragmatic theories：the Cooperative Principle，the PolitenePrinciple and Relevance Theory．Through the analysis in the present thesis，it points out that humorous effects could be achieved by violation of the maxims of Cooperative Principle，abiding the maxims of the Politene Principle and the gap between the maximal relevance and the optimal relevance and the different cognitive context between the speaker and the hearer．Neither of the Cooperative Principle，the Politene Principle and the Relevance Theory alone could analyze all humorous utterances．Thus，the three pragmatic theories should be integrated to interpret the mechanism of humor generation． Theoretically, it broadens the studying scope of verbal humor by focusing the humor in the commencement speeches，and proves the explanatory power of pragmatic theories in the studies of humor and public speeches．Practically, it could not only help listeners to better appreciate the humor in the commencement speeches，but also help the learners of public speaking create more humorous utterances in the daily life，especially in making public speeches．
Key words：verbal humor；commencement speeches；Cooperative Principle；Politene Principle；Relevance Theory
摘要
自二十世纪八十年代以来，许多语言学家开始从语用学的角度研究言语幽默，并将幽默的研究带入一个新的领域。众所周知，公共演讲是一种有效重要的传播载体。通过公共演讲，演讲者能够阐述想法，表达意见，抒发情感，激励观众。有许多学者从不同方面对言语幽默和演讲进行了探讨，但关于公共演讲中的幽默现象的分析研究较少。因此，对公众演讲中的言语幽默进行进一步的研究是完全有必要，并且具有重要的意义。
本文采用定性研究的方法，在合作原则、礼貌原则和关联理论这三大语用学理论的理论框架下，以美国毕业典礼演讲中的幽默现象为语料，来研究言语幽默的产生机制。本文通过研究发现：违反合作原则、遵循礼貌原则、最大关联和最佳关联的偏差以及说话人和听话人认知语境的不同都可以产生言语幽默。但语用学中单一种语用学理论不能全面合理地解释言语幽默产生的机制，因此，应综合这三种语用学理论来研究幽默的产生机制。
通过研究校园毕业演讲中的幽默现象，此研究拓展了言语幽默的研究范围，理论上证明了语用学理论在幽默研究和公共演讲上的解释力。在实践方面，不仅能帮助听众更好地理解毕业演讲中的幽默，同时帮助演讲爱好者在日常生活以及公共演讲活动中创造出更多幽默语言。
关键词：言语幽默；毕业演讲；合作原则；礼貌原则；关联理论
