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文明就餐，健康成长
Dining elegantly and growing healthily 尊敬的老师，亲爱的同学们，早上好!Dear teachers and schoolfellows, good morning!今天，我讲话的题目是:文明就餐，健康成长!Today, My topic is Dining elegantly and growing healthily
文明不是一个空洞的概念，它体现在生活的每一个细节之中。饭堂和餐桌，就是最能体现一个人，乃至一个民族的个人素养和文明程度的窗口之一。下边，我主要从家庭聚餐和饭堂就餐两个方面谈谈文明就餐应该注意的细节：
As for elegancy, it can be embodied in our daily life.The manners at table in the dining hall are a symbol of the quality of a person as well as a nation.Now, I will mention some details about table manners in our family get-together and in the dining hall.细节1.让长辈先动碗筷用餐，或听到长辈说:“大家开始吃吧”，再动筷。夹菜时，应就近夹起，不要从靠别人的一边夹起，更不能用筷子在菜盘子里翻来倒去地“寻寻觅觅”，眼睛也不要老盯着菜盘子，一次夹菜也不宜太多。遇到自己爱吃的菜，不可如风卷残云一般地猛吃一气，要顾及同桌的父母和姐弟。如果盘中的菜已不多，你又想把它“打扫”干净，应征询一下同桌人的意见，别人都表示不吃了，你才可以把它吃光。
Detail 1: when dining, we should start to have dinner after the elder.Then, when picking up food, please start from the food around you, never use your chopsticks to choose food and leave some yummy food to your family members.Finally, Don’t finish all the food up immediately unle you get the permiion of tablemates.细节2: 要闭嘴咀嚼，细嚼慢咽。一次不要放入太多的食物进口，这不仅有利于消化，也是餐桌上的礼仪要求。用餐的动作要文雅。夹菜时，不要碰到邻座，不要把盘里的菜拨到桌子上，不要把汤碗弄翻，不要将菜汤滴到桌子上。嘴角沾有饭粒，要用餐纸或餐巾轻轻抹去，不要用舌头去舔。咀嚼饭菜，嘴里不要发出“呱叽呱叽”的声音。口含食物，最好不要与别人交谈，开玩笑要有节制，以免口中食物喷出来，或者呛入气管，造成危险；确实需要与人谈话时，应轻声细语。
Detail 2: Chew with your mouth closed.Do not put too much food in your mouth at a time.Try to dine in a civilized way, such as avoiding touching others, leaving the leftovers on the tray and don’t spill the soup.When food is stained on your face, wipe it gently.Never make strange noise while eating.Don’t speak with your mouth full of food.If you really want to talk, please in a low voice.细节3: 吐出的骨头、鱼刺、菜渣，要用筷子或手取接出来，放在自己的盘子里，不能直接吐到桌面上或地面上。如果要咳嗽，打喷嚏，要用手或餐巾纸捂住嘴，并把头转向侧后方。吃饭嚼到沙粒或嗓子里有痰时，要离开餐桌去吐掉。吃饭过程中，要尽量自己添饭，并能主动给长辈添饭、夹菜。遇到长辈给自己添饭、夹菜时，要道谢。吃饭时要精神集中，所谓“食勿语，寝勿言”；边吃饭边看电视或书报是不良的习惯，既不卫生，又影响食物的消化吸收，还会损伤视力。
Detail 3: Use your chopsticks or hands to get bones, vegetable residue out of your mouth, not spit directly to the desktop or on the ground.Cover coughs and sneezes with a mask or a tiue.If you must spit during the meal, please leave the table.Learn to serve yourself and offer help to the elderly.Focus on your food when you are at table.It’s bad habits to watch TV or read books and newspapers while eating.细节4: 饭堂就餐，还要做到排队取餐，不插队，不拥挤，不高声喧哗，更不可追逐打闹。要听从生活老师的临时指导，做到文明有序；要响应学校“光盘行动”的号召，取放餐具要轻拿轻放，吃多少取多少，不剩饭菜，“一粥一饭，当思来之不易”。还应做到《弟子规》中所言“对饮食，勿拣择；食适可，勿过则”。
Detail 4: While waiting to take food, do not jump the queue or elbow the way forward or make much noise or chase after each other.Follow the life guidance teachers and behave elegantly Take the tableware gently in response to the school’s call of “Clear Your Plate” campaign, and take only as much without wasting the least.Just do as Standards for Students says, eat just enough to get full and never take more than you need.最后，我还想向同学们倡议：拒绝外卖。学校的饭菜都是干净卫生且符合营养均衡标准的，不能凭一时的口感痛快而和垃圾食品做朋友，要听从父母、老师的意见，能在学校就餐的就不在校外就餐，并能理性地和一系列的垃圾食品说再见。
Finally, I’d like to put forward a proposal to refuse takeaway.All the meals of our school are clean meeting nutrition standards.Take the advice from our parents and teachers without eating any junk food.让我们一起努力，做到文明就餐，健康成长吧！我的讲话完了，谢谢大家！
Now, let’s try together, dining elegantly and growing healthily That’s all.Thank you all!
