HND 商法outcome2_我的总结由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“hnd商法报告”。
Case 1
1．Can Samir spend only 150 pounds to buy the golf set? 首先 Samir本没有与Fairways公司就购买Matsumoto golf成立合同，假使他想要购买那套高尔夫球具，那么他必须支付1500英镑，这是因为橱窗展示的仅仅是一个要约要请，而不是要约。一下选一个案例来区分一下要约要请与要约的不同
Carlill v Carbolic Smokeball co【1893】
Harvey v Facey 【1893】
Fisher v Bell 【1961】
Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain v Boots Cash Chemists 【1953】
2．What are the chances of Susan being succeful if she goes ahead and sues Samir for the cost of her new designer outfit, the cost of her taxi fare and the disappointment caused? Susan 假使决定要起诉Samir并要求赔偿他的服装费用，乘出租车的费用以及精神损失费的话，那么Susan 将不可能获得胜诉，这是因为Susan和Samir 的晚餐约定属于一个社会交往关系（social agreement）而不是合同关系
合同关系事当双方要约与承诺结合的时候，便成立了一种对双方有效的并有约束力的关系，更因为Susan与Samir 的约定不属于合同关系，自然地，Susan 就不能从Samir 那边得到法律救济（legal remedy）
类似Susan 与 Samir 的约定的关系有
Agreements binding in honor only（授予荣誉称号的约定）Domestic agreements（家庭协议）
Gambling or wagering agreements（打赌或 赌博的合同）Social agreements（社会交往的承诺）从以下案例中选一个来说明以上这些关系 Jones v Vernon’s pools [1938] Robertson v Balfour 【1938】
3．Is Dougie Campbell entitled to cancel its offer the build a conservatory and patio for Samir? Dougie Campbell 可以向Samir 取消这个要约，这是因为一个合同的成立必须是承诺人将承诺的通知有效的通知到要约人的手里才能成立，特别是当使用了instantaneous methods（瞬间）的方式通知对方的时候，例如使用了传真，电报，email 或者电话等方式发出承诺时，必须确认对方已收到了你的信息才能成立，本案中，Samir并没有将承诺的通知有效通知到Dougie Campbell，导致了要约人没有收到要约，双方因此并不成立的合同。选一个案例
Verdin Brothers v Robertson 【1871】
Entores ltd v Miles Far Eastern Corpn 【1955】 Brinkibon v Stahag Stahl 【1982】
4．Can Samir insist that sell car to him for 4500 pounds.Samir 没有权力要求Stuart 将汽车以 4500英镑的价格卖给他，是因为当Samir给Stuart发出4000英镑的反要约的时候。实际上已经过原来的要约产生了一个撤销的作用（新要约或反要约会对原要约产生撤销的作用）.并且这个反要约已经被Susan 拒绝，所以双方并没有成立合同，Samir 可以另找买家.Case 2 1)How would you claify Robert’s statement to Christine in relation to the condition of the car? Robert has made a misleading statement to Christine in order to induce or encourage her to purchase the car.Such statements are known in law as a misrepresentation.There are four types of misrepresentation.(P27)(Identify the nature of misrepresentation that)毫无疑问是fraudulent in nature, for example: There was conscious dishonesty a deliber attempt to deceive.This misrepresentation encouraged Christine to enter into the contract in order for her to be able to sue Robert.If Robert can show that his false statement had no influence on Christine’s decision to buy the car, a legal action for misrepresentation would fail.In support of their answer, the examples from case law regarding misrepresentation.1． Robert 对Christine 的行为属于一个虚假的陈述（misleading statement）其目的是为了让Christine 购买这辆车，而虚假陈述分为三种情况： Innocent
negligent
fraudulent 而Robert 的虚假陈述属于fraudulent misleading South v Sim 【1945】
2)What is the status of the contract between Christine and Marvelous Motors? The contract between Christine and Marvellous Motors is potentially voidable due to the fact that the misrepresentation induced Christine to purchase the car in the first glance.The following cases are examples of attempts by the innocent Attwood v Small(1838)
Smith v Sim(1954)Erlanger v New Sombrero phosphate co(1878)由于Christine 是经由Marvellous Motors 的员工Robert 的欺诈性陈述才成立的合同，因此，Christine 作为一个没有过错并受到虚假陈述的一方当事人（the innocent party），可以主张合同无效，3)What legal remedies are available to Christine in respect of the fraudulent misrepresentation? Cancellation of the contract
Cancellation of the contract and an award of damages Retention of contract and an award of damages
因为是诈骗行为，所以用以上方式。
As far as the nature of fraudulent misrepresentation is concerned, she could choose either of the following.Christine 由于受到了fraudulent misrepresentation，因此可以要求以下几种法律救济（legal remedy）
1． Resciion or cancellation of the contract
2． Resciion or cancellation of the contract and an award of damages 3.Retention of the contract and an award of damages
假使当事人只有做出了善意的错误陈述innocent misrepresentation
那么对方当事人只能要求resciion or cancellation of contract。不能要求赔偿损失
Boyd & Forrest v Glasgow & south-western railway co 【1915】
Smith v Sim(1954)
Case 3 1.List the legal remedies available to an innocent party who has suffered a breach o f contract The principle remedies for breach of contract are as follows: Damages
Specific implement Resciion Retention and lien 违反合同的主要救济有以下几种 Damages 赔偿损失
Specific implement 特别履行 Resciion 废除合同
Retention and lien 继续维持合同并要求提供担保
2.What is the most appropriate remedy that Alasdair should seek from the courts in this situation? The most appropriate remedy for Alasdair to seek from the courts in this instance would be specific implant given the fact that the subject matter of the contract has a unique value.Alasdair cannot go elsewhere and purchase the same painting.There is only one painting that Alasdair can purchase.specific implement 是一种公平的并且有限制的救济，法院并不总是同意这种救济，原因是这这种救济必须是在适当的（appropriate）并且可能的情况下才会被法院准许.最适合Alasdair 的就是specific implement，这是因为合同的subject matter 有着独一无二的价值，这是因为Alasdair 无法在其他地方再购买到相同的画 specific implement 是一种公平的并且有限制的救济，法院并不总是同意这种救济，原因是这这种救济必须是在适当的（appropriate）并且可能的情况下才会被法院准许 Anderson v Pringle of Scotland 【1998】
Case 4 1 what is the status of Karen’s contract with her busine customers.Karen’s contract with her busine customers has now been terminated on the ground of offending the law.The contract is effectively terminated in certain occasions suspended during the period in which it is illegal for the parties perform their contractual obligations.Karen与他的顾客之间的合同因为后发违法（supervening illegality）而必须被终止，这是因为议会已经通过了禁止的命令，假使双方在继续履行合同义务的时候将会违反法律，所以双方所订立的合同必须终止。
Stevenson & sons ltd v AG Fur Cartonnagen Industries 【1918】 James B Fraser & co., ltd v Denny Mott & Dickson ltd 【1944】
