神奇TED由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“ted技术”。
TED演讲：坠机让我学到的三件事
当事乘客5分钟TED演说，RicElias讲述全美航空1549号航班迫降事件对他人生的重大改变。灾难到来时，我们会发现看似普通的日常生活是多么可贵。生活中的挫折往往不期而至，一个人到应当用怎样的心态面对这个世界？以后每一次分开，都要好好道别，像这是最后一次见面一样。
意外和明天不知道哪个会先来。人活着是偶然，而死亡是必然。我们永远都不知道，每一天是不是自己的最后一天，所以问问自己每分每秒是活的畅快？还是纠结？对于生命，除了生死是大事，其余都是小事！什么值得执着？什么应放下？珍惜每分每秒，人生不过3万多天还有多少时间可以挥霍？
期待马航上的每一个人都将平安归来。things I learned while my plane crashed: Ric Elias on TED.com
Ric Elias had a front-row seat on Flight 1549, the plane that crash-landed in the Hudson River inNew York in January 2009.What went through his mind as the doomed plane went down? AtTED, he tells his story publicly for the first time.Speaker’s biography:
Why you should listen to him: Born in Puerto Rico, Ric Elias came to the United States for collegeknowing little English, as he writes in his online bio.So what did he do? “I adjusted my schedule andtook only claes that dealt with numbers my entire first year,” he says.“I'd always been decent atmath, and things like calculus and accounting were non-lingual.I was able to buy some time toimprove my English skills.” His facility with numbers has led to a wide-ranging career in busine andfinance.Elias is the CEO and co-founder of Red Ventures, a firm that helps large service companies acquirenew customers online.He began his career in General Electric Co.'s Aerospace Division, thenworked at the marketing services company CUC International(later known as Cendant).Prior tofounding Red Ventures, Ric served as president of Spark Network Services, a promotion and datacompany held by Cendant.事件背景：
全美航空1549号班机 是一班从纽约拉瓜迪亚机场到北卡罗莱纳州的夏洛特，再飞往西雅图的每日航班。该航班在2009年1月15日那天起飞后六分钟在纽约哈德逊河紧急迫降。该航班在起飞后90秒攀升到3200英呎，机组员从无线电报告说他们的空中客车A320因鸟击而让两个引擎都失去动力，机上人员全数生还。文本：
Imagine a big explosion as you climb through 3,000 ft.Imagine a plane full of smoke.Imagine anengine going clack, clack, clack, clack, clack, clack, clack.It sounds scary.想像一个大爆炸，当你在三千多英尺的高空；想像机舱内布满黑烟，想像引擎发出喀啦、喀啦、喀啦、喀啦、喀啦的声响，听起来很可怕。
Well I had a unique seat that day.I was sitting in 1D.I was the only one who can talk to the flightattendants.So I looked at them right away, and they said, “No problem.We probably hit somebirds.” The pilot had already turned the plane around, and we weren't that far.You could seeManhattan.那天我的位置很特別，我坐在1D，我是唯一可以和空服员说话的人，于是我立刻看着他们，他们说，“没问题，我们可能撞上鸟了。” 机长已经把机头转向，我们离目的地很近，已经可以看到曼哈顿了。
Two minutes later, 3 things happened at the same time.The pilot lines up the plane with theHudson River.That's usually not the route.He turns off the engines.Now imagine being in a planewith no sound.And then he says 3 words-the most unemotional 3 words I've ever heard.He says, “Brace for impact.”两分钟以后，三件事情同时发生：机长把飞机对齐哈德逊河，一般的航道可不是这样。他关上引擎。想像坐在一架没有声音的飞机上。然后他说了几个字，我听过最不带情绪的几个字，他说，“即将迫降，小心冲击。”
I didn't have to talk to the flight attendant anymore.I could see in her eyes, it was terror.Life wasover.我不用再问空服员什么了。我可以在她眼神里看到恐惧，人生结束了。Now I want to share with you 3 things I learned about myself that day.现在我想和你们分享那天我所学到的三件事。
I leant that it all changes in an instant.We have this bucket list, we have these things we want todo in life, and I thought about all the people I wanted to reach out to that I didn't, all the fences Iwanted to mend, all the experiences I wanted to have and I never did.As I thought about thatlater on, I came up with a saying, which is, “collect bad wines”.Because if the wine is ready and theperson is there, I'm opening it.I no longer want to postpone anything in life.And that urgency,that purpose, has really changed my life.在那一瞬间内，一切都改变了。我们的人生目标清单，那些我们想做的事，所有那些我想联络却没有联络的人，那些我想修补的围墙，人际关系，所有我想经历却没有经历的事。之后我回想那些事，我想到一句话，那就是，“我收藏的酒都很差。” 因为如果酒已成熟，分享对象也有，我早就把把酒打开了。我不想再把生命中的任何事延后，这种紧迫感、目标性改变了我的生命。The second thing I learnt that dayI thought about, wow, I really feel one real regret, I've lived a good life.In myown humanity and mistaked, I've tired to get better at everything I tried.But in my humanity, Ialso allow my ego to get in.And I regretted the time I wasted on things that did not matter withpeople that matter.And I thought about my relationship with my wife, my friends, with people.And after, as I reflected on that, I decided to eliminate negative energy from my life.It's notperfect, but it's a lot better.I've not had a fight with my wife in 2 years.It feels great.I no longertry to be right;I choose to be happy.那天我学到的第二件事是，正当我们通过乔治华盛顿大桥，那也没过多久，我想，哇，我有一件真正后悔的事。虽然我有人性缺点，也犯了些错，但我生活得其实不错。我试着把每件事做得更好。但因为人性，我难免有些自我中心，我后悔竟然花了许多时间，和生命中重要的人讨论那些不重要的事。我想到我和妻子、朋友及人们的关系，之后，回想这件事时，我决定除掉我人生中的负面情绪。还没完全做到，但确实好多了。过去两年我从未和妻子吵架，感觉很好，我不再尝试争论对错，我选择快乐。
The third thing I learnedfirst-grade, not much artistc talent...yet.And I 'm balling, I'm crying, like a little kid.And it made all the sense in the world to me.Irealized at that point by connecting those two dots, that the only thing that matters in my life isbeing a great dad.Above all, above all, the only goal I have in life is to be a good dad.一个月后，我参加女儿的表演，她一年级，没什么艺术天份，就算如此。我泪流满面，像个孩子，这让我的世界重新有了意义。当当时我意识到，将这两件事连接起来，其实我生命中唯一重要的事，就是成为一个好父亲，比任何事都重要，比任何事都重要，我人生中唯一的目标就是做个好父亲。
I was given the gift of a miracle, of not dying that day.I was given another gift, which was to beable to see into the future and come back and live differently.那天我经历了一个奇迹，我活下來了。我还得到另一个启示，像是看见自己的未来再回來，改变自己的人生。I challenge you guys that are flying today, imagine the same thing happens on your planebut imagine, and how would you change? What would you get done that you'rewaiting to get done because you think you'll be here forever? How would you change yourrelationtships and the negative energy in them? And more than anything, are you being the bestparent you can?我鼓励今天要坐飞机的各位，想像如果你坐的飞机出了同样的事，最好不要－但想像一下，你会如何改变？有什么是你想做却没做的，因为你觉得你有其它机会做它？你会如何改变你的人际关系，不再如此负面？最重要的是，你是否尽力成为一个好父母？ Thank you.谢谢。
TED演讲：互联网怎样使人们变得亲密
Stefana Broadbent: How the Internet enablesintimacy
当我们担心即时通讯IM，发文本信息，Facebook在破坏人们的亲密关系时，但Stefana Broadbent的研究表明通信技术使得人们增进更亲密关系，并跨越距离和工作规则的障碍，给人们以爱的关怀。
Stefana Broadbent watches us while we talk(and IM, and text).She is one of a new cla of ethnographers who study the way our social habits and relationshipsfunction and mutate in the digital age.Why you should listen to her:
Stefana Broadbent, a cognitive scientist, has spent decades observing people as they usetechnology, both at home and in complex workspaces such as air-traffic control towers.She looksat the way we use our brand-new tools, and at the evolving practices for each tool(for instance,you might phone your mother, but text your spouse;IM with a co-worker, but tweet amongfriends)that speak volumes on the way we think about our relationships.Using traditional and evolving ethnographic practices in her work, most recently for Swicom andnow as a Fellow at the new Digital Anthropology department at University College in London, shehas made some surprising findings.Did you know, for instance, that many of us now write to ourfriends more often than we talk to them? Or that even the most hardened road warriors prefer todo “real” work at their own desks?
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I believe that there are new, hidden tensions that are actually happening between people andinstitutions--institutions that are the institutions that people inhabit in their daily life: schools,hospitals, workplaces, factories, offices, etc.And something that I see happening is something thatI would like to call a sort of “democratization of intimacy.” And what do I mean by that? I mean that what people are doing is, in fact, they are sort of, withtheir communication channels, they are breaking an imposed isolation that these institutions areimposing on them.How are they doing this? They're doing it in a very simple way, by calling theirmom from work, by IMing from their office to their friends, by texting under the desk.The pictures that you're seeing behind me are people that I visited in the last few months.And Iasked them to come along with the person they communicate with most.And somebody broughta boyfriend, somebody a father.One young woman brought her grandfather.For 20 years, I'vebeen looking at how people use channels such as email, the mobile phone, texting, etc.What we'reactually going to see is that, fundamentally, people are communicating on a regular basis with five,six, seven of their most intimate sphere.Now, lets take some data.Facebook.Recently some sociologists from Facebook--Facebook is thechannel that you would expect is the most enlargening of all channels.And an average user, saidCameron Marlow, from Facebook, has about 120 friends.But he actually talks to, has two-wayexchanges with, about four to six people on a regular base, depending on his gender.Academicresearch on instant meaging also shows 100 people on buddy lists, but fundamentally peoplechat with two, three, four--anyway, le than five.My own research on cellphones and voice callhows that 80 percent of the calls are actually made to four people.80 percent.And when you go to Skype, it's down to two people.A lot of sociologists actually are quitedisappointed.I mean, I've been a bit disappointed sometimes when I saw this data and all thisdeployment, just for five people.And some sociologists actually feel that it's a closure, it's acocooning, that we're disengaging from the public.And I would actually, I would like to show youthat if we actually look at who is doing it, and from where they're doing it, actually there is anincredible social transformation.There are three stories that I think are quite good examples.Thefirst gentleman, he's a baker.And so he starts working every morning at four o'clock in themorning.And around eight o'clock he sort of sneaks away from his oven, cleans his hands fromthe flour and calls his wife.He just wants to wish her a good day, because that's the start of herday.And I've heard this story a number of times.A young factory worker who works night shifts, who manages to sneak away from the factoryfloor, where there is CCTV by the way, and find a corner, where at 11 o'clock at night he can callhis girlfriend and just say goodnight.Or a mother who, at four o'clock, suddenly manages to find acorner in the toilet to check that her children are safely home.Then there is another couple, thereis a Brazilian couple.They've lived in Italy for a number of years.They Skype with their families afew times a week.But once a fortnight, they actually put the computer on their dining table, pullout the webcam and actually have dinner with their family in Sao Paulo.And they have a big eventof it.And I heard this story the first time a couple of years ago from a very modest family of immigrantsfrom Kosovo in Switzerland.They had set up a big screen in their living room, and every morningthey had breakfast with their grandmother.But Danny Miller, who is a very good anthropologistwho is working on Filipina migrant women who leave their children back in the Philippines, wastelling me about how much parenting is going on through Skype, and how much these mothersare engaged with their children through Skype.And then there is the third couple.They are twofriends.They chat to each other every day, a few times a day actually.And finally, finally, they'vemanaged to put instant meaging on their computers at work.And now, obviously, they have itopen.Whenever they have a moment they chat to each other.And this is exactly what we'vebeen seeing with teenagers and kids doing it in school, under the table, and texting under the tableto their friends.So, none of these cases are unique.I mean, I could tell you hundreds of them.But what is reallyexceptional is the setting.So, think of the three settings I've talked to you about: factory,migration, office.But it could be in a school, it could be an administration, it could be a hospital.Three settings that, if we just step back 15 years, if you just think back 15 years, when youclocked in, when you clocked in to an office, when you clocked in to a factory, there was nocontact for the whole duration of the time, there was no contact with your private sphere.If youwere lucky there was a public phone hanging in the corridor or somewhere.If you were inmanagement, oh, that was a different story.Maybe you had a direct line.If you were not, youmaybe had to go through an operator.But basically, when you walked into those buildings, the private sphere was left behind you.Andthis has become such a norm of our profeional lives, such a norm and such an expectation.Andit had nothing to do with technical capability.The phones were there.But the expectation wasonce you moved in there your commitment was fully to the task at hand, fully to the peoplearound you.That was where the focus had to be.And this has become such a cultural norm thatwe actually school our children for them to be capable to do this cleavage.If you think nursery,kindergarten, first years of school are just dedicated to take away the children, to make them usedto staying long hours away from their family.And then the school enacts perfectly well.It mimics perfectly all the rituals that we will find in offices:rituals of entry, rituals of exit, the schedules, the uniforms in this country, things that identify you,team-building activities, team building that will allow you to basically be with a random group ofkids, or a random group of people that you will have to be with for a number of time.And ofcourse, the major thing: learn to pay attention, to concentrate and focus your attention.This onlystarted about 150 years ago.It only started with the birth of modern bureaucracy, and of industrial revolution.When peoplebasically had to go somewhere else to work and carry out the work.And when with modernbureaucracy there was a very rational approach, where there was a clear distinction between theprivate sphere and the public sphere.So, until then, basically people were living on top of theirtrades.They were living on top of the land they were laboring.They were living on top of theworkshops where they were working.And if you think, it's permeated our whole culture, even ourcities.If you think of medieval cities, medieval cities the boroughs all have the names of the guildsand profeions that lived there.Now we have sprawling residential suburbias that are well distinct from production areas andcommercial areas.And actually, over these 150 years, there has been a very clear cla systemthat also has emerged.So the lower the status of the job and of the person carrying out, themore removed he would be from his personal sphere.People have taken this amazing poibility ofactually being in contact all through the day or in all types of situations.And they are doing itmaively.The Pew Institute, which produces good data on a regular basis on, for instance, in the States,says that--and I think that this number is conservative--50 percent of anybody with emailacce at work is actually doing private email from his office.I really think that the number isconservative.In my own research, we saw that the peak for private email is actually 11 o'clock inthe morning, whatever the country.75 percent of people admit doing private conversations fromwork on their mobile phones.100 percent are using text.The point is that this re-appropriation ofthe personal sphere is not terribly succeful with all institutions.I'm always surprised the U.S.Armysociologists are discuing of the impact for instance, of soldiers in Iraq having daily contact withtheir families.But there are many institutions that are actually blocking this acce.And every day, every single day, I read news that makes me cringe, like a $15 fine to kids in Texas,for using, every time they take out their mobile phone in school.Immediate dismial to bus driversin New York, if seen with a mobile phone in a hand.Companies blocking acce to IM or toFacebook.Behind iues of security and safety, which have always been the arguments for socialcontrol, in fact what is going on is that these institutions are trying to decide who, in fact, has aright to self determine their attention, to decide, whether they should, or not, be isolated.And theyare actually trying to block, in a certain sense, this movement of a greater poibility of intimacy.第二页 中文
我相信，有新的，隐藏的紧张关系 发生在人们与制度之间，在人们日常生活中 的制度如： 学校、医院、工作场所、工厂、办公室等等。我看到的这些关系 是被我称之为的 一种“民主化的亲密关系。”
这是什么意思呢？ 事实上，我指的是人们正在做的 就是在他们所处的沟通渠道中，他们试图打破一种强加的孤立，一种由于这些制度对他们所强加的孤立。人们怎样才能做到这点？他们正用 非常简单的方法来做到，例如工作时给妈妈打电话，从办公室给朋友们发即时通讯，在桌子下发短信。
你看到我身后的这些照片 是我过去几个月采访的人们。我请求他们带来他们联系最多，最亲密的人。有人带来她的男朋友，有人带来父亲。一位年轻女人带来她的爷爷。20年来，我一直在研究人们如何使用 如电子邮件、移动电话和短信等的通信渠道。从根本上，我们实际上要看到的是，人们与他们最亲密领域里的 五，六，七个人定期交流联系。现在例如一些有关Facebook的数据。最近一些社会学家从Facebook，Facebook是人们所期望的 所有社交网络中最庞大的一个。一位Facebook的普通用户，卡梅伦马洛Cameron Marlow说，他大约有120个朋友。但是根据他的性别，他实际上 只与大约4至6人 定期双向交流。在即时通讯学术研究 也显示好友名单上的100个人，但基本上人们只和二个，三个，四个人相互交流，无论如何，不会超过5个人。而由我做的关于手机和语音呼叫研究中 表明百分之八十的来电 实际上是和4个人对话。百分之八十。
当你上Skype，就只和两个人聊天。很多的社会学家的确对此很失望。我的意思是，当我看到这数据和这一切只是和5个人交流 我也感到失望。而一些社会学家实际上认为，这就是一个封闭的区间，这就是一个茧，以致于我们正与公众脱离开。而我实际上，我想展示给你们的是，如果我们实际看看谁在通信，他们在哪里交流着，这事实上是一个令人难以置信的社会转变。这有三个故事，我认为它们是相当不错的例子。第一位绅士，他是一位面包师。他每天在早上四点开始工作。大概早上8点左右他就偷偷离开他的烤箱，清洗他和面团的双手，并打电话给他的妻子。因为这是她新的一天，他只是想祝福她有美好的一天。而且我听说过这种故事很多次。
一位年轻的夜班工人 从工厂车间要偷偷离开一下，顺便说一下，那有闭路电视，他找到一个拐角，在夜里11点钟，他给女友电话只是问声晚安。或者一位母亲，在4点钟，突然在厕所的角落里打电话 查问她的孩子们是否安全地回家。接下来另一个例子，他们是一对巴西夫妇。他们在意大利生活多年。他们与家人一个星期有几次Skype聊天。但是，每两周一次，他们真的把电脑放在他们的餐桌上，设置好摄像头，竟然就 与他们在圣保罗的家庭一起晚餐。他们有了一个家宴大活动。
我第一次听说这种故事是几年前 从一个非常温馨的在瑞士居住的 科索沃移民家庭。他们在自己的客厅有一个大屏幕。每天清晨，通过屏幕，他们与他们的祖母共进早餐。丹尼米勒Danny Miller是一位很好的人类学家，他研究菲律宾籍移民妇女，这些妇女离开她们在菲律宾的孩子们，他曾告诉我有父母教育子女是 通过Skype来交流的，还有很多这些菲律宾母亲们通过Skype来了解她们的孩子们。然后还有第三个例子。他们是两个朋友。每天他们互相聊天，甚至一天好几次。最终他们工作时试着在电脑上 使用即时消息联系。现在，显然地，他们公开交流。每当他们有空闲，他们就互相交谈。这也正是我们所看到的 在学校, 在课桌下，青少年和孩子们正这样做，并给他们的朋友们发短信。
所以，这些例子枚不胜举。我意思是，我可以告诉你们数百个类似的例子。但真正特别的是设定背景。那么想想这3个我所谈到的背景： 工厂，移民，办公室。但这也可能在学校，在政府，也可能在医院发生。这3种背景下，如果我们只追随到15年前，如果你仅回想15年前，当你打卡上班，打卡到办公室上班，在工厂打卡上班，在整个工作期间没有任何联系，与你的私人领域没有任何联系。你要是很幸运，在走廊处或某处可以用一个公共电话。你要是管理层，哦，那就是另一回事。你可能会有直线电话。如果你没有直线电话，或许你必须通过一个操作员打电话。
但基本上，当你进入这些建筑物后，你就没有了私人领域。这已成为我们职业生涯规范，类似这样的规范，这样的期望。它与技术能力没有任何关系。手机就在那里。但是，一旦你进入到工作领域，所期望的是，你的义务就是全身心地完成手头的任务，全身心服务于你身边的人们。这就是要关注的事情。这已成为一种文化规范，它使得我们竟教育孩子们进行这种分离，不亲密的转变。如果你想想托儿所，幼儿园，开学第一年 仅仅一味地带走孩子们，让他们习惯远离他们自己的家庭很长的时间。
然后学校扮演了非常完美的角色，完全模仿所有在办公室要发生的的规范仪式，进入的仪式，退出的仪式，时间表，在这个国家的制服，确定你身份的东西，团队建设活动，团队建设主要使你可以 与任何孩子们，或者随机的一群人 相处一段时间。当然，主要的事情： 学会集中注意力，要集中精力，集中你的注意力。这大概于150年前开始。它（这种分离）随着当代官僚 和工业革命的诞生而开始。当人们基本上要去别的地方工作 并开展工作。随着当代官僚，就有一个非常合理的方法，那里有一个私人领域 和公共领域之间的明确区分。所以，到那时，基本上人们生活在他们各自行业。他们生活在他们耕耘的土地上。他们生活在他们工作的车间。如果你想想看，它（这种分离）就贯穿我们的整个文化，甚至我们的城市。如果你想想中世纪的城市，中世纪城市的市镇，居住在那里的各行各业都有名字。
现在我们有广阔的住宅郊区 它很好地与生产区域 和商业领域分别开。实际上，在这150年间，有一个非常明确的阶级制度也出现了。因此，工作职责越低 和执行越低级工作的人，他越被剥夺 他的私人领域空间。人们一整天或者在任何情况下 使用着这惊人的可以用来 亲密联系的可能性交流。然而他们大规模地联系。
皮尤研究所，定期提供的良好数据表明，例如，在美国，我认为这个数据是保守的-百分之五十的人在工作中通过电子邮件，实际上是从他的办公室发私人电子邮件。我的确认为这数据是保守的。就我自己的研究，我认为私人电邮的高峰 实际上是早上的11点，不管什么国家。百分之七十五的人们承认 在工作时用移动电话进行私人聊天。百分之百地使用短信。关键是这种私人领域的再兴起 在所有机构并不是十分成功。我经常吃惊，美国陆军 社会学家讨论着 例如伊拉克的军人们 与他们的家人们每天联系的影响。但是许多机构实际上正在阻止这样的联系。
每一天，每一日，我看到的新闻使我害怕，例如 针对于得克萨斯州的孩子们的15美元罚款，就因为在学校他们每次拿出和使用他们的移动电话。如果纽约的公共汽车司机被看到手拿有移动电话，他就被立即解雇。公司禁止即时通讯和Facebook。除了安全保护问题，一直有社交控制的舆论，事实上要发生的是 这些制度正决定着 到底谁有权自行决定该关注的事情，去决定，是否它们应该，或者不应该，被孤立。在某种意义上，它们实际中在试图阻止 这种更有可能的亲密性运动。
