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土木工程专业英语词汇
第一节 一般术语
1.工程结构 building and civil engineering structures 2.工程结构设计
design of building and civil engineering structures 3.房屋建筑工程 building engineering 4.土木工程 civil engineering 5.公路工程 highway engineering 6.铁路工程 railway engineering
7.港口与航道工程 port(harbour)and waterway engineering 8.水利工程 hydraulic engineering 9.水利发电工程（水电工程）hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering 10.建筑物（构筑物）construction works 11.结构 structure 12.基础 foundation
13.地基 foundation soil;subgrade;subbase;ground 14.木结构 timber structure 15.砌体结构 masonry structure 16.钢结构 steel structure
17.混凝土（砼）结构 concrete structure 18.特种工程结构 special engineering structure 19.房屋建筑 building
20.工业建筑 industrial building
21.民用建筑 civil building;civil architecture 22.公路 highway
23.公路网 highway network 24.高速公路 freeway 25.干线公路 arterial highway 26.支线公路 feeder highway 27.铁路（铁道）railway;railroad 28.标准轨距铁路 standard gauge railway 29.宽轨距铁路 broad gauge railway 30.窄轨距铁路 narrow gauge railway 31.铁路枢纽 railway terminal32.铁路车站 railway station 33.港口 port;harbour
34.港口水工建筑物 marine structure 35.通航（过船）建筑物
navigation structure;navigation construction 36.灯塔 light house 37.水利 water conservancy 38水利枢纽
multipurpose hydraulic project;key water-control project;hydro-junction
39.水库 reservoir 40.水工建筑物
hydraulic structure;marine structure;maritime construction 41.档水建筑物 water retaining structure;retaining works
42.进水（取水）建筑物 intake structure
43.泄水建筑物 outlet structure;outlet works;sluice works 44.输水建筑物 conveyance structure 45.整治建筑物
rcgulating structure;training structure rectification structure 46.水电站 hydro-electric station;hydropower station 47.水泵站（抽水站、扬水站、提水站）pump station 48.过木建筑物（过木设施）raftpa facility log pa facility 49.过钿建筑物（过钽设施）fishpa facility50.安全设施 safety device 部件混合组成的结构。2.板柱结构 slab-colume system 3.框架结构 frame structure 4.拱结构 arch structure
5.折板结构 folded-plate structure 6.壳体结构 shell structure 7.风架结构 space tru structure 8.悬索结构 cable-suspended structure 9.充气结构 pneumatic structure
10.剪力墙（结构墙）结构 shear wall structure 第三节 公路路线和铁路线路术语 1.公路路线 highway
2.公路线形 highway alignment 3.平面线形 horizontal alignment 4.纵面线形 vertical alignment 5.公路选线 route selection 6.公路定线 route location 7.平面线 horizontal curve 8.竖曲线 vertical curve 9.变坡点 grade change point 10.路线交叉 route intersection 11.铁路线路 permanent way 12.铁路选线 railway location 13.铁路定线 location 14.正线 main line 15.站线 sidings
16.最小曲线半径 minimum radius of curve 17.坡段 grade section 18.最大坡度 maximum grade 19.平面交叉 grade croing 20.立体交叉 grade separation 第四节 桥、涵洞和隧道术语 1.桥 bridge
2.简支梁桥 simple supported girder bridge 3.连续梁桥 continuous girder bridge 4.悬臂梁桥 cantilever girder bridge 5.斜拉（斜张）桥 cable stayed bridge 6.悬索（吊）桥 suspension bridge
7.桁架桥 trued bridge 8．框架桥 frame bridge
9．刚构（刚架）桥 rigid frame bridge 10．拱桥 arch bridge
11．漫水桥 submersible bridge 12．浮桥 pontoon bridge 13．正交桥 right bridge 14．斜交桥 skew bridge
15．跨线（立交）桥 grade separated bridge;overpa bridge 16．高架桥 viaduct 17．正（主）桥 main span 18．引桥 approach span 19．弯桥 curved bridge 20．坡桥 Ramp bridge 21．公路铁路两用桥
combined bridge;highway and railway transit bridge 22．开合桥 movable bridge 23．单线桥 single-track bridge 24． 双线桥 double-track bridge
25． 桥跨结构（上部结构）bridge superstructure 26．桥面系 bridge floor system
27．桥支座 bridge bearing;bridge support 28．桥下部结构 bridge substructure 29．索塔（桥塔）bridge tower 30．桥台 abutment 第五节 水工期建筑物术语 1．坝 dam 2．坝轴线 dam axis 3．重力坝 gravity dam 4．拱坝 arch dam 5．支墩坝 buttre dam
6．土石坝 earth-rock dam;embankment dam 7．混凝土坝 concrete dam
8．橡胶坝 rubber dam;flexible dam;fabric dam 9．丁坝 spur dike;groin 10．顺坝 training dike 11．溢洪道 spillway 12．堰（溢流堰）weir 13．围堰 coffer dam
14．水工隧洞 hydraulic tunnel 15．深式进水口 deep water intake
16．堤坝式水电站 dam type hydropower station 17．引水（引水道）式水电站diversion conduit type hydropower staion 18．潮汐电站 tidal power station
19．抽水蓄能电站 pumped storage power station 20．水电站厂房 powerhouse of hydropower station 21．前池 forebay
22．压力管道 preure nconduit 23．调压室 surge chamber 24．尾水渠 tailrace
25．船闸 navigation lock 26．升船机 shi lift;ship elevator 27．水闸 sluice;barrage 28．渠道 caual
29．渡槽 aqueduct;bridged flume 30．陡坡 chute 31．跌水 drop
32．坝内廊道系统 gallery system
33．消能防冲设施 energy diipating and anti-scour facility 34．防渗设施 seepage control facility 35．排水设施 drainage facility
36.反滤设施（倒滤设施）reverse filter 37．水轮泵站 turbine-pump station 38．水锤泵站 ram station 39．坝下埋管 under dam culvert 40．沉消池 silting basin41．堤 dike;levee
42．防波堤 breakwater;mole 43．码头 wharf;quay 44．斜坡码头 sloped wharf 45．墩式码头 dolphin wharf 46．重力式码头 gravity quay-wall 47．板桩码头 sheet-pile quay-wall
48．高桩码头 open pier on piles;high-pile wharf 49．浮（趸船）码头 floating pier;pontoon wharf 50．船坞 dock
51．船台 ship-building berth 52．滑道 slipway
第六节 结构构件和部件术语 1．构件 member
2．部件 component;aembly parts 3．截面 section 4．梁 beam;girder 5．拱 arch 6．板 slab;plate 7．壳 shell 8．柱 column 9．墙 wall 10．桁架 tru 11．框架 frame 12．排架 bent frame
13．刚架（刚构）rigid frame 14．简支梁 simply supported beam 15．悬臂梁 cantilever beam
16．两端固定梁 beam fixed at both ends 17．连续梁 continuous beam 18．叠合梁 superposed beam 19．桩 pile 20．板桩 sheet pile 21．路面 pavement 22．行车道 carriageway
23．变速车道 speed-change lane 24．人行道 sidewalk 25.分隔带 Lane separator 26.自行车道 bicycle path 27.公路路肩 road shoulder 28.路基边沟 subgrade side ditch
29.截水沟(天沟)catch ditch;intercepting channel30.排水沟 drainage ditch
31.护坡 slope protection;revetment32.挡土墙 retaining wall 33.铁路轨道 railway track 34.钢轨 rail 35.轨枕 sleeper 36.轨排 track skeleton 37.道床 bed38.道碴 ballast39.道岔 turnout
40.铁路调车驼峰 railway shunting hump 41.无缝线路 continuous welded rail 42.钢轨扣件 rail fastening43.护轮轨 guard rail 44.铁路路肩 railway shoulder 45.码头胸墙 wharf shoulder 46.卸荷板 relieving slab 47.靠船构件 berthing member 48.系船柱 mooring post bollard49.系船环 mooring ring50.闸室 sluice chamber51.闸门 sluice gate;lock gate 52.闸墩 sluice pier 53.护坦 apron
54.海漫 apron extension 55.消能池(消力池)stilling basin 56.消能戽(消力戽)roller bucket57.防渗铺盖 apron;impervious blanket58.防渗帷幕 impervious curtain;cut-off59.止水 sealing;seal;waterstop 60.连接 connection
构件间或杆件间以某种方式的结合.1.工程结构 building and civil engineering structures 2.工程结构设计
design of building and civil engineering structures 3.房屋建筑工程 building engineering 4.土木工程 civil engineering 5.公路工程 highway engineering 6.铁路工程 railway engineering
7.港口与航道工程 port(harbour)and waterway engineering 8.水利工程 hydraulic engineering 9.水利发电工程（水电工程）hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering 10.建筑物（构筑物）construction works
11.结构 structure 12.基础 foundation
13.地基 foundation soil;subgrade;subbase;ground 14.木结构 timber structure 15.砌体结构 masonry structure 16.钢结构 steel structure
17.混凝土（砼）结构 concrete structure 18.特种工程结构 special engineering structure 19.房屋建筑 building
20.工业建筑 industrial building
21.民用建筑 civil building;civil architecture 22.公路 highway
23.公路网 highway network 24.高速公路 freeway 25.干线公路 arterial highway 26.支线公路 feeder highway 27.铁路（铁道）railway;railroad 28.标准轨距铁路 standard gauge railway 29.宽轨距铁路 broad gauge railway 30.窄轨距铁路 narrow gauge railway 31.铁路枢纽 railway terminal32.铁路车站 railway station 33.港口 port;harbour
34.港口水工建筑物 marine structure 35.通航（过船）建筑物
navigation structure;navigation construction 36.灯塔 light house 37.水利 water conservancy 38.水利枢纽
multipurpose hydraulic project;key water-control project;hydro-junction
39.水库 reservoir 40.水工建筑物
hydraulic structure;marine structure;maritime construction 41.档水建筑物 water retaining structure;retaining works 42.进水（取水）建筑物 intake structure
43.泄水建筑物 outlet structure;outlet works;sluice works 44.输水建筑物 conveyance structure 45.整治建筑物
rcgulating structure;training structure rectification structure 46.水电站 hydro-electric station;hydropower station 47.水泵站（抽水站、扬水站、提水站）pump station 48.过木建筑物（过木设施）raftpa facility log pa facility 49.过钿建筑物（过钽设施）fishpa facility
