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Unit 1
●他们发现要掌握一门外语是困难的。(find it hard to)They find it hard to master a foreign language.●这项研究表明成功人士在许多方面是相似的。(similar)
The research shows that succeful people are similar in many ways.●成功的语言学习者不只依赖书本或者教师。(depend on)
Succeful language learners do not just depend on books or teachers.●我们愿意帮助我们的朋友。(be willing to)We're willing to help our friends.●我们应该独立地，积极地并且有目的地学习新东西。(purposefully)We should learn new things independently, actively and purposefully.●研究表明，成功的语言学习者在许多方面有共同之处。
Research shows that succeful language learners are similar in many ways.●语言学习是一种主动的学习。学习者应该利用一切机会运用语言。Language learning is active learning，Therefore．succeful learners should look for every chance to use the language.●学习语言应该主动地、独立地、有目的地学。Language learning should be active,independent and purposeful.●学语言不同于学数学。
Learning a language is different from learning maths.●老师经常将成功的语言学习经验传授给我们。
The teacher often imparts succeful language learning experiences to us.Unit 2
●中国以其丝绸产品领先于世界。(lead„with)China leads the world with its silk products.●除了收入所得税外，有些州还要收购物税。(in addition to, charge)Some states charge a sales tax in addition to income tax.●销售税随你所购物品的价格而变。(vary with)Sales tax varies with the prices of the goods you buy.●人们总是在抱怨着不断上涨的物价。(complain about)People are always complaining about the rising prices.●妈妈说他每天花太多的时间看电视。(spend„in)
Mother said he spent too much time in watching TV each day.●纳税是每个公民应尽的义务。
It is every citizen's duty to pay taxes.●美国人常说他们一生中有两件事逃脱不了。
Americans often say that there are two things they can be sure of in life.●正因为美国有三级政府，税收也有三种。
There are generally three levels of government in the United States;therefore,there are three types of taxes.●某些州除了征收销售税还征收收入所得税。
Some states charge income tax in addition to a sales tax.●美国人抱怨税收太高，政府也没有正确使用税收。
Americans complain that taxes are too high and the government uses them in the wrong way.Unit 3
●水手们担心他们会遇上坏天气。(afraid)
The sailors are afraid that they may meet bad weather.●这座山有泰山的一半高。(half as„as)This mountain is half as high as Mount Tai.●这所学校平均每个班有45人。(on the average)
On the average, there are 45 students in each cla of the school.●气候对植物的生长有影响。(affect)Climate affects the growth of plants.●我的工作越积越多。(pile up)My work keeps piling up.●平均每天有1000名来访者。
On the avarage there are 1,000 vistors a day.●大西洋只有太平洋的1/2大，但有4000多英里宽。
The Atlantic Ocean is only as half as the Pacific,but it is moar than 4,000 miles wide.●昨晚他过了好一会儿才入睡。
Last night it took him a long time to get to sleep.●电视里的广告太多，无法记住到底有多少。
There are so many ads on TV that it is to remember how many there are.●许多错误的想法导致哥伦布时代的人不愿西行。
Many wrong ideas about the Atlantic made the people in Columbus'days unwilling to sail westward.Unit 4
●他们的研究主要集中在成年人的学习技能上。(focus on)Their research mainly focuses on the learning skills of adults.●知道这些短语怎么用是很有意义的。(It is meaningful to„)It is meaningful to know how to use these phrases.●成年组由15人组成。(consist of)The adult group consists of 15 people.●不用说，我们都很清楚这些事实。(needle to say)Needle to say, we are all clear about the facts.●记忆力指的是记住过去的事件和经历的能力。(refer to, the ability to)Memory refers to the ability to remember the past events and experiences.●我总是把那支歌同我的学校生活联系起来。(aociate with)I always aociate that song with my school life.●你难以记住毫无意义的信息。
Information that does not make any sense to you is difficult to remember.●联想旨在将我们要记的与已记住的联系起来。Aociation refers to aociating what we want to remember with what we have already remembered.●将单词分类有利于记忆。
Catagorezing words helps memory
●不用说，如果图书馆的书陈列得毫无章法，读者不可能找到他们所要的书。Needle to say,if the books in the library were kept in a random order,readers could not find the books they wanted.●将信息处理为一幅完整的画面存放在脑海里，可以帮助保持记忆。Forming an integrated image with all the information placed in a single memtal picture can help up to preserve a memory.Unit 5
●我们还没有找到一个代替他的人。(substitute for)We haven't found a substitute for him yet.●孩子们很愿意成为像电影中英雄们那样强壮勇敢的人。(be eager to)Children are eager to become as strong and brave as the heroes in films.●他被我们认为是我们当中跑得最快的人。(supposed to)He is supposed to be the fastest runner among us.●有些故事流传很广，而另外一些故事却不是这样。(widespread)Some stories are widespread, while others are not.●事实上，肉和土豆是可以同时吃的。(as a matter of fact)As a matter of fact, meat and potatoes can be eaten together.●人们常把学校看成是一个小社会。(think of„as)People often think of a school as a small society.●第二次世界大战期间的士兵吃了大量的土豆。
The soldiers ate millions of pounds of potatoes during WWII.●有一种错误观念，吃某种动物就可以吸取这种动物的优良品质。One wrong idea was that by eating an animal people could get some of the good qualities of that animal for themselves.●鱼是否为最佳益脑食品有待证明。
It has not yet been proved whether fish is the best brain food.●牛奶含有丰富的蛋白质，许多人用它当早餐。
Milk contains rich protein.Therefore,many people drink it for breakfast.●今天，有不少人对某些食品有错误的认识。
Today many people have wrong ideas about food.Unit 6
●请把你要的东西清理出来并把其余的全扔掉。(sort out)Please sort out what you want and throw away the rest.●这部电梯的价钱比预计的要稍高一些。(somewhat)The price of the lift is somewhat higher than expected.●这些图案十分受青年人欢迎。(be popular with)These designs are very popular with young people.●他不写了，因为他的笔没有墨水了。(run out of)He stopped writing because his pen had run out of ink.●有经验的人能够立即辨别出来哪个是真的。(experienced, immediately)
Experienced people can tell immediately which one is real.●众所周知，钻石是最坚硬的物质。
It is known to all that diamonds are the hardest substance.●今天的大部分钻石不是从河床中发现的，而是从深藏在地下的岩石中开采出来的。
Today most diamonds are not found in stream beds but mined from rock formations deep inside the earth.●钻石刚开采时并不光彩照人。
Diamonds,as they are mined,do not look very expreive.●他干任何事都没有常性。
He never sticks to anything he does.●活火山（active volcano）爆发是一种可怕的自然现象。
The eruption of active vocanoes is a terrible natural phenomenon.Vocabulary Exercises Unit 7
●在现代家庭中父母都挣钱养家。(earn)
In a modern family, parents both earn money for the family.●她是一名教师，而她的哥哥是一名工程师。(while)She is a teacher, while her brother is an engineer.●按传统，中国青年在长大成家之前一直与父母同住。(traditionally, until)
Traditionally, Chinese young people live with their parents until they grow up and marry.●所有的老师都很关心我学习方面的进步。(care for)All the teachers care for my progre in study.●在一些家庭中，父母双方都是既工作又照顾家和孩子。(take care of)In some families, both parents work and take care of the house and children.●这个组分成了两个，因为它太大了。(split)
The group was split up into two because it’s too big.●他们计划扩展他们在这个领域中的研究。(extend)They plan to extend their research in this field.●两年前她同丈夫离了婚。(divorce)She divorced her husband two years ago.●在美国有许多单亲家庭和再婚家庭。
There are many single parent families and remarried families in the USA.●毫无疑问，大家庭通过血缘或婚姻关系组成。
Undoubtedly,the members of an extended family are related by floodor by marriage.●中国的核心家庭往往由父亲、母亲和独生子组成。
The nuclear family in China usually consists of two parents and their only child.●家庭无论对年轻人还是老年人都意味着某种归属。
The family has a sense of belonging for both the young and the old.●大多数人长大成人以后，不愿跟父母一起生活。
Most people are unwilling to live with their parents when they grow up.Vocabulary Exercises Unit 8
●卫星不仅能够传送电视广播，而且能够传送电话。(capable of)Satellites are capable of transmitting not only TV broadcasts but also phone calls.●从理论上讲，每个人都可以受到教育。(theory)In theory, everyone can be educated.●你应该按医生的指导去服这种药。(follow„instructions)
You should follow the doctor's instructions on how to take the medicine.●计算机系统可以同时传送声音和图像。(as well as)
A computer system can transmit sounds as well as pictures at the same time.●是现代技术使我们走向成功。(lead to)It is modern technology that leads us to succe.●这个病人应该与其他病人隔离开。(isolate)This patient should be isolated from other patients.●这个士兵表现出勇气和技能。(display)The soldier displayed courage and skills.●他的实验充分证明了那条心理学原理。(demonstrate)His experiment fully demonstrated that psychological principle.●存放在计算机里的信息可以通过卫星传播给用户。
Information stored in computers can be transmitted wia satellite to anyong who can pay for the service.●今天，一颗卫星能同时收送100000多个电话。
Now a satellite is capable of receiving and transmitting 100,000 telephone calls simutaneously.●高新技术对我们即有利又有弊。
The high and new telenology may harm us as well as help us.●为了迎接21世纪，学好计算机很重要。
To greet the 21st century,it is important for us to learn to use computers well.●学习新技术的目的在于应用新技术。
The purpose of learning the new technology is to apply it.Unit 9
●成功属于那些努力工作的人。(apply to)
Succe belongs to those who apply themselves to work.●到了那个国家以后，他发现几乎没有什么场合可以说汉语。(occcasion)
After getting to that country, he found there were few occasions to speak Chinese.●相互理解对于友谊是至关重要的。(of„importance to)Mutual understanding is of great importance to friendship.●世界上没有两片完全相同的树叶。(no)
No two leaves are the same in the world.或There are no two same leaves in the world.●我说他们是朋友，并不是指他们什么都分享。(When I say„I do not mean)
When I say they are friends, I don't mean they share everything.●会议涉及贸易和农业。(concern)
The meeting concerns trade and agriculture.●如果形势变坏，可能出现严重问题。(come up)
If the situation becomes worse, serious problems may come up.●我宁愿今天去，不愿意明天去。(rather than)I would rather go today than tomorrow.●汽车是由许多不同的零件构成的。(make up)A car is made up of many different parts.●那个逃跑了的囚犯仍然逍遥法外。(at large)The escaped prisoner is still at large.●普通词汇属于大家。
Popular words belong to the people at large.●另一方面，语言拥有许多学术性的词汇。On the other hand,language includes a large number of “learned” words.●这两类词所具有的气氛大不一样。
The armosphere of the two claes of words is quite different.●有一些词汇是我们长大以后才知道的。
Some words are not known to us until we grow up.●有些普通词汇我们在读书以前就学会了。
Some popular words are known to us before we are able to read.Unit 10
●人类曾好奇为什么鸟会飞，而人不会。(wonder)Man once wondered why birds could fly but he couldn’t.●这个小孩把玩具拆开了，却不知道如何再组装起来。(take apart, put together)
The child took apart the toy, but didn't know how to put it together.●不管发生什么，他们都将完成这个实验。(regardle of, carry out)They'll carry out the experiment regardle of what happens.●虽然她很累，可她仍然乐于助人。(willing to)Though very tired, she was still willing to help others.●我们不应该嘲笑犯错误的人。(laugh at)
We shouldn't laugh at people who make mistakes.●我们决心寻求这些问题的答案。(determined, seek)We are determined to seek the answers to the questions.●根据我们目前的知识, 这一发现可以被认为是可接受的。(in the light of, finding, acceptable)
In the light of our present knowledge, this finding may be regarded as acceptable.●你们应该使自己适应新的环境。(adapt„to)You should adapt yourselves to the new environment.●因果关系原则有利于解决某些科学问题。
The cause-and-effect principle can be used to solve some scientific problems.●科学的快速发展促使许多企业探求新的出路。
The rapid development in science stimulates many enterprises to seek new ways out.●尊重他人的观点也是一种科学态度。
Respect for the views of orders is also a scientific attitude.●思想开放在于能接受新的甚至有时不愿接受的观点。Open-minddedne lies in the ability to accept new and sometimes even disagreeable ideas.●孩子们总是对任何事物都好奇。
Young children are always curious about everything.Vocabulary Exercises Unit 11
●这家商店在邻近地区贴了许多广告。(put up)This shop put up many ads in the neighborhood.●有一些人厌倦了现代化的城市生活而搬到农村去住。(be fed up with)
Some people are fed up with modern city life and move to the country.●我上个星期在公园碰到了我的一位朋友。(run acro)I ran acro one of my friends in the park last week.●他没带钱，所以他注定会回来的。(be bound to)He took no money with him, so he is bound to come back.●他现在正面临一个十分重要的问题。(be faced with)He is now faced with a very important problem.●所有没用的物品都应扔掉。(get rid of)All the usele things should be got rid of.●我们的责任是去满足人民日益增长的需要。(ever-increasing)Our duty is to meet people's ever-increasing needs.●所有货物的价格都是原来的一半。(be priced at)All the goods are priced at half of their original cost.●这音乐实在使我感到厌烦。(turn„off)The music really turns me off.●他在这本书里清楚地列出了他的观点。(set out)He set out his ideas clearly in this book.●逛早市已成为许多北京人的习惯。
Many people in Peking have made morning shopping a hobby.●我在一家旧货店无意中碰到了他早年的作品。
I ran acro his earlier works in a second-hand store.●你根本想不到有人会买别人不再想要的东西。
You wouldn't believe that someone will buy someone else's castoffs.●不久前他提出了一个切实可行的计划。
Not long age,he put up a practicable plan.●我们肯定会赢得这场战斗。We are bound to win battle.Unit 12
●人们普遍认为语言是不断发展和变化的。(It is widely believed„)It is widely believed that languages are always developing and changing.●她被认为是城里最好的医生。(be regarded as)She is regarded as the best doctor of the town.●这些书在图书馆里是按照作者名字的顺序摆放的。(according to)These books are displayed in the library according to the order of the authors' names.●这些孩子们受其父母的影响很深。(influence)The children are deeply influenced by their parents.●他们对我的结论的真实性提出质疑。(dispute)They disputed the truthfulne of my conclusion.●这孩子是在一个偏远的山村中长大的。(bring up)The child was brought up in a remote mountain village.●当你遇到生字时，并不总需要查字典.(look up)
When you run acro a new word, you needn’t always look it up in a dictionary.●你一旦染上了坏习惯，就很难除掉。(get into)Once you get into a bad habit, it is hard to get rid of.●就我知识所及，鱼是最好的补脑的食物这种看法不是荒谬的。(to the best of)
To the best of my knowledge, it is not foolish that fish is the best brain food.●一本好字典应定期增补新内容。
A good dictionary should give new uses to old words regularly.●字典中每个词条的编撰均以某一原则为基础。
The writing and compiling of every entry in dictionary is based on a certain principle.●编字典的工作是从阅读大量材料做读书卡开始的。The task of writing a dictionary begins with the reading of vast amounts of literature and making cards.●并不是所有的字典都有权威性。
Not all dictionaries have authority.●我曾经在与一个英国人对一个词的发音发生争执后，提出查字典。I once got into a dispute with an Englishman over the pronunciation of a word and offered to look it up in the dictionary.Unit 13
●当陌生人站在你家门前时，你应该有所提防。(be on guard)You should be on guard when a stranger stands at your door.●事实上，我们找这本书的时间跟读这本书的时间差不多。(in effect)In effect, we spent almost as much time looking for this book as reading it.●她的信使我想起了我们曾一起度过的好时光。(remind)Her letter reminded me of the happy time we spent together.●除了少数专业保险人员外，大多数人不完全了解保险是什么。(profeional)
Most people but a few insurance profeionals don't fully understand what insurance is.●这个方法是经过验证的，他仍然是行之有效的。(proven, effective)This method has been proven and it’s still effective.●他充其量不过能做去年的一半那么多。(at best)At best he can do half of what he did last year.●我突然想起来他已经两个月没交所得税了。(occur)It occurs to me that he hasn't paid income tax for two months.●他在这所学院主修发动机工艺。(major)He majors in engine technology in this college.●保险提醒我们生活在一个不安全的世界。
Insurance reminds us that we live in an unsafe world.●人们不乐意讨论保险的理由有三个。
There are three reasons why people are unwilling to discu insurance.●买保险并不能完全领先保险代理人。
We should not depend entirely on the agent when buy insurance.●尽管意外、疾病和死亡都是一些令人不愉快的话题，但我们应该面对它们。
Although accident,illne,and death are not pleasant subjects,we should face them.●一个美国人每年为健康保险支付达二千美元。
An American pays as much as $ 2,000 for health insurance every year.Unit 14
●他在听那场长而无聊的报告时睡着了。(fall asleep)
He fell asleep when he was listening to the long and boring report.●他们甚至没有意识到这是一种好习惯。(aware)They are not even aware that this is not a good habit.●我们应该学会尊重对方，避免摩擦或冲突。(friction, conflict)We should learn to respect others to avoid friction or conflict.●他们发誓不管发生什么，他们都会完成这项工作。(swear)They swear that they will finish the work whatever happens.●那些不懂礼貌的人迟早要为此付出代价。(sooner or later, pay the price)
Those who don’t understand manners will pay the price sooner or later.●我不渴。请不必费心为我泡茶。(bother)
I'm not thirsty.Please don't bother to make tea for me.●他对工作的态度深深地打动了我。(impre)I'm deeply impreed by his attitude to work.●他们并没有意识到这种行为会干扰他人。
They are not aware that such behavior will bother other.●在公共场所应注意自己的言谈举止。Behave yourself in public places.●好习惯是从小养成的。
Good habits are formed from early childhood.●不遵守公众准则就无法与人交际。
We cannot interact with others without some social rules of behavior.●良好的态度有助于事业的成功。
Good manners help you succeed in your career.Unit 15
●和谈对两国的关系有着持久的影响。(have„effect on)
Peace talks have a long-lasting effect on the relationship between the two countries.●假若健康情况良好，我希望今年完成这项工作。(given)Given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.●我必须指出不犯错误是不现实的。(point out)
I must point out that it’s unrealistic not to make mistakes.●许多年轻人对足球很狂热。(crazy about)Many young people are crazy about football.●我认为你的计划很好，可是有没有别的计划取代它呢？(alternative)I think your plan is very good, but are there any other alternatives?●我们应该学会分辨是非。(distinguish„from)We should learn to distinguish right from wrong.●你可以对这个术语作多种解释。(interpret)You can interpret the term in many ways.●他对这件事采取坚定的态度。(adopt)He adopted a firm attitude to this matter.● 母亲的话暗示孩子们每星期可看两次电视。(imply)
Mother's words imply that children may watch TV twice a week.10 他的工作是监听某一外国的无线电广播。(monitor)His job is to monitor a foreign broadcast.●暴力电影对学龄前儿童影响很大。
Violence films have a great effect on preschool children.●家长应该监控孩子看电视的总量和种类。
Parents should monitor the amount as well as the kind of television their children watch.●学龄前儿童还不能完全辨别事实与幻想。Preschool children are not yet fully able to distinguish fantasy from reality.●孩子看电视时最好有家长在旁边指导。When a child is watching television,the parents had better guide by his side.●事实证明，暴力电视节目对儿童的成长有不良影响。
It has been proven that violence television programs have bad effects on the development of children.Unit 16
●在过去的二十年中，中国一直高速向前发展。(at„speed)China has been developing at a high speed in the past 20 years.●技术进步使人们生活得更舒适愉快。(technological advance, enable)Technological advances enable people to live more happily and comfortably.●毫无疑问，人们越来越重视身体健康。(there is no doubt that)There is no doubt that people are paying more and more attention to their health.●人们常鼓励孩子们去想象而不是去模仿。(encourage)People often encourage children to imagine rather than imitate.●我们必须依靠自己的努力去把科研成果转变成生产力。(rely on)We must rely on our own efforts to turn the research findings into productivity.●由于做了认真的准备，心脏手术进行得很成功。(as a result of)As a result of careful preparation, the heart surgery was succefully performed.●学生们从他的讲课中受益匪浅。(benefit from)The students benefit a lot from his leons.●谁应对这次行动负全部责任？(take„responsibility for)Who should take full responsibility for the action?●越来越多的人认识到预防心脏病比治疗心脏病更重要。
More and more people are realizing that the prevention of heart disease is more important than its treatment.●毫无疑问，许多患者已得利于经常进行散步、跑步、游泳等运动。There is no doubt that many patients have benefited from regular exercise like walking, running, swimming and so on.●强调治疗显然与近十多年来的高科技发展有联系。
The emphasis on treatment is clearly aociated with the technological advances that have taken place in the past ten years.●最近的研究成果表明，压力、抽烟、缺乏锻炼是导致心脏病的主要原因。
Recent researches have found that stre,smoking and a lack of exercise are the main factors causing heart discase.●据联邦政府报道，心脏手术的成功率不高。
According to the federal goverment report,the chances of succe in heart surgery were low.Unit 17
●这些天他常遭受头痛的困扰。(suffer from)He is suffering from a headache these days.●现在已经有许多种关于这种病的起因的解释。(as to)
There have been a lot of explanations as to the causes of the disease.●研究表明，大量饮酒和吸烟的人更容易患心脏病。(suffer)Studies show that people who drink and smoke a lot are more likely to suffer heart attacks.●一些不良的生活习惯会威胁人的身体健康。(endanger)Some bad living habits may endanger a person's health.●寻求心理帮助对于某些病人来说是十分必要的。(to seek psychological help)
It is very neceary for some patients to seek psychological help.● 到目前为止，还不能排除地震的可能性。(as yet)As yet, we can't rule out the chance of an earthquake.●地板太薄承受不了机器的重量。(bear)
The floor is too thin to bear the weight of the machine.● 有关签订协议的消息尚未得到证实。(confirm)
The news about signing the agreement hasn’t been confirmed.●无休止的争论最终打乱了我们的计划。(eventually, disrupt)The endle dispute eventually disrupted our plan.● 那位作者的名字在这篇文章里提到好几次。(mention)The author's name was mentioned several times in this article.●恐慌症的发作可能延续几分钟或几小时。
Panic attacks may last only a few minutes or several hours.●心脏病发作有可能直接危及患者的生命安全。
Heart attack may directly endanger a patient's life.●年龄、性别及多种症状是区别恐慌症发作与心绞痛发作的三大要素。
Age,sex,and the multiplicity of symptoms are three signs which indicate a person's suffering from a panic attack or a heart attack.●对引起恐慌症发作的原因说法不一，但在两点上有类似之处。There are a lot of explanations as to the causes of panic attacks,but two of them are generally agreed upon.●恐慌症发作的症状与心脏病发作的症状很相似，以致许多患者认为他们有心脏病。
The symptoms of panic attacks bear such remarkable similarity to those of heart attacks that many victims believe that they have a heart attack.Unit 18
●直到半夜才发现孩子们并不在他们的卧室里。(not until)It was not until midnight that the children were found not in their bedroom.● 我们的结论基于全部可获得的知识，而不是基于猜测和想象。(rather than)
Our conclusion is based on all available knowledge rather than gue or imagination.●她以故事的形式把她的过去讲给我们听。(in the form of)She told us her past in the form of a story.● 他的统计根本不准确。(far from)His stats are far from right.●根据安排，我们今天将参观颐和园。(in accordance with)
In accordance with the arrangement, we'll visit the Summer Palace today.● 你可以充分信赖他的许诺。(place„reliance on)You can place full reliance on his promise.●他的观点仅供你参考。(reference)
His point of view is only for your reference.●这两年中他们进行了多项科学试验。(attempt)
They have attempted many scientific experiments in the past two years.●直到读了你的报告我才了解到事实的真相。
It was not until I read your report that I learned the truth.●货物会按照你提出的要求寄去。
The good will be sent to you in accordance with your requirements.●中世纪欧洲教会严重阻碍了科学的发展。
In the Middle Ages,European Church interfered seriously with the advance of science.●今天人们难以想像地图的上方不是北方。
Today it is hard to visualize a map that does not feature north at the top.●他朝着北极星的方向匆匆地驶去。
He was driving hurriedly in the direction of the Pole Star.Unit 19
●他发现要赶上物理学的进展很难。(keep pace with)He finds it hard to keep pace with the progre of physics.●现在，中国可以与世界上大多数国家竞争。(compete with)China can now compete with most countries in the world.●只要我们努力，就完全有可能做得更好。(there is every likelihood that„)
There is every likelihood that we'll do better as long as we try.●越来越多的人开始关心我们的自然环境。(be concerned about)More and more people begin to be concerned about our natural environment.●这艘战舰装备了核武器。(be armed with)The warship is armed with nuclear weapons.●如果你不泄露给任何人，我就告诉你实情。(provided)I'll tell you the truth provided you don't tell it to anyone.●我们非常高兴他这次心脏病发作后能活下来。(survive)We're very glad that he has survived his heart attack.1●老虎在我国灭绝的危险不容忽视。(ignore)
The danger that tigers may be extinct in our country can’t be ignored.●动物生长的自然环境一直在恶化。
The natural evrironments in which animals live has been worsening.●狩猎者狩猎往往出于个人目的，没有考虑大家的生存环境。
Hunters hunt for their own purpose, regardle of the public living environment.●如果没有自然保护区，很有可能更多的动物将要灭绝。
There is every likelihood that more animals would be made extinct without natural reserves.●自然环境正在急剧变化的例子不胜枚举。
Countle examples can be given to show that natural environments are being rapidly changed.●创建野生动物保护区是保护动物的另一有效措施。
To create the wildlife reserves is another effective way to protect animals.Unit 20
●这些商品的价格从几美元到数百美元不等。(range from)
The prices of the goods range from several dollars to hundreds of dollars.●除了你要的苹果之外，我还给你买了些橘子。(in addition to)I bought some oranges for you in addition to the apples you want.●他的外国朋友已经习惯在中国的生活了。(become used to)His foreign friend has become used to the life in China.●美国人用餐时先喝汤，最后吃水果。(end up with)At meals, Americans start with soup and end up with fruits.●房子外面有一个陌生人。我已经注意他好一会儿了。(keep an eye on„)
Outside the house is a stranger.I have kept an eye on him for a while.●请带把伞以防下雨。(in case)
Please take an umbrella in case it rains.●你能容忍这种骗局吗？(tolerate 或tolerant of)
Can you tolerate such a fraud？或Are you tolerant of such a fraud?●庄稼正受到持续干旱天气的威胁。(threaten)The crops are being threatened by a long drought.●公司以切断供水来威胁居民。(threaten)
The company threatened the residents with cutting off water supply.●他不在乎价格，只要质量最好就行。(care about, so long as)He doesn't care about the price so long as the quality is good.●这是不是意味着我们社会的大多数人都必须进监狱？
Does that mean most members of our society should go to jail? ●现实生活比电视里描述的复杂得多。
Real life is much more complex than the description on the TV.●尽管有些行为没有伤害他人，但是伤害了我们的社会。
Although some behavious don't hurt anyone,they hurt our society.●警察决不可能监视每一个公民，但每一个公民应该自觉遵守法律。The police would never be able to keep an eye on everyone,but everyone should respect the law consciously.●诚实来自于社会压力，同时有利于社会安定。
Honesty comes from social preure,and it keeps the stability of the society at the same time.Unit 21
●我们的战士知道如何牵制敌人。(pin down)Our soldiers know how to pin down the enemy.●他常将自己和班上的其他同学相比较。(compare„with)He often compares himself with the others in his cla.●与其说他是个歌手，倒不如说他是个做曲家。(not so much„as)He is not so much a singer as a composer.●经理不在时，谁来代替他？(in place of)
Who will be in place of the manager when he is away?
●在两小时内把试卷做完对汤姆来说是办不到的。(It is out of the question for„to)
It is out of the question for Tom to finish the test paper in two hours.●我们的日常用语中有相当一部分是不确定词。
A number of imprecise words are in our everyday speech.●“几个”在不同的场合有不同的含义。
The word “several” denotes different meanings in different occasions.●年龄也影响人们对不确定词含义的理解。
The understanding of imprecise words is also affected by age.●实验表明，比例随着年龄的增长而有规律地增加。
The experiment shows that the ration increase systematically with age.●胖瘦高矮同样是不确定词。
Words like fat, thin, tall, and short are also the words of uncertainty.Unit 22
●他留出半个小时让我们提问题。(set aside)He set aside half an hour for us to ask questions.●进一步的研究使我们确信这个结果是正确的。(aure„that„)Further study aured us that the result was correct.●这位著名的作家正忙着写一部小说。(be engaged in)The famous writer is engaged in writing a novel.●这场水灾是那场大雨引起的。(reason for)The heavy rain is the reason for the flood.●这个年轻人有能力找到解决这个问题的正确方法。(capable of, approach to)
The young man is capable of finding a right approach to the problem.●有人认为体育锻炼完全是浪费时间。
Some people think that the fitne programs are totally a waste of time.●我知道锻炼很重要，可是我没有锻炼设施，家人也不支持我。I know exercise is very important,but I have no facilities and I don't get any support from my family.●最佳的身体状况可以增强你对事业的信心。
Top physical condition may increase your confidence in your career.●尽管身体健康不一定保证你长寿，但有助于你享受生活。
Although physical fitne will not guarantee that you will live longer,it can help you enjoy your life.●不管赞成还是反对，参加体育锻炼有益于健康。
Pro or con;a fitne program is helpful to your health.Unit 23
●他因缺钱而窘困。(embarra)He is embarraed for lake of money.●他对这个消息有什么反应？(reaction)What is his reaction to the news?
●在解放军战士的帮助下，火势很快就被控制住了。(bring under control)
With the help of the PLA men, the fire was soon brought under control.●他的讲话赢得了听众的赞许。(approval)His speech won the listeners’ approval.●不要乱动我的录音机。(fiddle with)Don't fiddle with my radio.●一个人的好恶可随环境变化。(likes and dislikes)One's likes and dislikes may change with the environment.●他对她缺乏耐心表示不满。(frown at)He frowned at her lack of patience.●身体语言不用词语表达。
Body language does not use words to expre.●无论是西方人还是东方人，对某些身体语言都有同样的理解。Both Easterners and Westerners have the same understanding of a certain of body language signals.●身体语言与文化紧密相连。
Body language is closely connected with culture.●在交流中，对手势或表情的含义的误解往往会引起尴尬。
Misunderstanding of gestures and facial expreions may cause embarrament in communication.●在许多国家，点头表示赞成，摇头表示反对。
In many countries, nodding indicates approval and shaking the head means disapproval.Unit 24
●我们应当加倍努力，以加速社会主义建设。(double, speed up)We should double our efforts to speed up the socialist construction.● 该国领导人的访问非常有助于两国的相互了解。(contribute to)The visit of the country's leader contributed much to the mutual understanding between the two countries.●由于双方没有达成协议，会谈只得被取消。(cancel)
The talk had to be canceled because both sides reached no agreement.●在危险面前，他们表现出极大的勇气。(in the face of)In the face of danger, they showed great courage.●最后的但并不是最不重要的一点，我们必须找到和平解决问题的方法。(Last but not least, solution to)
Last but not least, we must find a peaceful solution to the problem.●他的成功不是靠运气，而是靠能力。(owe to)His succe doesn’t owe to luck but to his ability.●很多英语词源自法语。(derive from)Many English words derive from French.●两千多种热带雨林植物对治癌有益。
More than 2,000 rainforest plants that can be beneficial in curing cancer.●大量热带雨林植物的毁灭必然破坏生态平衡。
Destruction of large areas of rainforests will undermine the ecological balance.●地处热带雨林的国家大都贫穷，人口过剩。
Most countries in which the rainforests are located are quite poor and overpopulated.●解决这一问题的一种办法是取消他们的国际债务。
One solution to this problem would be to cancel their international debts.●富裕国家应尽量使用再生纸，以减少对木材的需求。
Rich countries should use more recycled papre to reduce the demand for wood.Unit 25
●诚实是儿童的特点。(characteristic of)Honesty is characteristic of children.●父亲不同意女儿嫁给那个贫穷的小伙子。(disapprove of)The father disapproved of his daughter marrying that poor guy.●需要是发明之母。(neceity)Neceity is the mother of invention.●史密斯回故乡，除了做其它事以外，是为了看看他的母亲。(among other things)
Smith went back to his hometown, among other things, to see his mother.●他们一点也不理解这条原理。(not in the least)They didn't understand the principle in the least.●关于价格，我们认为它太高了。(with regard to)With regard to the price, we think it is too high.●爱哭往往被认为是女性的特征。
Crying is usually considered characteristic of the female.●男人不哭并不是说他们不会哭。
Men don't cry, but it's not that they are unable to cry.●在整个生机勃勃的自然界，只有人类哭泣时会流泪。
In the whole animated nature,only the human species shed tears when they cry.●不一定想哭就必须哭，但必须想哭时应该能哭。
It is unneceary to cry whenever one wants to cry, but one should be able to cry when one ought to cry.●从小训练男孩不哭并不可取。
It is not good to train boys not to cry when they are small.语法
一、动词时态 一般现在时：write(s)；一般过去时：wrote；一般将来时：shall/will write；过去将来时：should/would write；现在进行时：am/is/are writing；过去进行时：was/were writing；将来进行时：shall/will be writing；现在完成时：have/has written；过去完成时：had written；将来完成时：shall/will have written；现在完成进行时：have/has been writing；过去完成进行时：had been writing。
二、被动语态
一般现在时：is/am/are given；一般过去时：was/were given；一般将来时：will/shall be given；一般过去将来时：would/should be given；现在进行时：is/am/are being given；过去进行时：was/were being given；现在完成时：has/have been given；过去完成时：had been given。
三、构词法
构成名词常用后缀：er,or,ist,ee,ian,ese,ant等用于构成表示人或物的名称；ance,ence,tion,ics,ing,ity,ment,ne,th,th,ure,ship等用于构成表示行为、性质、状态等的抽象名词 构成形容词常用后缀：
able,ible,al,ful,le,ish,ive,ous,an,ic,ly,y,ant,ent,ary,en等 构成副词常用后缀：ly，ward，wise等 构成动词常用后缀：ise(ize)，en，ify等
表示相反意义前缀：un，dis，in，im，ir，il，de等
表示其他意思前缀：re(重新)，mis(错误地)，anti（反、防），ex(前)，pre(预先)，post(后的)，fore(先的)，self(自我的、自动的)，super(超级、上层)，sub(下面的)，inter(之间的、互相)，trans(跨越、移)，ultra(外、极)，semi(半)，vice(副)，uni(单)，bi(双)，multi(多)，auto(自)。
四、不定式
1、有些及物动词常用不定式作宾语：
want,like,wish,hate,hope,continue,manage,try,offer,start,begin,forget,promise,mean,pretend,intend,decide,learn,desire,agree,care,choose,expect,refuse,fail,plan等。
2、有些及物动词的宾语后常有不定式作宾补：ask，tell，invite，force，get，allow，wish，want，like，hate，help，leave，expect，prefer，encourage，advise，persuade，permit，remind，request，order，warn，mean，cause等。
3、有些及物动词的复合宾语中作宾补的不定式不带to：mak，let，see，hear，watch，notice，feel等。
五、分词
1、动名词和不定式都可以作主语或表语：在表示比较抽象的一般行为时多用动名词，表示具体某次动作或将来发生的动作时，多用不定式。
2、以下及物动词及短语动词常用动名词作宾语：avoid，finish，suggest，stop，mind，enjoy，require，postpone，delay,practice，excuse，risk，consider，mi，imagine，deny，escape，put off，give up，keep on，can’t help等。
