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待遇优厚的工作 a well-paid job 单亲家庭 single parent family 定向培训 training for specific posts 独生子女 the only child 对保障方案进行精算评估 Security programs should undergo actuarial review.对口扶贫 provide poverty alleviation aid to the designated sister regions 恶性犯罪 major crimes 反对迷信 be against superstition 福利分房 buy a benefit-oriented apartment from the organization one works with 复式住宅 compound apartment 干部年轻化 rejuvenation of cadres 岗位培训 on-job training 高度重视精神文明建设 pay close attention to cultural and ethical progre 搞好优生优育 promote good prenatal and postnatal care 个人自愿计划 voluntary private plans 工伤保险制度the on-job injury insurance system 工资收入分配制度the wage and income distribution system 关系国计民生的大事 matters vital to national well-being and the people’s livelihood 关心和支持残疾人事业 Programs to help the physically and mentally challenged deserve our care and support.关心老龄人 care for senior citizens.贵族学校 exclusive school（美）;select school（英）
国企下岗职工基本生活保障 guarantee of basic cost of living allowances for workers laid off from state-owned enterprises 过紧日子 tighten one’s belt
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过温饱生活 live a life at a subsistent level 合理调整就业结构to rationally readjust the employment structure
外经贸类词汇
澳新紧密经济关系协定ANZCERTA：Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations Trade Agreement 摆脱亚洲金融危机的影响 shake off the impact of the financial crisis 帮助人才脱颖而出 help excellent talents find way to distinction 备件 spare parts 部长级会议 ministerial meeting 采取积极财政政策 proactive fiscal policy 出口创汇型/外向型产业 export-oriented industry 垂直兼并 vertical merger 倒爷 profiteer 抵免 offset 东盟自由贸易区 AFTA：ASEAN Free Trade Area 东南亚国家联盟 ASEAN：Aociation of South-East Asian Nations 对外项目承包 foreign project contracting 反倾销措施 anti-dumping measures against „„ 防伪标志 anti-fake label 放松银根 ease monetary policy 非配额产品 quota-free products 非生产性投资 investment in non-productive projects 风险管理/评估 risk management/ aement 风险基金 venture capital 风险准备金 loan lo provision/ provisions of risk 岗位培训 on-the-job training
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港元的联系汇率制the linkage system between the US dollar and the HK dollar 搞活国有大中型企业 revitalize large and medium-sized state owned enterprises 工程项目 engineering project 工业增加值 industrial added value 公正合理 equitable and rational 固定资产投资 investment in the fixed aets 广开就业门路increase employment opportunities;create jobs in every poible way;open up more channels of employment 规模经济 scale economy/ economies of scale 国合企业（即国有合作社）state-owned cooperatives 国际清算 international settlement 国际收支平衡 balance of international payments/ balance of payment 国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment 国家补贴 public subsidies 国家鼓励项目 projects listed as encouraged by the state 国家科技创新体系 State Scientific and Technological Innovation System 国家现汇结存 state foreign exchange reserves 合理引导消费 guide rational consumption 横向兼并 horizontal merger 坏帐、呆帐、死帐bad account/ dead account/ uncollectible account/bad debt/ bad loan 货币市场 money market 机构臃肿 overstaffing in(government)organizations 机构重叠 organizational overlapping
技工贸结合的科技型企业scientific and technological enterprises that integrate scientific and technological development with industrial and trade development 季节性调价 seasonal price adjustments 既成事实 established/accomplished facts
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减免债务 reduce and cancel debts 建材 building materials 进口环节税 import linkage tax 经常项目 current account 经常性的财政收入 regular revenues 竟价投标 competitive bidding
政治政府词汇
按保护价敞开收购粮食的政策a policy of purchasing grain without limitations at protective prices 把处理事与处理人结合起来integrate the handling of cases with the handling of violators 把有限的资金用在“刀刃上” use our limited funds where they can be put to best use 保持经济适度快速增长maintain an appropriate rapid economic growth 保监会the China Insurance Regulatory Commiion 保证国家的长治久安guarantee China’s long-term stability 保证社会公共需要guarantee social needs 保证这些项目如期建成并发挥效益ensure that these projects are completed according to schedule and yield economic returns 避免形成倒逼机制、欲罢不能The uncompleted projects cannot drag on and on and require exceive investment.不合法、不合理基金和收费项目illegal and unjustifiable funds and charges 不会导致货币过量发行without causing overiue of currency 不进则退 no progre simply means regreion 不良贷款 non-performing loans 不能搞赤字预算cannot leave a deficit in their budgets 不再经商no longer engage in trade 财政偿还能力our ability to service debt
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财政的承受能力financial capacity 财政监督条例the Regulations on Financial Supervision 财政日子将更加难过We will be in financial straits.财政收入占国内生产总值的比重the ratio of revenue to GDP 财政收支基本平衡的原则a principle of maintaining a basic balance between revenue and expenditures 财政资金申请、立项、拨付、使用效果等各个环节的监督supervision over the whole proce of fund allocation from application, project determination and actual allocation to returns on investment 拆迁补偿费compensation for demolition 产权划转和产权变动the transfer of and changes in property rights of enterprises 产销衔接状况the ratio of sales to production 产业升级upgrade industries 长江流域的生态掩体an ecological shelter along the Yangtze River Valley 长江三峡和黄河小浪底水利枢纽工程the key water projects at the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River and at Xiaolangdi on the Yellow River 长期国债long-term government bonds 常务委员Standing Committee member 车辆购置税暂行条例the Interim Regulations on the Tax on Vehicle Purchases 成长型企业市场（指二板市场）growing enterprise market(GEM)城乡电网改造projects for upgrading urban and rural power grids 城镇登记失业率registered unemployment rate in cities and towns 城镇社会保障体系 urban social security system 城镇职工医疗保险制度改革medical insurance for urban workers 城镇住房制度改革reform of the urban housing system 出口经营权由审批制向登记备案制过渡the transition from an examination and approval system to a registration and recording system for the right to engage in export
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出口配额export quotas
传统产业conventional industries 创新体系an innovation system 垂直管理vertical management 从源头上、制度上堵塞漏洞plug up loopholes in terms of their sources and systems 促进公平分配promote fair distribution of social wealth 村村通广播电视工程project “extend radio and TV coverage to every village” 存款准备金reserves against deposit
大部分科技力量游离于企业和市场之外a majority of scientific personnel being divorced from enterprises and the market 大力推进粮食流通体制改革step up our efforts to promote the reform of the grain distribution system 大面积多光区光纤光谱天文望远镜a large sky area multi-object fiber-spectroscopy telescope 贷款质量5级分类办法five-category aets claification for bank loans DXP理论 Deng Xiaoping Theory 低水平重复建设low-level redundant development 滴灌、喷灌drip irrigation and spray irrigation 抵抗全球经济衰退 to combat the global economic slump
地方性中小金融机构存款保险制度a deposit insurance system for local small and medium-sized financial institutions
环境保护词汇
21世纪议程 Agenda 21（the international plan of action adopted by governments in 1992 in Rio de Janeiro Brazil（巴西里约）, — provides the global consensus on the road map towards sustainable development）
世界环境日 World Environment Day(June 5th each year)
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世界环境日主题 World Environment Day Themes 环境千年—行动起来吧！（2000）The Environment MillenniumOur FutureSave Our Seas!为了地球上的生命（1997）For Life on Earth 我们的地球、居住地、家园（1996）Our Earth, Our Habitat, Our Home 国际生物多样性日 International Biodiversity Day(29 December)世界水日 World Water Day(22 March)世界气象日 World Meteorological Day(23 March)世界海洋日 World Oceans Day(8 June)联合国环境与发展大会（环发大会）United Nations Conference on Environment and Development(UNCED)环发大会首脑会议 Summit Seion of UNCED 联合国环境规划署 United Nations Environment Programs（UNEP）2000年全球环境展望报告 GEO-2000;Global Environmental Outlook 2000 入选“全球500佳奖” be elected to the rank of Global 500 Roll of Honor 联合国人类居住中心 UN Center for Human Settlements(UNCHS)改善人类居住环境最佳范例奖 Best Practices in Human Settlements Improvement 人与生物圈方案 Man and Biosphere(MAB)Programme(UNESCO)中国21世纪议程 China’s Agenda 21
中国生物多样性保护行动计划 China Biological Diversity Protection Action Plan 中国跨世纪绿色工程规划 China Trans-Century Green Project Plan 国家环境保护总局 State Environmental Protection Administration(SEPA)中国环保基本方针 China’s guiding principles for environmental protection
坚持环境保护基本国策 adhere to the basic state policy of environmental protection 推行可持续发展战略 pursue the strategy of sustainable development 贯彻经济建设、城乡建设、环境建设同步规划、同步实施、同步发展（三同步）的方针 carry out
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a strategy of synchronized planning, implementation and development in terms of economic and urban and rural development and environmental protection(the “three synchronizes” principle)11月9日
经济体制和经济增长方式的转变 promote fundamental shifts in the economic system and mode of economic growth 实现经济效益、社会效益和环境效益的统一 bring about harmony of economic returns and contribution to society and environmental protection
中国环保基本政策 the basic policies of China’s environmental protection
预防为主、防治结合的政策 policy of prevention in the first place and integrating prevention with control 污染者负担的政策 “the-polluters-pay” policy
强化环境管理的政策 policy of tightening up environmental management
一控双达标政策 policy of “One Order, Two Goals”: “一控”：12种工业污染物的排放量控制在国家规定的排放总量 The total discharge of 12 industrial pollutants in China by the end of 2000 shall not exceed the total amount mandated by the central government.;“双达标”： 1.到2000年底，全国所有的工业污染源要达到国家或地方规定的污染物排放标准 The discharge of industrial pollutants should meet both national and local standards by the end of 2000.2.到2000年底，47个重点城市的空气和地面水达到国家规定的环境质量标准 2.Air and surface water quality in all urban districts in 47 major cities should meet related national standards by the end of 2000.对新项目实行环境影响评估 conduct environmental impact aements(EIA)on start-up projects 提高全民环保意识 raise environmental awarene amongst the general public 查处违反环保法规案件 investigate and punish acts of violating laws and regulations on environmental protection 环保执法检查 environmental protection law enforcement inspection
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限期治理 undertake treatment within a prescribed limit of time 中国已加入的国际公约 international conventions into which China has acceed 控制危险废物越境转移及其处置的巴塞尔公约 Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal
关于消耗臭氧层物质的蒙特利尔议定书 Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer 生物多样性公约 Convention on Biological Diversity 防治荒漠化国际公约 Convention to Combat Desertification 气候变化框架公约 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 生态示范区 eco-demonstration region;environment-friendly region 国家级生态示范区（珠海）Nationally Designated Eco-Demonstration Region 国家级园林城市 Nationally Designated Garden City 对水质和空气质量的影响 impact on the quality of the water and the air 治理环境污染 curb environmental pollution;bring the pollution under control
机关机构词汇
一、部属机构属译名（以化学工业为例）
化学工业部 Ministry of Chemical Industry 办公厅 General Office 计划司 Planning Department 外事司 Foreign Affairs Department 人事司 Personnel Department 化工新材料局 New Chemical Material Department 化工司 Chemical Department 橡胶司 Rubber Department 炼化司 Department of Refining and Chemicals 矿山司 Chemical Mines Bureau
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化工规划院 Chemical Planning Institute 设备总公司 Equipment General Corporation 基建局 Capital Construction Department 教育司 Education Department 化肥司 Chemical Fertilizer Department 供销局 Department of Supply and Sales
二、市属机械译名（以北京市为例）
北京市人大常委会 Standing Committee of Beijing Municipal People's Congre 中国GCD北京市委员会Beijing Municipal Committee of the CPC 中国人民政治协商会议北京市委员会Beijing Municipal Committee of the CPPCC 北京市人民政府 Beijing Municipal People's Government 高级人民法院 High People's Court 人民检察院 People's Procuratorate 外事办公室 Foreign Affairs Office 侨务办公室 Overseas Chinese Affairs Office 财贸办公室 Office of Finance and Trade 文教办公室 Office of Culture and Education 计划委员会 Planning Committee 经济委员会 Economic Committee 城乡建设委员会 Committee of Municipal and Rural Construction 科学技术委员会 Committee of Science and Technology 城市规划委员会 Committee of Municipal Design 对外经贸委员会 Committee of Economic Trade for Foreign Countries 市政管理委员会 Municipal Administration Committee 民族委员会 Nationalities Committee 体育委员会 Physical Culture and Sports Committee 计划生育委员会 Family Planning Committee
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人事局 Personnel Bureau 科技干部管理局 Bureau of Scientific and Technical Personnel 老干部局 Bureau of Retired Veteran Cadres 统计局 Statistical Bureau 物价局 Bureau of Commodity Price 工商行政管理局 Administration Bureau for Industry and Commerce 商品检验局 Bureau for Inspection of Commodities 审计局 Auditing Bureau 财政局 Finance Bureau 税务局 Tax Bureau 劳动局 Labor Bureau 档案局 Archives Bureau 物资管理局 Bureau of Materials 标准计量局 Bureau of Standard Measurement 公用局 Bureau if Public Utilities 广播电视局 Bureau of Radio and Television
世贸组织词汇
补贴协议）可诉补贴Actionable subsidy(纺织品与服装、农产品)一体化进程Integration proce（服务贸易）境外消费Consumption abroad（服务贸易）跨境交付Cro border supply（服务贸易）商业存在Commercial presence(服务贸易)自然人 natural person(服务贸易)自然人流动Presence of natural person(解决争端)被诉方Defendant（解决争端）调查结果Findings
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(解决争端)上诉Appeal(解决争端)申诉方Complaint(利益的)丧失和减损Nullification and impairment(农产品)国内支持Domestic support
（农产品）综合支持量AMS(Aggregate Measurement of Support)（农产品国内支持）黄箱措施Amber Box measures
（农产品国内支持）蓝箱措施BOP(Balance-of-payments)Provisions（农产品国内支持）绿箱措施Green Box measures(农业)多功能性 Multifunctionality（欧盟）共同农业政策Common Agriculture Policy(争端解决)专家组Panel（知识产权）地理标识Geographical indications 《巴黎公约》(关于保护工业知识产权的公约)Paris Convention 《巴塞尔公约》（有关危险废弃物的多边环境协定）Basel Convention 《北美自由贸易协定》NAFTA(North American Free Trade Agreement)《濒危物种国际贸易公约》Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species 《伯尔尼公约》（有关保护文学和艺术作品版权的公约）Berne Convention 《多种纤维协定》MFA(Multifibre Agreement)《纺织品与服装协议》ATC(Agreement on Textiles and Clothing)《服务贸易总协定》GATS(General Agreement on Trade in Services)《关于争端解决规则与程序的谅解》DSU(Understanding on Rules and Procedures Governing the Settlement of Disputes)《京都议定书》 Kyoto Protocol 《里斯本条约》（有关地理标识及其国际注册）Lisbon Agreement 《蒙特利尔议定书》(有关保护大气臭氧层的多边环境协定)Montreal Protocol 《农产品协议》特殊保障SSG(Special Safeguard)《农业协议》中关于反补贴的和平条款Peace clause
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《生物多样性公约》CBD(Convention on Biological Diversity)《信息技术协议》ITA(Information Technology Agreement)WTO最不发达国家高级别会议HLM(WTO High-level Meeting for LDCs)
经济金融词汇
不景气 slump（衰退 receion）二板市场 the second board market 中国创业板 China Growth Enterprise Market 首次上市 IPOs(initial public offering)市场资本总额 market capitalization 法人股 institutional shares
内部股（非上市招股）private company shares 牛市 bull market 法律风险 legal risk 风险管理 risk management 坚持严格的贷款标准 maintain strong underwriting standards 六大风险 risks in 6 key areas(U.S.Federal Reserve criterion)信用风险 credit risk 供给学派 supply-side economist
第一产业（农业）agriculture(primary industry)第二产业（工业）manufacturing industry(secondary industry)第三产业（服务业）service industry(tertiary industry)主要经济指标 major economic indicators 国内生产总值 GDP gro domestic product（商品和劳务币值总和，不包括海外收入支出）国民生产总值 GNP gro national product（商品和劳务币值总和，包括海外收入支出）人均国内生产总值 GDP per capita 宏观经济 macro economy
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互助基金 mutual fund 扩大内需 expand domestic demand 改善居民心理预期 inspire the general public's confidence in the future needs 鼓励增加即期消费 encourage more immediate consumption 长期国债 long-term treasury bonds 支付国债利息 to service treasury bonds 财政赤字和债务 deficits and the national debt 按原口径计算 calculate on the base line 按不变价格计算 calculate at constant price 按可比价格计算 calculate at comparable price 列入财政预算支出 listed in the fiscal budget 结售汇制度 the system of exchange, settlement and sales 经常项目顺差 favorable balance of current account, surplus of current account 开办人民币业务 engage in Renminbi(RMB)busine
热门话题词汇
AA制 Dutch treatment;go Dutch B to B(B2B)busine to busine B to C(B2C)busine to consumer NASDAQ National Aociation of Securities Deal Automated Quotations 艾滋病(获得性免疫缺陷综合征)AIDS(Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)安居工程 housing project for low-income urban residents 按成本要素计算的国民经济总值 GNP at factor cost 按揭贷款 mortgage loan
按揭购房 take out a mortgage to buy a house;buy a house on time 按劳分配 distribution according to one's performance 暗亏 hidden lo
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暗恋 unrequited love;fall in love with someone secretly 奥姆真理教 Japanese Aum Doomsday Cult 巴黎证券交易所 Paris Bourse 把„当成耳旁风Like water off(on)a duck’s back 把握大局 grasp the overall situation 白马王子 Prince Charming
白色农业 white agriculture(also called “white engineering agriculture”;It refers to microbiological agriculture and biological cell agriculture.)白色行情表 white sheet 白手起家 starting from scratch 白雪公主 Snow White 摆架子 put on airs
摆谱儿 put on airs;show off;keep up appearances 拜把兄弟 sworn brothers 拜年 pay New Year calls or visits 搬迁户 relocated families 半拉子工程 uncompleted project
傍大款(of a girl)find a sugar daddy;be a mistre for a rich man;lean on a moneybags 棒球运动记者 scribe 包二奶 have a concubine(originally a Cantonese expreion)包干到户 work contracted to households
包干制 overall rationing system;scheme of payment partly in kind and partly in cash 包工包料 contract for labor and materials 保持国民经济发展的良好势头 maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy 保持国有股 keep the State-held shares 保健食品 health-care food 保理业务 factoring busine
壹拾伍
保税区 the low-tax, tariff-free zone;bonded area/zone 保证金 margins, collateral 保证重点支出 ensure funding for priority areas 保值储蓄 inflation-proof bank savings 报国计划的实施 implementation of Dedicator's Project 奔小康 strive for a relatively comfortable life 本本主义 bookishne 本命年 one's year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches 笨鸟先飞 A slow sparrow should make an early start.蹦击 bungee, bungee jumping 逼上梁山 be driven to drastic alternatives
教育文化词汇
（大学）代理校长 Acting President（大学）副校长 Vice President（大学）校长 President/Chancellor（大学）专科 Major Types of Education in China short 2-to 3-year higher education programs（大学的）研究小组；讨论会 seminar（国家）助学金(state)stipend/subsidy（戏剧学院）表演系Acting Department（系）主任 chairman;chairperson（小学）校长 Head /Master（职工）子弟学校 school for children of workers & staff members（中学）校长 Principal 爱国人士 patriotic personage 爱国主义教育 education in patriotism
壹拾陆
百分制 100-mark system 班主任Cla Discipline Adviser/Head Teacher 办学效益 efficiency in school management 半工半读学校 part-work and part-study school 半文盲 semiliterate;functional illiterate 包分配 guarantee job aignments 被授权 be authorized to do 必修课 required/compulsory course 毕业典礼 graduation ceremony;commencement 毕业鉴定 graduation appraisal 毕业论文 thesis;diertation 毕业设计 graduation ceremony 毕业生graduate 毕业实习 graduation field work 毕业证书 diploma;graduation certificate 博士 doctor(Ph.D)博士后 post doctorate 博士后科研流动站 center for post-doctoral studies 补考 make-up examination 补习学校 continuation school 不及格fail 材料工程系 Department of Materials Engineering 材料科学系 Department of Materials Science 财贸学校 finance and trade school 财政拨款 financial allocation 测量系 Department of Survey 成绩单 school report;report card;transcript
壹拾柒
成人教育 adult education 成人学校 adult school 成人夜校 night school for adults 成为有理想，有道德，有文化，守纪律的劳动者 to become working people with lofty ideals, moral integrity, education and a sense of discipline 初等教育 elementary education 初中 junior middle school
宗教事务词汇
帝王等)统治；朝代，在位时代 reign 佛经 Buddhist scriptures [宗教、政治]教义；原则 doctrine 思想史 intellectual history...的一个主要的部分 an integral part of...多灾多难的 calamitous
密教（中国佛教宗派之一）Esotericism 大乘（佛教宗派之一）Mahayana/Greater Vehicle 小乘（佛教宗派之一）Theravada/ Hinayana/ Leer Vehicle 土生土长的 indigenous * Dalai * Bainqen(Panchen)达摩 Bodhidharma 法显 Faxian 玄奘 Xuanzang 法，即达摩，支配个人行为的宗教伦理规范 dharma 鉴真 Jianzhen
壹拾捌
地产 landed property 废除（法令等），取消 abrogate 支柱，后盾 prop 养生法 regimen 默想；坐禅 meditation 符咒 charm 咒语 spell 苦行的 ascetic 永生 immortality 召唤，号召 summon 白云观 Baiyun Monastery 成吉思汗 Genghis Khan 征募 conscript
工匠，手工业工人 artisan 忽必烈 Kublai Khan 追随者 follower 尊重；接受 honor v.[伊斯兰教、基督教]朝圣 pilgrimage 麦加（伊斯兰教圣地）Mecca 传教士 miionary
[天主教]耶酥会会士 Jesuit 利马窦 Matteo Ricci 礼部尚书 Director of the Board of Rites 历法 calendar-study 教团，修道会 order 使改变宗教或政治信仰、意见等 proselyte
壹拾玖
