Unit3 Grammar1由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“grammar1概述”。
东海二中高二英语备课组主备人：郭小娣张艳红编号：
Unit 3Science and nature
Grammar and usage :Verb-ed form
Teaching Objectives:
After learning, students will be able to:
1.know different functions of verb-ed forms as an adjective or an adverb.2.the paive meanings and past meanings of verb-ed forms
过去分词
动词-ed 形式的句法功能：规则动词的过去分词是由“+-ed”构成，不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则。在功用上，过去分词具有形容词和副词的特点。可在句中作定语，表语，补足语和状语。
一 过去分词做定语
1单个的动词-ed形式往往放在被修饰词之前，动词的-ed短语则放在名词之后。We only sell used books in our bookstore.They bought a new car made in Japan.2过去分词作定语，此时相当于一个定语从句。
I think the names mentioned in your article are interesting
= I think the names ______ _____ _________ in your article are interesting．大多数的过去分词表示被动含义，但也有一些过去分词用来表示动作已完成，如escaped, retired 和fallen等。比较下列短语：
注意：1）过去分词和–ing分词作定语的区别：
boiled waterboiling water
developed countriesdeveloping countries
fallen leavesfalling leaves非谓语动词的被动式作定语的三种形式：
the bridge to be built ______________（表示将来的动作）
the bridge being built _________________（表示正在进行的动作）
the bridge built _____________________（表示完成的动作）
及时练习：
1.Don't use words, expreions, or phrases _____ only to people with specific knowledge.A.being knownB.having been knownC.to be knownD.known
2.The first textbooks _____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.A.having writtenB.to be writtenC.being writtenD.writtenPrices of daily goods _______ through a computer can be lower than store prices.A.are boughtB.boughtC.been boughtD.buyingMrs.White showed her students some old maps _____ from the library.A.to borrowB.to be borrowedC.borrowedD.borrowing
5.The players ____ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.A.selectingB.to selectC.selectedD.having selected
二过去分词做表语
主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。
如：1）Don’t touch the gla because it is broken.2）
3）特别提醒： 过去分词和–ing分词作表语的区别：
过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态或感受，而-ing分词作表语多表示主语所具有的特征。Hearing the news, we felt very surprised.The news is very surprising.amusing, amused;encouraging, encouraged;disappointing, disappointed;exciting, excited;puzzling, puzzled;satisfying, satisfied;worrying, worried;tiring, ti
red;pleasing, pleased;interesting, interested;astonishing, astonished等有类似的用法。
及时练习：
1.As we joined the big crowd I got ______ from my friends.（NMET 2001）
A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.mied
2.In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained ____ abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.A.stickingB.stuckC.to be stuckD.to have stuck
3.The pilot asked all the paengers on board to remain ____ as the plane was making a landing.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.to be seating
4.---I'm very ____ with my own cooking.It looks nice and smells delicious.---Mm.It does have a ____ smell.A.pleasant;pleasedB.pleased;pleasedC.pleasant;pleasantD.pleased;pleasant
三过去分词做宾语补足语
1．通常用在感官动词和使役动词（see,hear , notice,watch,keep,find,get,have,feel等）宾语后，以及with的复合结构中。
例如1 After the robbery, they found the front windows broken.With his homework done, he started to watch TV
2.当这类句子变成被动语态时，过去分词用作主语补语。如：
。They should be kept informed of the situation there.。注意： 动词have后所接的三种宾语补语：
have somebody/something do something表示一次性的动作。如：
Jim often has his father help him with his homework.have somebody /something doing something-ing分词作补语，强调动作的延续或正在进行。We won’t have the child talking to his mother like that.我们不能让那个孩子那样对他的妈妈说话。
have somebody/something done 过去分词作补语，宾语和补足语之间有逻辑上的被动关系，通常有两种情况：
①主语让别人做某事，强调主语的意志。如：
Later on the center had a great many new trees planted.后来，这个中心让人种了很多树。
他昨天理发了。
②主语遭到某种不幸或陷入恶劣的环境，说明宾语的一种无意识的被动行为。如：
He had his leg broken in the match last month.。
在战争中，他失去了一只眼睛。
及时练习:
1.Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues ____ with her stories.A.amusedB.amusingC.to amuseD.to be amused
2.Alexander tried to get his work_____ in the medical circles.（2010辽宁）
A.to recognizeB.recognizingC.recognizeD.recognized
AlaidB layingC to layD being laid
4.Claire had luggage an hour befor her plane left．
A．checkB．checkingC．to checkD．checked
5.Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself ____ of his own dreams．
A．remindingB．to remindC．remindedD．renmind
过去分词短语：过去分词后带有宾语或状语构成过去分词短语。表示时间
相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念
1)Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks more beautiful.=2)_____ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.（04湖北）
A.CompareB.When comparingC.ComparingD.When compared
2表示原因
相当于一个原因状语从句
1)Shocked by the article, the woman wrote a letter to the newspaper.（改为从句）
2）_______ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.A.BlamingB.BlamedC.To blameD.To be blamed表示条件
相当于一个条件状语从句，有时过去分词前可用if等词
1）Treated with electricity, the cell tiue will split into several parts.2）______ into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order.A.TranslatingB.TranslatedC.To translateD.Having translated表示让步
相当于一个though/although引导的让步状语从句
Laughed at by many people, he continued his study
5表示伴随情况或方式
1）The trainer appeared, followed by six little dogs.2）He walked up and down the room, lost in thought.注意：通常情况下，过去分词的逻辑主语和句子的主语一致。
巩固练习：
1）The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.（2006全国）
A.being tiedB.having tiedC.to be tiedD.tied
2)It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _____ at the meeting by my bo.A.questioningB.have questionedC.questionedD.to be questioned
3)_____ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police
A.Having lostB.LostC.Being lostD.Losing
4).______ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.A.DreedB.To dreC.DreingD.Having dreed
5)_____ time, he’ll make a first-cla tennis player.A.Having givenB.To giveC.GivingD.Given
D．To offer 6）．．A．OfferB．OfferingC．Offered
Homework
１Review the usage of verb-ed form and verb-ed phrases
２Finish the exercies on page 49 and 51.Do part C1and C2 on page 108.Reflection:
_____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________
