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Old man and the sea
This year winter vacation, I read the American distinguished writer Ernest Hemingway's novel “ old person and sea ”.I exceedingly admire in the novel the elder fisherman's will, he make me understand” A man can be destroyed but not defeated”.The novel describes an aged senior fisherman suffering a adventure experience.when he alone goes to sea in one fishing, fished one big fish, actually did not pull.The senior fisherman socialized several days after the fish, only then discovered this was the big marlin which one exceeded the oneself fishing boat several fold, although knew perfectly well very difficult to win, but still did not give up.Afterwards and further because of the big marlin wound fish fishy smell brought in several crowds of shark fish snatches the food.However the old person still did not give up easily, he fight with the fist two sharks.Unfortunately he was encircled tightly, returning to the fishing port just with a marlin skeleton.In other words, the marline was eaten up by the sharks.But what the other fishermen didn’t make fun of him any more.The story was based on a real experience of a fisher called Fuentes in Cuba.As a matter of fact, Hemingway and Fuentes were best friends.They knew each other and he was saved at rainstorm night on the sea.Themes：
The Honor in Struggle, Defeat & Death From the very first paragraph, Santiago is characterized as someone struggling against defeat.He has gone eighty-four days without catching a fish—he will soon pa his own record of eighty-seven days.Almost as a reminder of Santiago’s struggle, the sail of his skiff resembles “the flag of permanent defeat.” But the old man refuses defeat at every turn: he resolves to sail out beyond the other fishermen to where the biggest fish promise to be.He lands the marlin, tying his record of eighty-seven days after a brutal three-day fight, and he continues to ward off sharks from stealing his prey, even though he knows the battle is usele.Because Santiago is pitted against the creatures of the sea, some readers choose to view the tale as a chronicle of man’s battle against the natural world, but the novella is, more accurately, the story of man’s place within nature.Both Santiago and the marlin display qualities of pride, honor, and bravery, and both are subject to the same eternal law: they must kill or be killed.As Santiago reflects when he watches the weary warbler fly toward shore, where it will inevitably meet the hawk, the world is filled with predators, and no living thing can escape the inevitable struggle that will lead to its
death.Santiago lives according to his own observation: “man is not made for defeat...[a] man can be destroyed but not defeated.” In Hemingway’s portrait of the world, death is inevitable, but the best men(and animals)will nonethele refuse to give in to its power.Accordingly, man and fish will struggle to the death, just as hungry sharks will lay waste to an old man’s trophy catch.The novel suggests that it is poible to transcend this natural law.In fact, the very inevitability of destruction creates the terms that allow a worthy man or beast to transcend it.It is precisely through the effort to battle the inevitable that a man can prove himself.Indeed, a man can prove this determination over and over through the worthine of the opponents he chooses to face.Santiago finds the marlin worthy of a fight, just as he once found “the great negro of Cienfuegos” worthy.His admiration for these opponents brings love and respect into an equation with death, as their destruction becomes a point of honor and bravery that confirms Santiago’s heroic qualities.One might characterize the equation as the working out of the statement “Because I love you, I have to kill you.” Alternately, one might draw a parallel to the poet John Keats and his insistence that beauty can only be comprehended in the moment before death, as beauty bows to destruction.Santiago, though destroyed at the end of the novella, is never defeated.Instead,he emerges as a hero.Santiago’s struggle does not enable him to change man’s place in the world.Rather, it enables him to meet his most dignified destiny.Pride as the Source of Greatne & Determination Many parallels exist between Santiago and the claic heroes of the ancient world.In addition to exhibiting terrific strength, bravery, and moral certainty, those heroes usually poe a tragic flaw—a quality that, though admirable, leads to their eventual downfall.If pride is Santiago’s fatal flaw, he is keenly aware of it.After sharks have destroyed the marlin, the old man apologizes again and again to his worthy opponent.He has ruined them both, he concedes, by sailing beyond the usual boundaries of fishermen.Indeed, his last word on the subject comes when he asks himself the reason for his undoing and decides, “Nothing...I went out too far.”
While it is certainly true that Santiago’s eighty-four-day run of bad luck is an affront to his pride as a masterful fisherman, and that his attempt to bear out his skills by sailing far into the gulf waters leads to disaster, Hemingway does not condemn his protagonist for being full of pride.On the contrary, Santiago stands as proof that pride motivates men to greatne.Because the old man acknowledges that he killed the mighty marlin largely out of pride, and because his
capture of the marlin leads in turn to his heroic transcendence of defeat, pride becomes the source of Santiago’s greatest strength.Without a ferocious sense of pride, that battle would never have been fought, or more likely, it would have been abandoned before the end.Santiago’s pride also motivates his desire to transcend the destructive forces of nature.Throughout the novel, no matter how baleful his circumstances become, the old man exhibits an unflagging determination to catch the marlin and bring it to shore.When the first shark arrives, Santiago’s resolve is mentioned twice in the space of just a few paragraphs.First we are told that the old man “was full of resolution but he had little hope.” Then, sentences later, the narrator says, “He hit [the shark] without hope but with resolution.” The old man meets every challenge with the same unwavering determination: he is willing to die in order to bring in the marlin, and he is willing to die in order to battle the feeding sharks.It is this conscious decision to act, to fight, to never give up that enables Santiago to avoid defeat.Although he returns to Havana without the trophy of his long battle, he returns with the knowledge that he has acquitted himself proudly and manfully.Hemingway seems to suggest that victory is not a prerequisite for honor.Instead, glory depends upon one having the pride to see a struggle through to its end, regardle of the outcome.Even if the old man had returned
with the marlin intact, his moment of glory, like the marlin’s meat, would have been short-lived.The glory and honor Santiago accrues comes not from his battle itself but from his pride and determination to fight.Motifs Crucifixion Imagery In order to suggest the profundity of the old man’s sacrifice and the glory that derives from it, Hemingway purposefully likens Santiago to Christ, who, according to Christian theology, gave his life for the greater glory of humankind.Crucifixion imagery is the most noticeable way in which Hemingway creates the symbolic parallel between Santiago and Christ.When Santiago’s palms are first cut by his fishing line, the reader cannot help but think of Christ suffering his stigmata.Later, when the sharks arrive, Hemingway portrays the old man as a crucified martyr, saying that he makes a noise similar to that of a man having nails driven through his hands.Furthermore, the image of the old man struggling up the hill with his mast acro his shoulders recalls Christ’s march toward Calvary.Even the position in which Santiago collapses on his bed—face down with his arms out straight and the palms of his hands up—brings to mind the image of Christ suffering on the cro.Hemingway employs these
images in the final pages of the novella in order to link Santiago to Christ, who exemplified transcendence by turning lo into gain, defeat into triumph, and even death into renewed life.Life from Death Death is the unavoidable force in the novella, the one fact that no living creature can escape.But death, Hemingway suggests, is never an end in itself: in death there is always the poibility of the most vigorous life.The reader notes that as Santiago slays the marlin, not only is the old man reinvigorated by the battle, but the fish also comes alive “with his death in him.” Life, the poibility of renewal, necearily follows on the heels of death.Whereas the marlin’s death hints at a type of physical reanimation, death leads to life in le literal ways at other points in the novella.The book’s crucifixion imagery emphasizes the cyclical connection between life and death, as does Santiago’s battle with the marlin.His succe at bringing the marlin in earns him the awed respect of the fishermen who once mocked him, and secures him the companionship of Manolin, the apprentice who will carry on Santiago’s teachings long after the old man has died.The Lions on the Beach
Santiago dreams his pleasant dream of the lions at play on the beaches of Africa three times.The first time is the night before he departs on his three-day fishing expedition, the second occurs when he sleeps on the boat for a few hours in the middle of his struggle with the marlin, and the third takes place at the very end of the book.In fact, the sober promise of the triumph and regeneration with which the novella closes is supported by the final image of the lions.Because Santiago aociates the lions with his youth, the dream suggests the circular nature of life.Additionally, because Santiago imagines the lions, fierce predators, playing, his dream suggests a harmony between the opposing forces—life and death, love and hate, destruction and regeneration—of nature.Symbols The Marlin Magnificent and glorious, the marlin symbolizes the ideal opponent.In a world in which “everything kills everything else in some way,” Santiago feels genuinely lucky to find himself matched against a creature that brings out the best in him: his strength, courage, love, and respect.The Shovel-Nosed Sharks
The shovel-nosed sharks are little more than moving appetites that thoughtlely and gracelely attack the marlin.As opponents of the old man, they stand in bold contrast to the marlin, which is worthy of Santiago’s effort and strength.They symbolize and embody the destructive laws of the universe and attest to the fact that those laws can be transcended only when equals fight to the death.Because they are base predators, Santiago wins no glory from battling them.Then I will say something about another major characters— Manolin,who is Santiago’s best friend in reality.Manolin is present only in the beginning and at the end of The Old Man and the Sea, but his presence is important because Manolin’s devotion to Santiago highlights Santiago’s value as a person and as a fisherman.Manolin demonstrates his love for Santiago openly.He makes sure that the old man has food, blankets, and can rest without being bothered.Despite Hemingway’s insistence that his characters were a real old man and a real boy, Manolin’s purity and singlene of purpose elevate him to the level of a symbolic character.Manolin’s actions are not tainted by the confusion, ambivalence, or willfulne that typify adolescence.Instead, he is a companion who feels nothing but love and devotion.Hemingway does hint at the boy’s resentment for his father, whose wishes Manolin obeys by abandoning the old man after forty days without catching a fish.This fact helps to establish the boy as a real human being—a person with conflicted loyalties who faces difficult decisions.By the end of the book, however, the boy abandons his duty to his father, swearing that he will sail with the old man regardle of the consequences.He stands, in the novella’s final pages, as a symbol of uncompromised love and fidelity.As the old man’s apprentice, he also represents the life that will follow from death.His dedication to learning from the old man ensures that Santiago will live on.When I read “ the senior fisherman think: Here to the seacoast really was too near, perhaps could have a bigger fish in a farther place...” When, I extremely admire this senior fisherman, because he by now already projected on some fish, but he had not settled to the present situation, but was approaches the bigger goal advance.Again has a look us, usually meets one slightly is difficult, we all complain inceantly.We will be the motherland future, will be supposed to like this old person same mind lofty aspiration, will even better pursue even better, the bigger goal.When I read “ the big marlin start fast to gather round the young fishing boat hover, twined the cable on the mast, the old person right hand lifted up high the steel fork, leapt the water surface in it the flash, did utmost throws to its heart, one wail ended the big fish's life, it was static static floats on the water surface...” When, my heart also liked together the big stone falls.I extremely admire old person that kind do not dread, the relentle spirit, although knows the match strength is very strong, but he not slightly flinches, but is welcomes difficultly above.Just because had this kind of spirit, the senior fisherman only then achieved this life and death contest succe.We also must study senior fisherman's spirit in life, handles the matter does not fear the difficulty, only then can obtain succefully.Was reading the big fish's smell of blood is smelled by one crowd of shark fish, struggled swims snatches the food, old person's left hand happen to in the convulsions, he only could use the right hand, with wooden stick，the mouth and so on all was allowed to use for the weapon self-defense which attacked, and finally expelled this crowd of shark fish.But the big fish's meat was already eaten one most, but the old person also charmingly criticized oneself the left hand “ this work time actually was resting ” time, I also was subdued by the old person optimistic spirit.In the life, some loes are
inevitable, we should treat by the optimistic manner, cannot be calculating.Finally, the novel sees by one youth the senior fisherman fully has 18 foot long big marlin in the measure, once more described this fish's hugene, explained senior fisherman overcomes the difficulty was big, non-was more common than.The novel eulogized the spirit which the senior fisherman fear hard and dangerous diligently did not struggle, we also should like his such, could not satisfy the present situation, should positively to above, do any matter all is relentle, meets difficultly must welcome difficultly above, could give up halfway in no way.Only has this, we only then can obtain a bigger succe and the victory.
