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Unit 1 Food and Drinks
1.Before Reading 1.1.1 Directions: What do we eat in our daily diet? Name the following food and drinks.Fruits, corn, fish, eggs, carrots, tomatoes, cucumber, cabbage,Sweets, chocolate, potato chips Rice, dumplings, noodles, cake, pizza, hamburger Coffee, milk tea, juice，Whisky, ram, liquor, vodka, cocktail Vegetables cabbage, carrot, tomato, bean, garlic, pepper, cucumber, broccoli, onion, cauliflower, pumpkin, mushroom Fruit
apple, mango, pear, cherry, strawberry, lemon, coconut, peach,watermelon, lychee, pineapple, grape Meat
pork, beef, lamb, chicken, turkey, mutton， fish, sea food
1.1.2 Directions: What foods are healthy for us and what are junk food?
Junk food /Healthy food
fried chicken, chocolates, ice-cream, sugar , chips … Fruits, vegetables, fish , meat ,noodles ,dumplings …
1.1.3 What do you know about western food and Chinese food? 中国快餐(Chinese fast food)烧饼
Clay oven rolls 油条
Fried bread stick 水饺
Boiled dumplings 馒头
Steamed buns 皮蛋
1000-year egg 咸鸭蛋
Salted duck egg 豆浆
Soybean milk 稀饭
Rice porridge 蛋炒饭
Fried rice with egg 地瓜粥
Sweet potato congee 馄饨面
Wonton and noodles 米粉
Rice noodles 臭豆腐
Smelly tofu
蛋卷
Egg rolls 绿豆糕
Bean paste cake 肉丸
Rice-meat dumplings 西餐(Western food)Salad 沙拉(凉拌菜)Fish pie 鱼馅饼 Roast beef 烤牛肉 Steak
牛排 Crackers 咸饼干
Mashed potato 土豆泥 Cheese 乳酪 Pork chop 猪排
Chocolate pudding 巧克力布丁 McDonald 麦当劳 Hot dog 热狗
Pizza 比萨(意大利烘馅饼)Sandwich 三明治 Sausage 香肠 Ketchup 番茄酱
Doughnut 面包圈 Hamburger 汉堡包 Milk shake 奶昔 1.1.4 Game Time
Divide the students into groups of five.Give the first student a word about food, let him/her try to remember it and spell it secretly to the next one.If the fifth student spell the word correctly, then the team gets One score.The team that scores Ten first will win.mushroom
蘑菇
asparagus
芦笋
broccoli
椰菜, 花茎甘蓝 lettuce 莴苣 celery
芹菜 cauliflower 花菜 cherry 樱桃 garlic 蒜
ginger root 姜 tangerine 橘子 pomegranate 石榴 chilli pepper 尖椒 persimmon
柿子
1.2 Video-watching 1.2.1.What are the rats doing in the kitchen? 1.2.2.What does the dish remind the long-faced critic of?
1.2.3.Do you believe that everyone can become a cook? 2.Global Reading 2.1 Directions: Scan the text and answer the following questions.1.How do you understand fast food? 2.What is the key to succe of the fast food chains? 3.What factors influence people‘s dieting preferences?
4.What is the purpose of the extensive research conducted by fast food companies? 5.In paragraph 4, what does ―side order‖ mean? 6.What is Thailand‘s favorite fast food?
7.In India, why are the beef and pork not eaten? 8.What do burger chains offer in the United States? 9.What is the situation of dining out in Ruia before the chain restaurants opened? 10.Can you list some local favorites in your hometown? 2.2 Text Structure Part Division Main Ideas I 1—2
Fast food chains are succeful and their key to succe is tailoring menus to suit different tastes and cultures.II 3—10
Fast food restaurant McDonald‘s embraces the different preferences and designs different menus to offer local favorites in different countries.Ⅲ 11
Fast food restaurants are ready and willing to sell people anything they desire to eat.Paragraph Pattern – From general to specific
3.Detailed Reading 3.1 Background Information 3.1.1
France: goose liver, cheese, wine India: braised beef with curry, roti prata,tea with milk FOOD LIKES: Food----KFC;braised beef with curry(咖喱牛肉饭);cheese;
hamburger;roti prata(抛饼);goose liver Drinks----tea with milk;wine;cola.3.1.2 Specials in Different Countries
Food Taboo
At an informal meal, the table setting is not cluttered and all the flatware is laid on the table at one time.At the host's option the deert utensils may be brought to the table on the deert plate.To avoid cutter, the general rule for a any table setting is to include no more than three utensils on either side of the dinner plate at a time.The exception is the oyster(or seafood)fork, which may be placed to the right of the last spoon even when it is the fourth utensil to the right of the plate.The initial table setting for a typical formal dinner should look something like this:
Alcoholics Anonymous(AA)is an international mutual aid movement which says its “primary purpose is to stay sober and help other alcoholics achieve sobriety” founded in 1935 by Bill Wilson and Dr.Bob Smith(Bill W.and Dr.Bob)in Akron, Ohio.3.1.3 Fast Food with Global Menu Donna O‘Meara
Do you want fries with that? Just what is ―that‖? It depends on where you are in the world.Some of the most succeful global businees on the planet are fast food chains.Their key to succe is tailoring menus to suit different tastes and cultures.People around the world have very different preferences in food, and their diets are influenced by geography, local customs and religious restrictions.Some cultures avoid certain foods, or they will eat things you wouldn‘t.Fast food restaurants have embraced these differences.For example, McDonald‘s may not offer the same menu to Ruian customers that it does to Japanese customers, but people in both countries receive a meal packaged in paper printed with the company‘s identifiable ―M‖.Fast food companies conduct extensive research to tailor menus for regional differences.So, in the busy city of Dubai, United Arab Emirates, where people‘s diets are influenced by their Muslim beliefs, McDonald‘s serves up the McArabia burger.With grilled minced meat combined with onions and Arabian spices, the burger is based on a traditional favorite Muslim dinner.And what do hamburger restaurants serve in countries like Japan, where people prefer to eat fish, sushi, and rice? It‘s simple: they offer a hot fried shrimp burger with a side order of steamed rice instead of French fries.Burger chains offer local favorites throughout Asia.Korean burgers are pork patties cooked in a traditional Korean barbecue garlic sauce.Taiwanese diners favor spicy chicken drumstick sandwiches, in line with their tastes for spicy food and dark meat.Thailand‘s favorite fast food is a spicy pork burger and a green tea pie deert.Children in Spain order tapas, a lot of small bites of local food favorites, at their local burger restaurant.Australia and New Zealand restaurants reflect local food preferences by adding egg, bacon, beet root, and cheese to burgers.In India, cows are considered sacred and are never killed.Beef and pork are not eaten as this would be a serious offence to Hindu beliefs.Burger sellers faced a huge challenge in designing menus for Indians.A local Indian favorite is the Chicken McCurry Pan, a blend of tomato sauce, mixed with chicken, baked, and served on spiced bread and topped with cheese.Canadian fast food chains serve something that looks like a traditional Canadian dish consisting of French fries covered in cheese curds and gravy.The favorite in El Salvadoran burger chains, is filled with meat and cheese.Argentineans favor steak sandwiches based on a local herbed sauce.Burger chains in the United States offer local favorites, too.In New Mexico, you can get peppers on your sandwich;breakfast burritos are served throughout the Southwest;and pineapple-topped burgers are offered in Hawaii.Before chain restaurants opened in Ruia, dining out was limited and not always a pleasant experience.Waiters were usually rude to many customers.So when more than 125 fast food burger restaurants opened acro Ruia, a record of 30,000 Ruians rushed to the openings, lined up, and waited for hours to buy hamburgers and French fries, all because they were served happily with a smile and a thank-you.Ruian people found this to be a delightful experience and made the Ruian fast food hamburger busine the fifth largest market in all of Europe.The list of local favorites around the world is endle.One thing is for sure: People like to eat, and fast food restaurants are ready and willing to sell them anything they desire.So, if being a restaurant entrepreneur is your dream, you‘d better start planning your global menu now.3.3 Useful Expreion 1.depend on v.1)取决于
2)依赖，依靠
All living things depend on the sun for their growth.万物生长靠太阳。
Whether he will come depends on the weather.他是否回来取决于天气的原因。
同义词
depend on;rely on;count on 这组动词的一般意义为―组成‖ 或―构成‖。depend on：取决于。rely on：依靠。count on：指望。
We can depend on his arriving here on time.You can rely on your solicitor's profeionalism in dealing with the house purchase.That was the only thing they could count on.你尽可依靠律师处理购房事宜。我们可以相信他会准时到来。那是他们唯一依靠的东西。
Look at the gold chain Tim bought for me, it‘s very beautiful.KFC是世界最有名的连锁餐厅之一。看汤姆跟我买的金链子，它很漂亮。
2.chain n.shops/hotels 连锁店
joined rings 链子
KFC is one of the most famous chain restaurants in the world.Each country must tailor its energy plan to its energy resources.每一个国家都必须根据它们自己的能源资源来制定能源计划。
3.tailor
v.make something right for your needs 使合适
n.someone who makes clothes 裁缝
Ask the tailor to lengthen my coat because it is too short for me.让裁缝把我的大衣放长些,我穿着太短了。A polar bear has a preference for cold weather.北极熊喜欢寒冷的天气。
4.preference n.you like to have or do one thing rather than something else 偏爱
If you watch your diet, then you won't have to suffer the pain of going on a diet.如果你注意饮食,那么你就不须受节食之苦。
5.diet n.the type and range of food that you regularly eat日常食物, 规定饮食
The swimming club is open to families in the neighborhood without restriction.这个游泳俱乐部对邻近地区的家庭开放，不受限制。
6.restriction n.Translation
an official rule that limits what you can do or that limits the amount or size of something限制;约束仿效
她热情地接受了到欧洲旅行的建议。
He enfolded the child in an affectionate embrace.他疼爱得把孩子紧紧搂在怀里。
7.embrace
v.accept it and start supporting it or believing in it 包含，包括，接受
n.hug somebody 拥抱
She eagerly embraced the offer of a trip to Europe.Nearly all the children are offered shelters from their parents.I'll offer you 10 pounds for this book.几乎所有的小孩都能得到父母提供的庇护。
8.offer
v.someone says they will give you or do for you.提供
v.make available for sale出价
n.something offered(as a proposal or bid)出价, 提议 Translation 我出10 磅钱买你这本书。
To poe a concept is not to own some easily identifiable article.持有一个概念并不是持有某个容易辨认的物品。
9.identifiable a.Something or someone that is identifiable can be recognized.可认明的, 可识别的 Recently the police conducts a survey about reducing the criminal rate.最近警察进行了一个减少犯罪率的调查。
Copper conducts electricity better than iron does.10.conduct
v.进行……的事，引导, 指挥, 管理
v.导电，传热
n.行为
Mr.Green will conduct the orchestra.The reporter was accused of unprofeional conduct.格林先生将指挥这支管弦乐队。
那位记者被控有违反职业道德的行为。铜的导电性比铁强。
先生的学问博大精深。
The teacher had both extensive knowledge and profound scholarship.11.extensive a.covers or includes a large physical area.广的, 多方面的, 广泛的 If you can get everyone to sit at the table I'm ready to serve up the food.12.serve up v.1)端上 2)担任
Section Chairs may serve up to three one-year terms.小组的主席可以连任三届。
如果你让每个人都入席了,我就上菜了。
Come about 4 o'clock.We'll have cocktails and grill steaks.请四点钟左右来,我们喝鸡尾酒,吃烤牛排。
13.grill
v.cook something using very strong heat directly above or below it.烧, 烤
2)n.a part of a stove which produces strong heat to cook food that has been placed underneath it.烤架;烤肉;铁格子 Translation Put the bread under the grill to make the toast for breakfast.把面包放在烤架下准备做早饭吃的吐司。Mince the meat and the onion.把肉和洋葱剁碎吧。
14.mince
1)v.put it into a machine which cuts it into very small pieces.切碎
2)n.meat which has been cut into very small pieces using a machine.碎肉 Generally speaking, I don't like spicy food.我一般不爱吃辛辣的食物。
15.spicy a.strongly flavoured with spices.加了香料的;辛辣的 Nowadays many teenagers favor to recognize face book as their entertainment.现在的年轻人都喜欢将facebook作为他们娱乐的方法。
16.favor v.you like something 喜爱，偏爱 Detailed Reading 相关词语 favorite a.特别喜爱的n.特别喜爱的人或物
Baseball is my favorite sport.What's your favorite? 垒球是我最喜欢的一项体育活动,你最喜欢什么活动? His ideas on politics are exactly in line with mine.他的政治见解跟我的一致。17.in line with
与...一致
Her sad looks reflected the thought paing through her mind.我经常思考人生的美丽与复杂。
她忧戚的面容反映出她内心的思想。
I often reflect on the beauty and complexity of life.18.reflect v.show反应
think 思考
In India the cow is a sacred animal.在印度，牛是神圣的动物。
19.sacred a.believed to be holy and to have a special connection with God.神的, 宗教的;不可侵犯的;神圣的Whether a gun is a weapon of offence or a weapon of defense depends on which end of it you are at.枪是攻击武器还是防御武器，要看你的目的而定。
20.offence n.a crime that breaks a particular law and requires a particular punishment.犯罪, 违反, 冒犯，攻击
相关词语 offensive a.讨厌的, 攻击性的, 无礼的You will find it difficult to explain away your use of such offensive language.你使用这样无礼的语言是很难说得过去的。
We will build our defenses beyond challenge, lest weakne invite challenge.21.challenge n.v.挑战
我们要防患于未然,懈怠会带来麻烦。
They had challenged and beaten the best team in the world.他们曾向世界上最强的球队挑战并将他们打败。根据原子理论,所有的元素都是由原子所组成的。
According to the theory of atoms all elements consist of atoms.22.consist of
由……组成 辨析
consist of;be made up of;be composed of consist是不及物动词，consist of 不可用于被动语态。
be made up of 和be composed of指由…组成，用于被动语态。The book is ___________________ 25 units.该书由25个单元组成。
The house _______ 6 rooms.这个房子有六个房间。Practice consists of composed of/ made up of Detailed Reading 辨析
compose;consist of;comprise;constitute 这组动词的一般意义为―组成‖ 或―构成‖。
compose：在表示―由……材料构成‖时，见于被动语态；在用于主动语态时，一般它所表示的―构成‖或―组成‖总包含着融合为一，而且主语或者是复数名词或者是集体名词。
consist of: 含义与被动语态的 compose 相同。
Concrete is composed of cement, sand and gravel mixed with water.混凝土由水泥、砂、石子与水掺和而构成。
England, Scotland and Wales compose the island of Great Britain.英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士构成大不列颠岛。
Though the costume consists only of a sheet, it was very effective.虽然那件化装服装仅由一条床单组成，但效果很好。
辨析
compose;consist of;comprise;constitute comprise：在表示―构成‖时的内涵是―包括‖或―覆盖‖
constitute：主语可以是复数名词也可以是单数名词，所―构成‖的事物在属性和特征上，亦或在组织上，与组成成分是一致的
These houses do not comprises all his property.这些房产并没有构成他的全部财产。
The committee comprises men of widely different views.这个委员会由见解甚为悬殊的人组成。
This growing poverty in the midst of growing poverty constitutes a permanent menace to peace.在这种不断增长的贫困中正在增长着的贫困，构成了对和平的永久的威胁。
Seven days constitutes a week.七天构成一个星期。
Evidence based on the reports of others rather than the personal knowledge of a witne and therefore generally not admiible as testimony.传闻证据证人根据别人讲述的内容而不是本人所了解的情况作出的证词，因此一向不作为可接受的证据。
23.base on v.基于
Line up these men and see if the witne can recognize the criminal.把队伍排整齐他们就能拿到票了。将这些人排成一行，看看目击者是否能认出罪犯。To line up the crowd and they will get the tickets.24.line up
1)排队 2)整齐，对齐
He was willing to lay down his life for his country.他愿意为祖国牺牲他的生命。
25.be willing to
愿意
彼得认为,企业家的职能是革新。
In Schumpeter's view, the function of the entrepreneur was innovation.26.entrepreneur n.a person who sets up businees and busine deals.企业家;主办人
3.4 Difficult Sentences 1.Do you want fries with that? Just what is ―that‖? It depends on where you are in the world.What you eat fries with depends on your location in the world.你想用炸薯条搭配―那个‖一起吃吗？―那个‖是什么？这取决于你位于世界何处。
It depends on where you are in the world.是一个由where引导的宾语从句，其中It指代――那个‖是什么？‖，―那个‖又源于首句―你想用炸薯条搭配―那个‖一起吃吗？‖。三句结合，才能理解作者意思。采用疑问句开篇，引起读者兴趣。Just用法地道。that与which, where与in/at/on/...which This is the factory where/in which you worked last year.关系词在定语从句中作状语，所以用关系副词where或in which，因为定语从句中worked 是不及物动词。
This is the factory that/which/you visited last year.关系词在定语从句中做宾语，因此用that或which，还可以省略，visited是及物动词。
2.McDonald‘s may not offer the same menu to Ruian
customers that it does to Japanese customers……
麦当劳公司就不会把提供给俄罗斯顾客的菜单照搬到日本……
The menu McDonald‘s offers to Ruian
customers is different from the menu it offers to Japanese customers……
句中that引导的同位语从句，由于与the same搭配，采用does简略表示，只将不同之处即宾语写出即可。
the same as 与the same that都可以接从句，as从句中说明的名词与the same 修饰的名词是同一类，而非同一个。that从句中说明的名词与the same 修饰的名词是同一个。例如： He is wearing the same coat as Tom.他穿的衣服和汤姆的是一模一样的，但不是同一件。This is the same coat that Tom lost yesterday.这就是昨天汤姆丢掉的那件衣服，是同一件。
3.With grilled minced meat combined with onions and Arabian spices, the burger is based on a traditional favorite Muslim dinner.这种汉堡来源于传统的穆斯林食品，馅料是烤肉末加洋葱和阿拉伯香料。
The burger is based on a traditional favorite Muslim dinner.It has grilled minced meat combined with onions and Arabian spices.combined with onions and Arabian spices修饰meat。整个前半句为with引导的独立主格结构，这种结构虽然主要用作状语，但可以表示伴随、方式、原因、结果等各种复杂的情况。结构：with+名词（代词）+介词短语/形容词/副词/名词/现在分词/过去分词/不定式 He sat there thinking, with his chin on his hand． 他手托下巴，坐在那儿沉思。
He stared at his friend with his mouth wide open． 他张大嘴巴凝视着他的朋友。
The stupid Emperor walked in the proceion with nothing on．
这位愚蠢的皇帝一丝不挂地行进在游行队伍中。
He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl． 他去世的时候，女儿还是个中学生。
She stood there chatting with her friend, with her child playing beside her．
她站在那儿跟朋友闲聊，孩子在旁边玩。
The goalkeeper left Japan with his flaws laid bare． 这位守门员离开了日本，而他的缺点却暴露无遗。
With 10 minutes to go, you‘d better hurry．
还有十分钟，你最好快一点。
4.……they offer a hot fried shrimp burger with a side order of steamed rice instead of French fries.他们制作了炸虾汉堡，配以蒸熟的米饭而不是薯条。
……they offer a hot fried shrimp burger with a side order of steamed rice, instead of offering a hot fried shrimp burger with a side order of French fries.Detailed Reading with a side order of steamed rice instead of French fries为with引导的复合结构，此处用作后置定语。
side order: n.an amount of food that a restaurant serves you at the same time as the main course of a meal but on a separate plate 主菜之外附带加的菜 I would like a side order of fried onion.我想再另点一些油炸洋葱。
instead of: in place of;but not 代替；而不（常跟名词，代词或动名词）I have come instead of my brother.He is ill.我代替我哥哥来，他病了。
5.A local Indian favorite is the Chicken McCurry Pan, a blend of tomato sauce, mixed with chicken, baked, and served on spiced bread and topped with cheese.当地印度人最爱吃的是咖喱鸡肉饼，把鸡肉和番茄酱混合后再进行烘烤，然后搭配加了香料的面包，最后在鸡肉饼上放一些奶酪。
A local Indian favorite is the Chicken McCurry Pan.It is a blend of tomato sauce, mixed with chicken, baked, then served on spiced bread, finally topped with cheese.a blend of tomato sauce为Chicken McCurry Pan的同位语，之后几个过去分词做了定语，阐述了肉饼的制作过程，是对前半句中the Chicken McCurry Pan的解释。
4.After Reading 取决于
depend on 成功的秘诀key to succe 例如for example 一样the same 提供 serve up 把…合起来 combine with 更喜欢 prefer to 而非instead of 与…一致 in line with 许多a lot of 巨大挑战a huge challenge 由…混合而成a blend of 混合mix with 看起来像look like 包括consist of 用…填满fill… with 基于base on 到餐馆吃dine out 排队line up 增加add to 4.After Reading 4.1 Summary
What you eat fries with ______________ your location in the world.Although people have __________, fast food restaurants have __________these differences.They ______ extensive research to _____ menus.Burger chains ____ local favorites.Burger sellers faced a huge _________ in designing menus in India where cows are considered ______.Beef and pork are not eaten as this would be a serious ______.So a ______ of tomato sauce, chicken, etc.is ______ __.When fast food burger restaurants opened acro Ruia, 30,000 Ruians ____ __ and waited for hours.One thing is for sure: People like to eat, and fast food restaurants are ready and _____ to sell them anything they desire.4.2 Directions: Fill in the blanks and complete the summary of the text.1)This coffee is a ___________ of Java and Brazil.2)Neither party in Congre is willing to___________ both sides of that proposal.3)We are __________ a survey of consumer attitudes towards organic food.4)You should __________ your spending to your income.5)I must say I have a strong __________ for claical music.6)The _______ palaces of the Wudang Mountain invite a good many visitors.7)He ___________ up the books and put them under his bed after examination.8)Well… if you like hot and ___________ food, please try Sichuan food.9)You can have a healthy body by selecting a healthy _________.10)The problem was how to say ‗no‘ to her without causing _____________.4.3 Directions: Choose the best one to complete the following sentences.1)The United Kingdom ______ Great Britain and Northern Ireland.A)is consisted of
B)consists of
C)made up of
D)makes up of
2)While in London, we paid a visit to the hospital founded ______ the nurse Florence Nightingale.A)in line with
B)in favor of
C)in place
D)in honor of 3)The house is easily ______ by the large tree outside.A)unidentifiable
B)identifiable
C)identify
D)identified 4)Oil does not ____ with water.A)connect
B)mix
C)unify
D)combine 5)Despite several failures, they continued to ______ the experiment.A)cut
B)condense
C)conduct
D)change 6)We can ______ our design to meet your request.A)reflect
B)make
C)tailor
D)shape 7)The group of technicians are engaged in a study which ______ all aspects of urban planning.A)inserts
B)grips
C)performs
D)embraces
8)The supply of electric power to Madrid and neighboring districts has had to be ______.A)weakened
B)omitted
C)restricted
D)lowered 9)China and Australia in many areas share ______
common interest.A)extensive
B)intensive
C)expensive
D)extended 10)Our English teacher always can ____ education ___ recreation.A)mix...with
B)join...with
C)compare...with
D)aociate...with
4.4 Directions: Translate the following sentences into English by using the words and phrases given in the brackets.1)我们学校的足球队由24名成员组成。
2)我把旧衣服打包并放进我的车子里。3)学生们排队上校车。
4)这部小说是现实和想象的迷人结合。
5)我不知道你喜欢吃什么，请你自便吧。fter Reading
