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1.List of Phonetic Symbols
A.English Vowels
（元音）
1./ / see
2./ / ship
3./ / let
4./ / back
5./ / far
6./ / box
7./ / horse
8./ /good
9./ / soon
10./ /cut
11./ /first6
12./ /doctor
B.English Diphthongs(双元音)1./ / day
2./ / boat
3./ / fine
4./ / now
5./ / boy
6./ / here
7./ / pair
8./ / sure，poor
C．English Consonants（辅音）
1./ / pen
2./ / back
3./ / time
4./ /do
5./ / come
6./ / get
7./ /five
8./ /voice
9./ /think
10./ / that
11./ / say
12./ / zoo
13./ / show
14./ / pleasure
15./ / run
16./ / he
17./ / chair
18./ / job
19./ / try
20./ / dry
21./ / cats
22./ / beds
23./ / mouth
24./ / name
25./ / song
26./ / like/tell
27./ / we
28./ / yes 2.Simple Claification of English vowels and Consonants A． Claification of vowels 1）front vowels：/
/ 2）back vowels：/
/ 3）central vowels：/
/ B． Claification of Consonants 1）Plosive consonants（爆破音）：/
/ 2）fricative consonants（摩擦音）：/
/ 3）affricate consonants（塞擦音）：/
/ 4）nasal consonants（鼻音）：/
/ 5）lateral consonants（舌边音）：/
/ 6）semi-vowels（半音）：/
/ 3.Exercises for the 4 Front Vowels No。1
/ / 1）Articulation：
2）Spelling：ea，ee，ie，ei，e，y，I 3）Words：beat，meal，please，clean，neat，eat，bee，tree，free，see，sheep，deep，breeze，grief，piece，belief，receive，key，people，quay 4）Phrases：a team leader/ a league meeting/ the Chinese People/ the east Sea Fleet/ a real secret/ a piece of lean meat 5）Sentences：
Please read it。
Please keep it a secret。Eve is Peter’niece。
Do you see the green leaves of each tree in the field？ A friend in need is a friend indeed。Seeing is believing。Jean is as busy as a bee。
She agrees to leave the beach at three。6）Poem：
See the breeze teasing the tree，Weaving the leaves or shaking them free，Toing the fleece of sheep，That keep on peacefully feeding，half asleep。No。2 /
/ 1）Articulation：
2）Spelling：I，y，ey，ie，e 3）Words：it，hit，sit，bit，fit，big，pig，pretty，city，ready，barley，Charlie，desire，explain，/ horses，races，prices，causes，/ parted，waited，needed，/forest，honest，longest 4）Phrases：a big clinic/ a big dictionary/ a bit chilly/ a bit dizzy/ fix it/ finish it/ bit by bit/ little by little/pretty busy 5）Sentences：
Tim’s as thin as a pin。Finish it quickly。It isn’t difficult。
Why is Sister Lily sitting there knitting in silence? This little inn is the best in the village.Let’s put up in it.6)Poem: The fish in the river swiftly swim, And slip through the weeds with a silver gleam.Till they flick their fins and rise with a swish, To nibble the midges that skim the stream.Contrast Between / / and / / /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ seen
sin
read
rid feel
fill
each
itch heel
hill
sleep
slip seek
sick
peep
pip peach
pitch
green
grin leak
lick
cheek
chick steel
still
greed
grid seat
sit
reach
rich leave
live
peak
pick deep
dip
kneel
nil feet
fit 1)Please sit in the this seat.2)Those bins are for beans.3)These shoes should fit your feet.4)They ship sheep.5)This week seems very long.This wick seems very long.6)Don’t sleep on the deck.Don’t slip on the deck.7)I hope you win the puppy.I hope you wean the puppy.8)She wore a neat suit.She wore a knit suit.9)Feel this bag.Fill this bag.10)The smithy has to hit the horse shoes.The smithy has to heat the horse shoes.11)They talked about the mill.They talked about the meal.(wean, win)It’s time to wean the child.(feel, fill)He doesn’t seem to feel the need.(peak, pick)He walked confidently towards the peak.No.3 /
/(American /
/)1.Articulation Tongue----the front raised a little lower than for /
/;tip touches lower teeth Aperture----the jaw drops a little bit about 3-4 mm 2.Spelling: e, ea, a 3.Words: bed, let, step, yet, debt, neck, bread, dead, head, many, any, Thames, that, bury, leisure, heifer, leopard, jeopardy 4.Phrases: very well/ get ready/ ten desks/ twenty cents/ the next sentence/ my best friend/ wet with sweat/ terrible weather/ pre the bell/ a red head-dre/ fresh and energetic 5.Sentences: Well, let’s get everything ready.Better late than never.Every little helps.Remember to get me ten desks.All is well that ends well.（结局好，一切都好）Better to do well than to say well.East or west, home is best.I can’t get to my best friend’s wedding.6.Poem: To tell that Ted is well, That Ben and Be are better, And that Ned says he is best of all, Let’s send a special letter.No.4
/
/ 1.Articulation 2.Spelling: a 3.Words: gather, bad, map, fat, hat, cat, mad, back, glad, lamp, / plait, plaid 4.sentences: A fact is a fact.Hang your cap on the stand.Fancy that.Catch that mad black cat.Thank you for the stamp.Hand me the hammer.Don’t let the cat out of the bag.Handsome is as handsomes does.5.Poems: 1)I met a little boy Jack, Who came from another land, I couldn’t speak his language, But I took him by the hand.2)To action and back, On their narrow track, The trains clang, And rattle and bang, And with angry crackles, They sometimes scatter electric sparks above the clatter.Contrast Between /
/and /
/ /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ bag
beg
gas
gue mat
met
sad
said bad
bed
sand
send pack
peck
ham
hem pan
pen
lad
led 1)This bed is bad.2)This is a bad pen.3)I gue they want gas.4)Can you bend that iron band? 5)What daddy said made me sad.6)Sleeping in that bed is bad for my back.4.Exercises for the 5 Back Vowels No.1 /
/ 1.Articulation 2.Spelling;a, ar 3.Words: cla, gla, ask, mask, drama, gra, advance, pardon, parcel, car, far, march, mark, army, depart 4.Phrases: a large parcel/ a basket of bananas/ pa the gla/ half past one/ after the party/ after the dance/ rather fast/ hard-heartened/ master of arts 5.Sentences:
1)The party stopped at half past ten.2)The partisan fastened the parcel to the basket.3)A large army marched past the farmyard.4)Farmer Bames is a hard man for a bargain, but he isn’t hard-hearted.6.Poems: Past barges and carts, Past harbours and far4ms, The cars go darting by Till after dark their sparkling lights, Startle the starry sky.No.2 /
/ 1.Articulation 2.spelling: o, a 3.words: operate, top, shop, hot, rod, rock, dog, wash, watch, what 4.Phrases: a soft song/ a popular opera/ a coffee shop, lost a lot/ got a job/ lost the bottle/ quality and quantity/ college concert/ a model hospital 5.Sentences:
1)The clock has stopped.2)Copy the song, it’s not long.3)Lost time is never found again.4)The sun shone on the pond.5)He lost his job in the foreign office.6)I’m sorry the cloth got lost in the wash.7)You don’t often come acro a donkey on the common.8)The doctor forgot to stop at the cro-roads.No.3 /
/ 1.articulation: 2.spelling: a, aw, or, au, ou, ore, oor, oar, our 3.words: all, war, chalk, law, waw, jaw, nor, sport, horse, ought, thought, daughter, caught, before, door, soar, four, more, floor, board, court 4.phrases: a small horse/ walk north/ a short report/ more orders/ a warm autumn/ a door and a wall 5.sentences:
1)He poured water into his gla of port.2)There’s more room on the fourth floor.3)Paul halted at the door.4)My daughter saw some water running under the door.5)He ordered four more Ports.6)She puts more salt in the water.7)He thought he saw a hawk on the lawn.8)The war started one august morning.9)A squall of wind hit the ships in the port at dawn.10)There are four more balls by the wall.6.contrasts: shop talk/ borrow a horse/ a small cottage/ stop to draw/ on the top floor/ an ordinary watch 1)He bought tall pots for the porters.2)George has forgotten Morsecode.3)They bought new cots for the court!4)I saw lots of horses walking acro the lawns.No.4 /
/ 1.articulation 2.spelling: ue, ou, oo, o, u 3.words: blue, should, would, too, pool, lose, prove, rude, crudity, cruet 4.Phrases：a new school/ a new suit/ huge spoons/ a blue moon/ whose shoes/ too soon/ too few/ a music school/ a revolutionary movement/ a useful rule/ choose two 5.Sentences：
1）Don’t lose the opportunity。2）Choose either boots or shoes.3）Who said the soup was too cool? 4）Your spoon won’t be useful for noodles.5）Soon it will be June.6）What do you choose to do this afternoon? 7）As a rule, the skies are blue in June.6.Poem: At noon in June when the flowers droop, And the roofing sky is blue;When the doves croon through the gloom of the trees, What do we choose to do? Why, too troop to the pool where the water coo, Seems far too good to be true!No.5 /
/(/ /)1.spelling: oo, ou, u 2.words: book, foot, cook, good, look, took, woolen, manhood, could, would, should, put, push, pull, full, bush 3.Phrases;looks good/ a good book/ a good look/ took a book/ push the butcher/ look at the cook/ took some sugar/ a good-looking man 4.Sentences: 1)He looks like a good cook.2)Look at the woman, isn’t she good-looking? 3)I took my book and looked at it as long as I could.4)Try as I would, I could do nothing.So I took a broom and left the room.5.Poem: At noon I took a book, And sat by the pool in the wood, And put my foot in the pool.Oh, how cool.5.Exercises for the 3 Central Vowels No.1 /
/ 1.Articulation 2.Spelling: u, ou, o 3.Words: but, up, cup, bud, mud, thus, cut, bus, rough, tough, touch, come, some, blood, money, honey 4.Phrases: some punch/ some honey/ a cup of punch/ one month/ once in a month/ a tough son/ a funny couple/ a sudden jump/ just for fun/ blood for blood Contrast Between /
/and /
/ /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ cut
cot
duck
dock luck
lock
cluck
clock gun
gone
rub
rob fund
fond /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ cut
cart
come
calm luck
lark
cup
carp hut
heart
much
march duck
dark
bun
barn cluck
clark 5.Poem: There’s a mutter and grumble in the ground, When thundering comes the train, Then into the tunnel it rumbles on, And another comes thundering again.No.2 /
/ 1.Articulation 2.Spelling: ur, ir, ear, er 3.Words: hurt, fur, nurse, church, curl, sir, circle, shirt, bird, third, brth, search, early, earnest, learn, her, service, certain, person, perfect 4.Phrases: the first year/ the first term/ the german expert/ learn the word/ a dirty shirt/ a firm girl/ a nervous nurse/ an early bird/ the third word/ the world/ an earnest person/ perfect service 5.Sentences: 1)First come, first served.2)Perfect service deserves an earnest and worthy return.3)The girls learnt world history in the first and third terms at the university.4)It’s the early bird that catches the worm.Poem: Worm squirm in the earth, When first is heard, The murmur and chirp Of the early bird.No.3 /
/ 1.Articulation 2.Spelling: a, er 3.words: ago, again, among, along, about, admire, fever, worker, teacher, father, mother, gather 4.Phrases: along the river/ among the workers/ never forget/ a sheet of paper/ a drop of water/ the workers of China/ the doctor’s daughter/ at the counter/ from cover to cover 5.Sentences:
1)My younger brother is a doctor.2)Shall we have a chat or go to the cinema? 3)Please return the alarm clock to the teacher.4)Let’s go for a walk along the river.5)You’d better do it faster.Poem: Butter, cheese, eggs and flour, Beat them again for half an hour.Bake the cake for an hour or more, But you never must open the oven door.Exercises for Diphthongs No.1 /
/ 1.Articulation 2.spelling: a, ai, ay 3.Words: make, late, cake, bake, sake, take, state, claim, train, pain, gain, remain, chain, day, play, say, way, ma, stay 4.contrasts: / /
/
/
/
/
/
/ said
say
wet
wait let
late
sell
sail pen
pain
red
rate get
gate
ate
eight men
main 5.phrases: May day/ pay day/ make way/ same way/ same day/ came again/ make hay（抓紧时间）/ take away/ a railway station /
/
heavy rain/ table tennis/ a game of che/ a special case/ a terrible headache/ an ancient temple/ a helple case/ April the second 6.Sentences：
1）No pains, no gains.2）Call a spade a spade.(实事求是)3）A penny saved is a penny gained.4）Today is pay day.5）Haste makes waste.6）Everybody takes part in the great May Day parade.(庆贺)/
/
1)Better late than never.2)It is never too late to mend.3)You must hit the nail on the head.4)I have a terrible headache.7.Poem: Rain, rain, go away Come again another day, Little Jonny wants to play.No.2 /
/ 1.Articulation: 2.Spelling: o, oa 3.Words: oh, go, open, no, so, coat, goat, boat, coal, soap 4.Contrasts Between /
/ and /
/, /
/ /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ goat
got
note
not hope
hop
own
on coat
cot
/
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ row
raw
so
saw coat
caught
woke
walk bowl
ball
coal
call /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ wrote
root
chose
choose blow
blew
coal
cool soap
soup 5.Phrases: go home/ don’t know/ hope so/ no hope/ a slow coach/ a broken bowl/ a hole in the coat 6.Sentences:
1)Go and open the window.2)Don’t go home alone.3)How old he’s grown!4)Show me your notes.5)Little strokes fell great oaks.(滴水穿石)6)A rolling stone gathers no mo.(流水不腐)7)As you sow you shall mow.(种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆)7.Poem:
Show me where those roses grow Closed and cold as frozen snow Or slowly opening wide and showing How their golden hearts are glowing.No.3 /
/ 1.Articulation: 2.Spelling: I, ie, y 3.Words: high, light, kite, bright, fight, ripe, sight, lie, tie, die, sky, my, why, try, fly, type 4.Contrasts Between /
/ and /
/ /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ life
laugh
bike
bark like
lark
climb
calm mike
mark
pike
park kite
cart 5.phrases: five kites/ five bikes/ why sigh/ high time/ right side/ time and tide/ high in the sky/ arrive at five/ 6.Sentences: 1)Something has got into my right eye.2)Mike tried five times to get the prize.3)Strike while the iron is hot.4)Let by-gones be by-gones.(既往不咎)5)Great minds thinks alike.7.Poem: Fly kite, high in the sky, Bright in the shinning light, Then I’ll wind my string and try To guide you down for the night.No.4 /
/ 1.Articulation: 2.Spelling: ow, ou 3.Words: cow, now, how, vow, down, town, crown, brown, house, hour, out, doubt, loud, flour 4.Contrasts Between /
/ and /
/ /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ loud
lord
house
horse shout
short
down
dawn howl
hall
sow
saw 5.Phrases: down town/ bow down/ around the house/ about flowers/ down south/ a thousand mountains/ the ground floor/ a northern town/ out of order 6.Sentences: 1)Now write it down.2)Now teach me how to plough.3)Open your mouth and round your lips.4)Round and round the house went the crowd.5)He shouted louder and louder to the crowd gathered around.7.Poem: Cow, cow, Let down your milk For the hungry town.No.5 /
/ 1.Articulation: 2.Spelling: oy, oi 3.Words: boy, toy, joy, enjoy, loyal, royal, oil, choice, voice, noise, coin, spoil, join 4.Contrasts Between /
/ and /
/ /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ all
oil
corn
coin call
coil
jaws
joy tall
toil 5.Phrases: the boy’s toy/ join the boys/ toil on the soil/ spoil the choice/ the noise of the coins/ the voice of joy/ boil the oil/ loyal and royal 6.Sentences: 1)It’s a joy to watch the boy playing with his toys.2)His only way of enjoying himself is to make a noise.3)The spoilt boy destroyed the toys.7.Poem: Oh joy, oh joy A child with his toy Shouting at the top of his voice Making such a terrible noise Oh, joy, oh joy No.6 /
/ 1.Articulation: 2.Spelling: ea, ee, e 3.Words: ear, tear, hear, dear, clear, near, deer, beer, cheer, sheer, experience, sincere, serious, superior, mysterious 4.Sentences:
1)I feel he can’t hear me clearly.2)Beer is really dear.3)She’s really dearer than a dear.4)We’re near the end of the year.5)The audience cheered and cried, ‘ Hear, hear.’ 5.Proverbs:
1)Experience keeps a dear school.(经验包含着很深的学问)2)Knowledge comes from experience alone.(实践出真知)3)It is better to wear out than to rust out.(物尽其材)4)If the beard were all, the goat might preach.(不要倚老卖老)No.7 /
/ 1.articulation: 2.Spelling: ai, a, ea 3.words: air, chair, hair, fair, affair, repair, share, declare, care, carele, various, square, bear, tear, wear, pear 4.Phrases: fair hair/ fair share/ their chairs/ fair and square/ compare their hair/ repair their chairs/ declared the mayor 5.Sentences:
1)Where are their parents? 2)There’s a will, there’s a way.3)Wherever there’s oppreion, there’s resistance.4)Mary’s upstairs, airing the room and dusting the chairs.5)There, that’s the square where the fair will be held.6)John likes to wear his hair long.7)It looks like a girl’s hair.6.Poem: On a mare(母马)goes the mayor, To the fair at the square, Prepared to buy a little bear, That will sit on his chair.No.8 /
/ 1.articulation: 2.Spelling: u 3.words: sure, pure, cure, fury, jury, curious, mature, manure, poor, moor, doer, tour 4.phrases: a sure cure/ a pure jewel/ a poor tourists/ the curious jury/ the furious jeweler 5.Sentences: 1)The tourist toured the moor in February.2)Poor John was out of fuel, which made him furious.3)The doctor wasn’t sure that he could cure the poor jeweller.4)The jury were sure the poor man was innocent of stealing the jewels.Exercises for English Consonants Ⅰthe Plosive Consonants No.1 /
/ 1.Articulation 2.Spelling: p, b 3.Words: / / pick, pack, pause, pie, pot, tip, top, harp(竖琴), ripe, jump, keep, tape / / bit, bat, bark, bare, web, rib, herb, bribe
Contrast Between /
/ / /
/
/
/
/
/
/ pea
be
rip（撕）
rib park
bark
pat
bat cap
cab
pot
bought 4.Phrases： a big park/ park the car/ a big web/ pay the bill/ pre the button/ push the bike/ on the top pf the pie 5.Sentences：
1）Peter is picking plums and apples.2）Pat and Paul met each other in the park.3）Ping-pong is a popular sport, and is played in many places.4）The robber broke into a bank and was caught by the police.5）The black bird brought back a beautiful big worm for his babies.6.Poem / /
Skip, skip Jump the rope;Plenty of people trip;But we hop(单脚跳)and play And jump all day, So skip, skip, skip / / New blouse, blue blouse Little Blanche blushing shy New blue, true blue Matching our Blanche’s eye No.2 /
/
1.Words: /
/ tip, top, tune, tire, tea, tap, hit, wet, cart, hot, boot, suit, hurt / / deep, debt, damn, doom, duke(公爵), dirt, doubt, rod, cord, lead, lend, sad, feud(封地,世仇)
Contrast Between /
/ /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ bet
bed
late
laid set
sad
heart
hard sight
side
eight
aid feet
feed
at
add 2.Phrases: tell the time/ take the cat/ a dark night/ a good friend/ a sad tune/ good food/ a red cart/ read the card/ cut the bread 3.Sentences: 1)Don’t tickle(取笑,戏弄)Teie, Tom.2)The cart got stuck in the mud.3)Too many teenagers tend to waste their time watching TV.4)Dick’s daughter Diana doesn’t like dancing.5)Teddy hurt his foot and was taken to the doctor.4.Poem: Feet, take me east Feet, take me west;Feet, take me home again To tea and let me rest No.3 /
/ 1.Spelling: / / k, c, ck, ch, que, qu, q;/ / g, gu, gue 2.Words: / / key, king, kick, kind, cat, cow, cost, sick, seek, look, dusk, neck, bark, lock, chemistry, cheque, quick, quay, Iraq / / goat, goal, gas, gue, guard, guide, dog, bag, jug, beg, pig, vague, league
Contrast Between /
/ /
/
/
/
/
/
/
/ pick
pig
leak
league lack
lag
back
bag lock
log
dock
dog duck
dug
beck(山溪)
beg 3.Phrases: a big bag/ a big cat/ a sick dog/ a sick girl/ a kind guide/ a golden jug/ take a look/ lock the gate/ count the coins/ cure the sick 4.Sentences: 1)Cut your coat according to your cloth.(量体裁衣)2)Every country has its customs.3)Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves.(小事留意,大事顺利)4)All that gliters is not gold.(闪光的不一定都是金子)5)A good beginning makes a good ending.5.Poem: Buttercups and kingcups And cowslips too, I’m picking them all For a bouquet(花束)for you Ⅱ the Fricative Consonants No.1 /
/ /
/ spelling: f, ph, gh words: farm, film, fight, leaf, four, life, Philip, laugh, face, found, feel, fail, knife, soft, laughed, staff /
/ voice /
/
lives /
/
save /
/
vain /
/ vast /
/
wives /
/ love /
/
vine /
/ veil /
/ live /
/
carve /
/ veal /
/
Contrast Between /
/ / /
/
/
/
/
/
/ feel
veal
faint
vain fan
vine
grief
grieve fife
five
staff
starve Poem: /
/ Puff, puff Puff the fluff(绒毛)And fly，feather fly Puff，puff That’s enough It’s far，far off in the sky /
/ Come visit the lovely violets, That live in the valley here The loveliest violets you ever have seen Over the hills or near No.2 /
/ Words: think /
/
thank /
/
breath /
/ method /
/ three /
/ fifth /
/ thing /
/ thief /
/ bath /
/ teeth /
/ sixth /
/ death /
/
Contrast Between /
/ /
/ thick
/
/ thank
/
/theme /
/ sick
/
/ sank
/
/seem /
/ thin
/
/ tenth
/
/ faith /
/ sin
/
/tense
/
/ face /
/thing
/
/ thumb /
/ sing
/
/ some /
/ they /
/
brother/
/
bathe /
/
then /
/
with /
/ then /
/ neither /
/
breathe /
/
Contrast Between /
/ breath /
/
worth /
/
south/
/
bath /
/ breathe /
/
worthy /
/
southern /
/
bathe /
/
Contrast Between /
/ they /
/
than /
/
wither /
/
leather /
/ day /
/
dan /
/
weeder /
/
ladder/
/ Phrases: a thousand thanks/ through thick and thin/ a wealthy brother/ a healthy father/ the third month/ three months/ three thousand and three Sentences: 1)I think this thick thread will not go through the eye of this thin needle.2)He stood by his friend through thick and thin 3)Thirty-three and a third plus thirty-three and a third equals to sixty-six and two-thirds.4)Though you think you have thoroughly thought through these problems, I think you should think them through again.5)He left his father and mother and went abroad with his brother Arthur.Poem: I’m thankful for a thousand things: For faithful earth, for birth and breath For thought and health and strength and mirth And maybe, when it comes, for death No.3 /
/ spelling: / / s, c seat /
/
sun /
/ side /
/ sand /
/ saint /
/ since /
/ nice /
/
fu /
/ ice /
/ next /
/ grasp /
/
scene /
/(Before / / / / / /): spend /
/ start /
/ skill /
/ skate /
/ spank /
/ stand /
/ / / zest /
/ lazy /
/ cousin /
/ season /
/ zinc /
/
peasant /
/ names /
/ cars /
/ raise /
/ please /
/ frize /
/
legs /
/ n+s(-es)s/es 1.after / / / / / / / / / / cups, hats, cakes, roofs 1.after / / / / / / / / / / / / glaes, faces, roses, watches, bridges 2.other conditions(在浊音之后)/ / days, cities, beds th / /→/ / mouth→mouths/ / path→paths / /
Contrast Between /
/ as /
/
lose /
/
zeal /
/
seize /
/
parse /
/ a /
/
loose /
/
seal /
/
cease /
/
pa /
/ pace /
/
picks /
/
lacks /
/
plucks/
/
seats /
/ pays /
/
pigs /
/
lags /
/
plugs /
/
seeds /
Sentences: 1)The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.2)Sister Suzy will sing us some sweet sons.3)Sam collects horse-graes and all sorts of glaes.4)Sally always suffers from seasickne when she is at sea.Poem: / / We drowse and doze under the trees, In a mazy haze on days like these, Dizzied with with sounds of sheep that browse, And lazy sounds of grazing cows, And buzz of busy bees whose sound, Makes Lazier lazine around.No.4 /
/ / / spelling: sh(s, ci, si, ti)sure, social, Asia, nation sh: shape /
/ shack /
/ shell /
/ shut /
/ shark /
/ shall /
/ fresh /
/ flesh /
/ harsh /
/ flash /
/ crush /
/ splash /
Contrast Between /
/ shed /
/
shame /
/
shine /
/ Said /
/
same /
/
sign /
/ / / s, g measure /
/ treasure /
/ rouge /
/ leisure /
/
pleasure /
/ vision /
/ illusion /
/ prestige /
/ Sentences: 1)This shop sells the latest fashion of shorts and shirts.2)Mr Mash sells fish and shellfish fresh from the ocean.3)The shepherd and his sheep shuddered in a shed.4)She sells sea-shells on the sea-shore.5)The shells she sells are sea-shells, I’m sure.No.5 /
/ Words:
heed /
/ hell /
/ had /
/ head /
/ hind /
/ height /
/ hate /
/ hide /
/ hail /
/
/ /
Sentences: 1)Hugh has hurt his hand with a heavy hammer.2)The hunter hid himself behind a high hedge.3)He hailed me with a heavy hello and a handshake.No.6 /
/ Spelling: r, wr Read /
/ raw /
/ crack /
/ rid /
/ rear /
/ grand /
/ Red /
/ rare /
/ crazy /
/ crime /
/ grind /
/ bra /
/
Contrast Between /
/ Rip-lip / rap-lap / rag-lag / fragrant-flagrant Sentences: 1)Those red roses are really very pretty.2)The real reason is really rather curious.3)She wore a dre made of a rough, rusty-red material.4)The crops have been ruined by the hungry sparrows.Ⅲ the Affricate Consonants No.1 / / / / →/ / + / / ch, tch, t cheek /
/ chain /
/ check /
/ choose /
/ h /
/ stitch /
Contrast Between /
/ shop /
/
sheep /
/
wash /
/
cash /
/ chop/
/
cheap /
/
watch /
/
catch /
/ / / →/ /+/ / g, j, dge
jeep /
/
jam /
/
gem /
/
jazz /
/
just /
/ badge /
/ gin /
/
jobs /
/
Contrast Between /
/ choose /
/
preach /
/
ranch /
/ Jews /
/
bridge /
/
range /
/ A poem: Jump, jump, over the hedge, And joggety-jog acro the bridge, And jingle-jangle all the way, Gee(口语中感叹词，表示’天哪,太棒了之类)-up the jolly old gentleman say!No.2 /
/ /tr/ →/ t / + / r / trim /
/ trick /
/ tread(踩)/
/
track /
/ /dr/ →/d/ +/r/ dread /
/ drain /
/ drawn /
/
dreary /
/
Contrast Between /
/ dreed/
/
drug /
/
drudge /
/ jest /
/
jug /
/
judge /
/
/
No.3 /
/ Words: beats, seats, sheets, carts, shorts, boots, reads, beads, bids, beds, odds, lords A poem: The winds, the winds, the winter winds, Have blown the sands to sea, But friends, my friends, those loving friends, Are still kind friends to me.Ⅳ The Nasal Consonants /
/ mean /
/ meant /
/ ham /
/ dim /
/ need /
/ nib /
/ nag /
/ nasty /
/ bank /
/ pink /
/ thank /
/ finger /
/
Contrast Between /
/ knock /
/
known /
/
snow /
/ lock /
/
loan /
/
slow /
/
Contrast Between /
/ ton /
/
win /
/
sin /
/
kin /
/ tongue /
/
wing /
/
sing /
/
king /
/ tan /
/
ban /
/
bun /
/
pin /
/ tang /
/
bang /
/
bung /
/
ping /
/ /
/ /
/ live
led
line leave
lad
lion /
/ meal /
/
hall
doll mill /
/
hole
dull 不发音/ /: calm, calf, half, yolk(蛋黄), folk, talk Ⅴ The Semi-vowels(Approximants)No.1 /
/ Wax /
/ wound /
/ wine /
/ wit /
/ wheat /
/
whether, weather/
/ wheal /
/ wither /
/
Contrast Between /
/ Vet
vest
veil
vain
vent Wet
west
whale wane(衰败)went No.2 /
/ Yes /
/ news /
/ yard /
/ suit /
/ yield /
/ few, fuel / Young /
/ spum /
/(海水形成的泡末)beyond /
/
Contrast Between /
/ East /
/
ear /
/
earn /
/ Yeast /
/
year /
/
yearn /
/(强烈的愿望)
Contrast Between /
/ Yet
use
yark
yacht
yam(山药)
yoke(套,束缚)
/
Jet
juice
Jack
jot(草记)
jam
joke Sentences: 1)Excuse me if I refuse, but this suit isn’t suitable.2)Yale(耶鲁)university is not in the state of New York.3)Don’t argue, or you’ll make me furious.(狂怒)Poem: When the orchard-yield will be gathered soon, And the fields beyond are yellow with corn, The dog in our yard awakes with a yawn, And yaps(狗吠声)and yelps(狗吠)at the yellow moon.Ⅵ Lateral / /
