高英英语第二册 名词解释由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“高英打印版名词解释”。
George Orwell was the pseudonym of Eric Arthur Blair(1903-50), an English writer who at one time served with the Indian Imperial Police in Burma.Marrakech is a major city in the northwest African nation of Morocco.It is the fourth largest city in the country after Casablanca, Fes and Rabat, and is the capital of the mid-southwestern economic region of
Marrakesh-Tensift-El Haouz
Moorish: Moors, mixed Arabs and Berbers, and inhabitants of Morocco.They set up a Moorish empire from the end of the 8th century to the 12th century: by 12th century the empire included North Africa to the borders of Egypt, as well as Mohammedan Spain
Distreed Area: area where there is widespread unemployment, poverty, etc., a slum area
Foreign Legionnaires: France organized a foreign legion shortly after the conquest of Algiers in 1830, enlisting recruits who were not French subjects.Spain had a foreign legion, up till the revolution in Morocco, and Holland in the Dutch East Indies.The Norman Conquest:In 1066, at the battle of Hastings, the English was defeated by French-speaking Normans under Duke William, who was crowned as King of England.the King's English supposedly correct or standard English(especially British English)as to grammar and
pronunciation: so called from the notion of royal sanction.When the ruling monarch is a queen, it is called “the Queen’s English
Utopia : is generally defined as a place of ideal perfection in all aspects of existence.All is good and no evil a perfect, ideal society, where people seem to live in a very perfect way of life.It’s ideal but impractical..the lost generation were applied to the disillusioned young intellectuals and aesthetes of the years following the First World War, who rebelled against former ideals and values, but could replace them only bydespair or a cynical hedonism
Beat Generation；appeared after WWII in the US.a term applied to a group of American artists and writers, esp.poets whose work became particularly popular in the late 1950s.Bohemianism：The practice of an unconventional lifestyle, often in the company of like-minded people, with few permanent ties, involving musical, artistic, or literary pursuits.In this context, Bohemians may be wanderers, adventurers, or vagabonds.Prohibition ：The forbidding by law of the manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcoholic liquors for beverage purposes;specially in the U.S., the period(1920-1933)of prohibition by Federal Law.Puritan morality: extreme strictne in matters of morals.Strict Puritans even regarded drinking, gambling punishable offences
Speakeasy:(Americanism): a place where alcoholic drinks are sold illegally，esp.a place in the U．S．during Prohibition
flapper(Americanism): in the 1920s, a young woman considered to be bold and unconventional
drugstore cowboy(Americanism): a young man who hangs around drugstores and other public places trying to impre women
Bohemian: a person, esp.an artist, poet, unconventional in habits, dre, and sometimes in morals, material poverty because they prefer their art
The 1960s was a decade that began on 1 January 1960 and ended on 31 December 1969.The 1960s term also refers to an era more often called The Sixties, denoting the complex of inter-related cultural and political trends acro the globe.This “cultural decade” is more loosely defined than the actual decade, beginning around 1963 and ending around 1974.The purpose of a political speech：to persuade、to explain、to convince people : to accept his point of view, to accept what he says so as to support him
the Civil War between the Northern(Federal)States and Southern(Confederate)States, which resulted in victory for the former and the abolition of slavery
cynicism: a scornful or peimisticattitude;a general distrust of the integrity of other people
Floral Heights referring to Floral Park on Long Island, a residential suburb of New York.It has a commercial flower industry
Notes：
Distreed Area: area where there is widespread unemployment, poverty, etc., a slum area
Foreign Legionnaires: France organized a foreign legion shortly after the conquest of Algiers in 1830, enlisting recruits who were not French subjects.Spain had a foreign legion, up till the revolution in Morocco, and Holland in the Dutch East Indies
The Washington Post: an influential and highly respected U.S.newspaper with a national distribution
musketeers of Dumas: characters created by the French novelist, Alexandre Dumas(1802--1870)in his novel The Three Musketeers
descendants of convicts: in 1788 a penal settlement was established at Botany Bay, Australia by Britain.British convicts, sentenced to long term imprisonment, were often transported to this penal settlement.Regular settlers arrived in Australia about 1829.Saxon churls: a farm laborer or peasant in early England;a term used pejoratively by the Norman conquerors to mean an ill-bred, ignorant English peasant
Norman conquerors: the Normans, under William I, Duke of Normandy(former territory of N.France)conquered
England after defeating Harold, the English king, at the Battle of Hastings(1066).Angevins and Plantagenets: names of ruling Norman dynasties in England(1154--1399), sprung from Geoffrey, Count of Anjou(former province of W.France)
Elizabethans: people, especially writers, of the time of Queen Elizabeth I of England(1533--1603)Edward Morgan Forster(1879--1970), English author, one of the most important British novelists of the 20th century.Forster's fiction, conservative in form, is in the English tradition of the novel of manners.He explores the emotional and sensual deficiencies of the English middle cla, developing his themes by means of irony, wit, and symbolism.Some of his well known novels are: Where Angels Fear to Tread;The Longest Journey;A Room with a View;Howard' s End;and A Paage to India.Paris Parlement: the “sovereign” or “superior” court of judicature under the ancien regime in France.It was later divided into several chambers.inaugural addre: since 1937, Inauguration Day has been changed to Jan.20.On this day every four years the newly elected president of the United States faces the people for the first time, takes the presidential oath of office and delivers his inaugural addre.solemn oath: the presidential oath, traditionally administered by the Chief Justice, is prescribed in Article II, section 1 of the Constitution of the United States.The oath runs as follows: “I do solemnly swear(or affirm)that I will faithfully execute the Office of President of the United States, and will to the best of my ability, preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.”
crash of the world economic structure: referring to the Great Depreion in U.S.history, the severe economic crisis supposedly precipitated by the U.S.stock-market crash of 1929.The American depreion produced severe effects abroad, especially in Europe.Roosevelt: Theodore Roosevelt(1859-1919), 26th President of the United States(1901--09).He drew
considerable criticism for his glorification of military strength and his patriotic fervor.After the outbreak of World War I he attacked Wilson' s neutrality policy;and when the United States entered the war he pleaded vainly to be allowed to raise and command a volunteer force.fracas with Spain in 1898: the Spanish-American War(1898), a brief conflict between Spain and the United States arising out of Spanish policies in Cuba.It was, to a large degree, brought about by the efforts of U.S.expansionists.On May 7, a U.S.squadron under George Dewey sailed into the harbor of Manila, Philippine Islands, and in a few hours thoroughly defeated the Spanish fleet there.National Guard: U.S.militia.In peace time the National Guard is placed under state jurisdiction and can be used by governors to quell local disturbances.In times of war or other emergencies, the National Guard is absorbed into the active service of the United States and the President is commander-in-chief.Napoleonic cynicism: As conqueror, Napoleon cynically rearranged the whole map of Europe.The victorious allies of World War I did the same at Versailles.country club cla: people rich enough to join the country clubs
Dutch Colonial home: spacious houses following the style of Dutch Colonial architecture
