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高考中的一般过去时与现在完成时
研究高考试题我们会发现，对一般过去时与现在完成时的考查成为命题的热点，而这一考点也正是同学们学习中的难点，本文拟结合近三年高考试题探讨命题规律，谈谈其间区别，以期对同学们有所帮助。
一、一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或情况，常与过去时间状语连用。而现在完成时表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或情况，常与一段时间连用。
1.(06辽宁)It is said that the early European playing-cards ______ for entertainment and education.A.were being designedB.have designed
C.have been designedD.were designed
2.(07福建)Danny______ hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.A.worksB.is working
C.has workedD.worked
3.(07上海)With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ______ in the past years.A.discoveredB.have discovered
C.had been discoveredD.have been discovered
4.(07湖南卷)Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in cla at Sunshine School, where she ________ English for a year.A.studiesB.studiedC.is studyingD.has been studying
5.(07江西)──I have got a headache.──No wonder.You ____ in front of that computer too long.A.workB.are workingC.have been workingD.worked
6.(08福建)So far this year we ______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.A.sawB.seeC.had seenD.have seen
7.(08陕西)──Did you go to the show last night?
──Yeah.Every boy and girl in the area ____ invited
A.wereB.have beenC.has beenD.was
8.(08重庆)Judy is going to marry the sailor she ____ in Rome last year.A.meetsB.metC.has metD.would meet
依据题中划线部分显示的时间状语很容易得知答案：1.A 2.C.3.D 4.D 5.C 6.D 7.A 8.B二、一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或情况，与现在没有什么联系；而现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常与already, ever, never, yet, just等词连用。
1.(06江苏)Although medical science __________ control over several dangerous diseases, what worries us is that some of them are returning.A.achievedB.has achievedC.will achieveD.had achieved
2.(07浙江卷)Profeor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where_____ yet.A.hasn’t been decidedB.haven’t decided C.isn’t being decided D.aren’t decided
3.(07江苏)── ______ you ______ him around the museum yet?
──Yes.We had a great time there.A.Have … shownB.Do … showC.Had … shownD.Did … show
4.07(北京卷))I got caught in the rain and my suit__________.A.has ruinedB.had ruinedC.has been minedD.had been ruined
解析：1.根据所提供的情景what worries us is that some of them are returning可判断出一些危险的疾病已经得到了控制，但有一些疾病又开始传播。主句表达的内容是从句的结果。答案为B;
2、3题根据yet 可知应用现在完成时表达结果, 答案均为A;4.雨把衣服淋坏了——衣服不能穿了（淋坏的结果）, 答案为A.三、一般过去时、现在完成时都可以与一段时间连用。其区别是：过去时与一段时间连用表示动作没有持续到现在;而现在完成时与一段时间连用表示动作持续到现在。
例：He lived here for 6 years(他已不住这儿)
He has lived here for 6 years.（他现在还在这里住）
1.(06 江西)My cousin went to Canada two years ago.He _____ there for a few months and then went to America.A.workedB.would work C.worked d.has been working
2.(06重庆)I _____ in London for many years，but I’ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China.A.livedB.was living C.have livedD.had lived
3.(07辽宁)── Has your father returned from Africa yet?
──Yes, but he _____ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.A.was B.has been C.will be D.would be
4.(07湖南）Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in cla at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year.A.studiesB.studiedC.is studyingD.has been studying
5.（08全国）If the weather had been better, we could have had a picnic.But it ____ all day.A.rainedB.rainsC.has rainedD.is raining
6.（08天津）He _____ football regularly for many years when he was young.A.was playingB.playedC.has playedD.had played
答案： 1.C 2.A 3.A 4.D 5.A 6.B
解析：
1.据then went to America.可知，work there 并未持续到现在；
2.据move back to China.可知，2.现在不在伦敦，即live 未持续到现在。
3.结合提供的情景，我父亲在非洲待了三年，后来又去了澳大利亚，即现在不在非洲，动作be here 未持续到现在；
4.据划线部分可知他现在仍在那所学校学习，即study 持续到现在；
5.结合语境，是准备野餐那天下了一整天，下雨没有持续到现在；
6.据划线部分可知，play 没有持续到现在。
