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Anna Eleanor Roosevelt
She was born in New York City on October 11, 1884, daughter of lovely Anna Hall and Elliott Roosevelt, younger brother of Theodore.When her mother died in 1892, the children went to live with Grandmother Hall;her adored father died only two years later.Attending a distinguished school in England gave her, at 15, her first chance to develop self-confidence among other girls.Tall, slender, graceful of figure but apprehensive at the thought of being a wallflower, she returned for a debut that she dreaded.In her circle of friends was a distant cousin, handsome young Franklin Delano Roosevelt.They became engaged in 1903 and were married in 1905, with her uncle the President giving the bride away.Within eleven years Eleanor bore six children;one son died in infancy.“I suppose I was fitting pretty well into the pattern of a fairly conventional, quiet, young society matron,” she wrote later in her autobiography.In Albany, where Franklin served in the state Senate from 1910 to 1913, Eleanor started her long career as political helpmate.She gained a knowledge of Washington and its ways while he served as Aistant Secretary of the Navy.When he was stricken with poliomyelitis in 1921, she tended him devotedly.She became active in the women's division of the State Democratic Committee to keep his interest in politics alive.From his succeful campaign for governor in 1928 to the day of his death, she dedicated her life to his purposes.She became eyes and ears for him, a trusted and tirele reporter.When Mrs.Roosevelt came to the White House in 1933, she understood social conditions better than any of her predeceors and she transformed the role of First Lady accordingly.She never shirked official entertaining;she greeted thousands with charming friendline.She also broke precedent to hold pre conferences, travel to all parts of the country, give lectures and radio broadcasts, and expre her opinions candidly in a daily syndicated newspaper column, “My Day.”
This made her a tempting target for political enemies but her integrity, her graciousne, and her sincerity of purpose endeared her personally to many--from heads of state to servicemen she visited abroad during World War II.As she had written wistfully at 14: “...no matter how plain a woman may be if truth & loyalty are stamped upon her face all will be attracted to her....”
After the President's death in 1945 she returned to a cottage at his Hyde Park estate;she told reporters: “the story is over.” Within a year, however, she began her service as American spokesman in the United Nations.She continued a vigorous career until her strength began to wane in 1962.She died
in New York City that November, and was buried at Hyde Park beside her husband.The biographies of the First Ladies on WhiteHouse.gov are from “The First Ladies of the United States of America,” by Allida Black.Copyright 2009 by the White House Historical Aociation.You can learn more about Mrs.Roosevelt from The Franklin D.Roosevelt Presidential Library maintained by Marist College.Learn more about Anna Eleanor Roosevelt's spouse, Franklin D.Roosevelt
