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大学英语四级写作评分标准
14分 文章切题。文字通顺，条理清楚，无重大语言错误，仅有个别小错。
11分 文章切题。文字通顺，条理清楚，但有少量语言错误。
8分 基本切题。有些地方表达不清，文字勉强连贯，语言错误相当多，其中有一些是严重错误。
5分 基本切题。思想表达不清，连贯性差，有较多的语言严重错误。
2分 条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎，大部分有错误，且多数为严重错误。详细具体的定义为: 考生在考试时应该明确作文的评分标准，根据大纲规定，短文的评分标准是：
1．正确表达思想；
2．意义连贯；
3．无重大语法错误。
这三者是互补的，但又各有侧重。为评分的方便，国家考题组又将评分原则归纳为八个字，即“总体评分”和“综合评判”，并作了相应的解释。前者指的是“阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分，而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分”。后者指的是“要考虑作文是否切题，是否充分表达思想，也要考虑是否用英语清楚而确切地表达思想，也就是要考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解（用词和造句是否清楚确切地表达思想”。根据这八个字，又将阅卷标准分为五等：2分，5分，8分，11分及14分，每一等都可上下浮动一分，各等的具体标准如下：
2分--条理不清，思路紊乱，语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误，且多数为严重错误。
5分--基本切题。表达思想不够清楚，连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。
8分--基本切题。表达思想比较清楚，文字尚连贯；但语言错误较多，其中有少量的严重错误。
11分--切题。表达思想清楚，文字连贯，但有少量语言错误。
14分--切题。表达思想清楚，文字通顺，连贯性较好。基本无语言错误。
除了以上五个主要标准之外，评分时还考虑以下三个因素：
l．白卷，作文与题目毫不相关，或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想，则给零分。
2.字数不足者酌情扣分(81-89个词扣1分，7l-80个词扣2分，61-70个词扣3分，51一60个词扣4分，不足50个词最多只给5分)。所计字数不包括卷面上已给主题句。
3．只写一段者0-4分，只写两段者0-9分。常用句型：
一)原因
1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.A number of factors might contribute to(lead to)(account for)the phenomenon(problem).2.The answer to this problem involves many factors.3.The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...4.The factors that contribute to this situation include...5.The change in...largely results from the fact that...6.We may blame...,but the real causes are...7.Part of the explanations for it is that...One of the most common factors(causes)is that...Another contributing factor(cause)is...Perhaps the primary factor is that … But the fundamental cause is that...二)比较
1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...4.It is reasonable to maintain that...but it would be foolish to claim that...5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.6.Like anything else, it has its faults.7.A and B has several points in common.8.A bears some resemblances to B.9.However, the same is not applicable to B.10.A and B differ in several ways.11.Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.12.People used to think..., but things are different now.13.The same is true of B.14.Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.15.It is true that A..., but the chief faults(obvious defects)are...三)批驳
1)It is true that..., but one vital point is being left out.2)There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.3)Some people say..., but it does not hold water.4)Many of us have been under the illusion that...5)A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.6)It makes no sense to argue for...7)Too much stre placed on...may lead to...8)Such a statement mainly rests on the aumption that...9)Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that...四)后果
1.It may give rise to a host of problems.2.The immediate result it produces is...3.It will exercise a profound influence upon...4.Its consequence can be so great that...五)举例 1)A good case in point is...2)As an illustration, we may take...3)Such examples might be given easily.4)...is often cited as an example.六)证明
1)No one can deny the fact that...2)The idea is hardly supported by facts.3)Unfortunately, none of the available data shows...4)Recent studies indicate that...5)There is sufficient evidence to show that...6)According to statistics proved by..., it can be seen that...七)开篇
1)Many nations have been faced with the problem of...2)Recently the problem has been brought into focus.3)Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.4)Recently the iue has aroused great concern among...5)Nowadays there is a growing concern over...6)Never in our history has the idea that...been so popular.7)Faced with..., quite a few people argue that...8)According to a recent survey,...9)With the rapid development of...,...八)结尾
1)From what has been discued above, we can draw the conclusion that...2)It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop...3)It is neceary that steps should be taken to...4)In conclusion, it is imperative that...5)There is no easy method, but...might be of some help.6)To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must...7)In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned iue, more problems will crop up.8)With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.9)We might do more than identify the cause;it is important to take actions to...10)Taking all these into account, we...11)Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear...图表式作文
It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes.It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years(as X varies).At the point of（接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少).What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are …(多少)reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table.First of all, …(第一个原因).More importantly, …(第二个原因).Most important of all, …(第三个原因).From the above discuions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future.The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time(if neceary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势).辩论式议论文
模版1
Some people believe(argue, recognize, think)that 观点1.But other people take an opposite side.They firmly believe that 观点2.As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all, 论据1.More importantly, 论据2.Most important of all, 论据3.In summary, 总结观点.As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或From above, we can predict that 预测.模版2
People hold different views about X.Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2.As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.For one thing, 论据1.For another, 论据2.Last but not the least, 论据3.To conclude, 总结观点.As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或From above, we can predict that 预测.模版3
There is no consensus 一致of opinions among people about X（争论的焦点）。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion（观念）is preferable in many senses.The reasons are obvious.First of all, 论据1。
Furthermore, 论据2。
Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest.That is, 论据3。
A natural conclusion from the above discuion is that总结观点。
As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或From above, we can predict that 预测
