八年级上册英语语法《形容词的比较级和最高级》由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“专业八级英语语法”。
形容词的比较级和最高级
一、比较级的定义：大多数的形容词都有三个级别：原级、比较级、最高级。其中比较级表示“更……”，用于两者之间的比较，用来说明“前者比后者更……”，比较级前面一般用much, even, a little修饰，其中even, much 只能修饰比较级。
二、比较级的构成：（1）规则变化：
①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er Eg: calm---calmer tall---taller smart---smarter ②以字母e结尾的直接在词尾加-rEg: nice---nicer fine---finer large---larger ③以“辅音+y 结尾的词，变y为 i，再加-er”Eg: early---earlier happy---happier busy---busier ④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-erEg: big---bigger thin---thinner hot---hotter ⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词在原级前面加moreEg: popular---more popular important---more important（2）不规则变化：少数形容词的比较级变化是不规则的：
good→better→best well→better→bestbad→worse→worstill→worse→worst old→older/elder→oldest/eldest many/much→more→most little→le→least far →further/farther→ furthest/farthest
三、比较级的用法:
(一)当两个人或事物（A和B）进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的原级或者比较级
1．表达“A和B一样”，用as…as的结构。
公式: A+be动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B;A+实义动词+as+副词原级+as…+B
Eg:I am as tall as you.我和你一样高。He runs as fast as I.他跑得和我一样快。
2．表达“A不如B”用not as…as的结构。
公式: A+be动词的否定形式+as+形容词原级+as…+B;A+助词的否定形式+动词+as+形容词原级+as…+B Eg:I am not as tall as you.我没有你高。He doesn’t run as fast as I.他没有我跑得快。3．表达“A大于B”用“比较级+than”的结构。
公式: A+be动词+形容词比较级+than+B…;
A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B… Eg：I am taller than you.我比你高。He runs faster than I.他跑得比我快。
(二)关于形容词、副词比较级的更多用法
1．比较级前面可以加上表示“优劣程度”的词或短语，是“更…”，“…得…”。常见much, a little, even, a lot, a great deal等。
Eg：He is much taller than I.他比我要高得多。I jump a little higher than he.我跳得比他高一点点。想一想，这些词能修饰形容词或副词的原级吗？
2.比较级前面可以加上表示具体数量差别的结构,表示具体“大多少”，“小多少”，“长多少”，“短多少”等。Eg：I am two years older than he.我比他大两岁。This building is 20 meters higher than that one.3．“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。
It is getting warmer and warmer．天气越来越暖和。He is running faster and faster．他跑得越来越快。
0ur country is becoming more and more beautiful．我们祖国越来越美了。
4．“the more…，the more…”表示“越……，就越……”，The more，the better.多多益善。
The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.你越细心，犯错就越少。
5．“the more…of the two…”表示“两个当中较。。的一个”
The taller of the two boys is my brother.四、当三个或三个以上的人或事物进行比较时，我们需要用到形容词（副词）的最高级
1．表达“…是…中最…的”,用“the+形容词（副词）的最高级”的结构。后面可以加上表示范围的介词短语或从句。
公式：主语+be动词+the +形容词最高级+（名词）+表示范围的介词短语或从句
主语+实义动词+（the）+形容词最高级+表示范围的介词短语或从句
Eg:He is the tallest(student)in our cla.He jumps the highest of the three boys.This is the best book that I have ever read.2．表示“最…的…中一个”，用“one of +the +最高级+复数名词”的结构来表达。
Eg：He is one of the best students in our cla.他是我们班最好的学生之一。
This is one of the most beautiful flowers in the garden.这是花园里最漂亮的花之。
注意：(一)形容词的最高级前面有定冠词the , 而副词的最高级前面定冠词the可以省略。但在形容词最高级前有物 1
主代词时，不能要定冠词the.（二）常见的用来表示范围的介词有in, of, among
五、运用形容词、副词比较级应当注意的问题：
(一)、按语法规则，than后面的人称代词应当用主格，但口语当中有时会用宾格代替主格。
Eg：He is more careful than I(me).(二)、只有同类的事物才能比较
Eg：Her bag is bigger than mine.不能说 Her bag is bigger than I.The weather of Kunming is much better than that of Shenyang.不能说The weather of Kunming is much better than Shenyang.注意:
(1)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。例句: The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.(2)形容词most前面没有the，不表示最高级的含义，只表示“非常”。
It is a most important problem.=It is a very important problem.二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
1.“A + be +形容词比较级 + than + B” 意思为“A比B更……”。
如:This tree is taller than that one.这棵树比那棵树高。
注意: ① 在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较。
②be+...year(s)older than
I am two years older than him
2.“比较级 + and + 比较级”或“more and more +原级”表示“越来越……”
如:It is getting warmer and warmer when spring comes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。
The wind becomes heavier and heavier.风变得越来越大。
Our town is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。
3.在含有or的选择疑问句中，如果有两者供选择，前面的形容词要用比较级形式。
如:Who is taller,Tim or Tom? 谁更高，Tim还是Tom? 4.“the +比较级……, the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”。
The more money you make, the more you spend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。
The sooner，the better.越快越好。
5.表示倍数的比较级用法: ①.A is …times the size /height/length/width of B.如:The new building is three times the height of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)②.A is …times as big /high/long/wide/large as B.如:Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)③.A is …times larger /higher/longer/wider than B.如:Our school is twice bigger than yours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。
6.形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的意思。
句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如:of the three, in our cla等等。
如:Of the three, he is the most hard-working.He is the tallest in our cla.7.“否定词语+比较级”，“否定词语+ so… as”结构表示最高级含义。
Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.8.比较级与最高级的转换: 比较级+than+any other+单数名词
Mike is the tallest in his cla.Mike istallerthan any other student in his cla 7.修饰比较级和最高级的词
1)可修饰比较级的词a bit, a little, much, a lot, even 注意: 使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。
(错)Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.(对)Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.2)下列词可修饰最高级:by far(非常,远远超过,远比), far, much, mostly, almost。
This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.注意: a.very可修饰最高级，用于形容词最高级前，以加强语气(完全地，真正地)This is the very best.b.序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africa is the second largest continent.8.要避免重复使用比较级。
(错)He is more cleverer than his brother.(对)He is more clever than his brother.(对)He is cleverer than his brothe
9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。
(错)China is larger that any country in Asia.(对)China is larger than any other country in Asia.10.要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。
The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out.11.要注意冠词的使用，后有名词的时候，前面才有可能有名词。
比较:Which is larger, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia?
She is taller than her two sisters.She is the taller of the two sisters.形容词副词比较级和最高级专练
用所给词的正确形式填空：
1.He ran __________ than all the others.He ran ___________ of all.(fast)2.James played as __________ as you.Mary played ___________of all.(well)3.She waited ____________ than she usually did.(long)4.I walked ___________ than the rest.I walked ___________ of all.(far)5.My friend came ____________ than Pual and Mike.(late)6.Among the three boys he works ____________.(hard)7.Bob left school __________ in his cla yesterday.(late)8.He swims as __________ as I do.(badly)9.Who did ___________ in the 100-metre race, Jim or Tim?(badly)10.Both Li Ming and Li Hong sang __________, but I sang ___________ of all.(badly)11.Peter is as ___________ as Tom.Benny is _________ than Tom.David is __________ of all.(fat)12.Li Li found _____________ mushrooms than I did.(many)13.The elephant is ____________ than any other animals.(big)14.Man is ____________ than animals.(much clever)15.Leon Two is a bit ____________ than Leon One.(easy)16.I’m ___________ boy under the sun.(happy)17.Today is ____________ than yesterday.(hot)18.An elephant is ___________ than a tiger.It is ___________ animal on land.(big)19.Mr.Li is ___________ than your uncle.(thin)20.Which book is _____________, yours or mine?(thick)21.This park is much ___________ than that one.(beautiful)22.The first book is more useful than the second one.3
The second book is __________ than the first one.(useful)23.Allan is ___________ of the three boys.(strong)24.His marks are ___________ than his friend’s(bad)
25.It is ___________ to do this maths problem than to do that one.(easy)26.My house is ____________ to the farm than yours.(far)27.My work is more important than yours.Your work is ____________ than mine.(important)28.Climbing this hill is _____________.Climbing that hill is ____________.Climbing Mt.Everest is ___________ of all.(dangerous)29.Mt.Everest is _________ than the Mont-Blanc.(high)30.My mother drives very carefully.She is a _________ driver than my father.(careful).31.Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _______(clever).32.Gold(黄金)is __________(little)useful than iron(铁).33.My sister is two years ___________(old)than I.34.John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the _________(young)child.35.The _________(cheap)bags are the not usually the best ones.36.The short one is by far ___________ expensive of the five.37.The boy is not so __________(interesting)as his brother.38.Dick sings _________(well), she sings ________(well)than John, but Mary sings_______(well)in her cla.39.She will be much __________(happy)in her mew house.40.This dre is __________ that.(twice, as…as…, expensive)
基础训练写出下列单词的比较级和最高级级
1.形容词或副词比较级直接加er或r，最高级直接加est或st
原形
比较级
最高级
原形
比较级
最高级 Oldyoung light
tallhort
long
fast
slow
high
low
nice
late
wide
large
blue
cold clever
2.形容词比较级双写末尾加er，最高级双写末尾加est big
hot
fat
thin
red
wet
sad
3.形容词结构是辅音字母+y的, 比较级变y为i再加er，最高级变y为i再加est heavy
busy
happy
early
dry
noisy
lucky
easy
4.形容词或副词的比较级和最高级是完全不规则形式 good/ well
bad / ill
many / much
few
little far
5.单词为多音节词，比较级用more, 最高级用most构成。beautiful
popular
carefully
wonderful
colourful
interesting
dangerous
important clever
quietly
difficult
delicious
