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食物的消化是从口腔开始的,食物在口腔内以机械性消化(食物被磨碎)为主,因为食物在口腔内停留时间很短,故口腔内的消化作用不大。
食物从食道进入胃后,即受到胃壁肌肉的机械性消化和胃液的化学性消化作用,此时,食物中的蛋白质被胃液中的胃蛋白酶(在胃酸参与下)初步分解,胃内容物变成粥样的食糜状态,小量地多次通过幽门向十二指肠推送。食糜由胃进入十二指肠后,开始了小肠内的消化。
小肠是消化、吸收的主要场所。食物在小肠内受到胰液、胆汁和小肠液的化学性消化以及小肠的机械性消化,各种营养成分逐渐被分解为简单的可吸收的小分子物质在小肠内吸收。因此,食物通过小肠后,消化过程已基本完成,只留下难于消化的食物残渣,从小肠进入大肠。
大肠内无消化作用,仅具一定的吸收功能。
The digestion of food begins from mouth, food is triturated in the oral cavity mainly with mechanical digestion, because food’s residence time in the oral cavity is very short, so the digestion has little effect.After entering the stomach, the food is digested namely by mechanical
digestion of gastric wall muscle and the chemical digestion of gastric juice, at this time, the protein in food has initial decomposition , the contents of the stomach becomes into chyme, When the chyme goes from the stomach into the duodenum, the digestion of the small intestine is beginning
The small intestine is the main place of digestion and absorption.The food is digested by pancreatic juice, bile and small intestine fluid with chemical
digestion and small intestinal mechanical digestion, then a variety of nutrients is gradually decomposed to small and simple absorbable molecules.Therefore, through the small intestine, the digestion proce has been basically
completed, leaving only the food residue hard to digest,from the small intestine into the large intestine.The large intestine without digestion, it has only absorption function.
