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2018年可锐考研英语阅读经典文章内容讲解
（九）Trademark bullying
商标欺诈
Shut your kale-hole
闭上你的臭嘴
What s in a name, anyway?
无论如何，商标中能有什么呢?
CHICK-FIL-A sells an average of nine sandwiches per second at its roughly 1,600 restaurants.托莱多的约1600家餐厅每秒平均卖出9个三明治。
Bo Muller-Moore paints T-shirts in the garage next to his house in Montpelier, Vermont.家在蒙彼利埃的Bo Muller-Moore在其车库里染印T恤衫。
In 2011 Chick-fil-A s sales were more than $4 billion;Mr Muller-Moore estimatesthat his were $40,000.托莱多2001年的销售额超过40亿美元;而Muller-Moore估计其销售额仅有40000美元。
Nonethele, the slogan screened on his shirts-Eat More Kale , initially made in 2001 as afavour for a local farmer, whose kale crop had a bumper year-caught the humourle eyes ofChick-fil-A s lawyers.尽管如此，Muller-Moore染印在T恤衫上的短语 Eat More Kale 还是为托莱多无趣的律师们所关注。
They had sent him a cease-and-desist letter in 2006, claiming his slogan was too close totheir client s Eat Mor Chikin.他们向Muller-Moore发出了 勒令停止通知函，声称Muller-Moore的宣传语同托莱多的宣传语 Eat MorChikin 意思太相近。
Really?
事实真是如此吗? 可锐教育官网http://www.daodoc.com
The letter does not cite a single person whom the slogan has confused.信函并未列举出任何一个为此宣传语—Eat More Kale所误导的人。
Besides, one entity sells food, the other clothing;only the profoundly stoned or derangedwould try to eat a T-shirt or wear a chicken sandwich.此外，他们一个是卖快餐的，另一个是卖衣服的;只有那些酩酊大醉、精神错乱的人才会吃T恤衫或者穿鸡肉三明治。
But Mr Muller-Moore is not the only small entrepreneur to have caught the attention of a bigfirm s trademark hawks.然而，Muller-Moore先生并非唯一一个受到大型企业商标权恐吓的私营业主。
In 2009 the company that makes Monster energy drinks demanded that Vermont s Rock ArtBrewery stop calling its barley wine Vermonster.在2009年，生产怪物能量饮料的公司要求福蒙特州的啤酒厂Rock Art停止使用 Vermonster 作为其高酒精啤酒的名称。
Last year Tootsie Roll Industries, which makes chewy sweets, filed suit against the maker ofa roll-up shoe called Footzyrolls.去年，生产咀嚼软糖的小脚趾圈公司对生产roll-up shoe的厂商Footzyrolls提起诉讼。
And in 2009 The North Face, an outdoor-clothing company, sued a much smaller clothingcompany that had decided to call itself The South Butt.在2009年，户外服装公司The North Face对一个非常小的服装公司提起诉讼，因为其自称The SouthButt。
Chick-fil-A insists it has to protect its trademark.托莱多声称要坚决保护它的商标。
But its idea of self-defence looks to others like bullying.然而，这一行为对于其他人来说更像恐吓、威胁。
The firm is protecting its trademark not from a crafty restaurateur hoping to piggyback onits fame, but from a kale farmer and a Neolithic stencil-artist in Vermont.它所谓的商标侵权者不是借其名声的狡猾的餐馆老板，而是风蒙特州的一个种植羽衣甘可锐教育官网http://www.daodoc.com
蓝的农民和一个民间模板艺术家。
Also, Chick-fil-A seems to be claiming ownership of the phrase eat more , which is a bitgreedy.而且，托莱多似乎宣称其是 eat more 词组的所有者。这一行为显得太贪婪了。
Mr Muller-Moore is fighting back.He has taken his campaign to Facebook and Kickstarter,where he and a co-producer are trying to raise funds for a documentary called A DefiantDude.Muller-Moore先生对托莱多的起诉予以回击。他同其合伙人在Facebook和Kickstarter试图为一个名为 野蛮的家伙 的纪录片募集资金。
Rock Art Brewery similarly defended itself, not in a court of law, where deep-pocketedcorporations enjoy an enormous advantage, but in the court of public opinion.Rock Art啤酒厂同样予以反击，不是在 自古衙门朝南开，有理无钱莫进来 的法庭，而是在公众舆论的平台。
It worked.这一方式奏效了。
After boycotts and negative publicity, Monster s makers agreed to drop the matterprovided that Rock Art did not start making energy drinks.在收到抵制和负面的名声影响后，怪物饮料生产商同意撤销诉讼，条件是Rock Art不在生产能量饮料。
Mr Muller-Moore claims to have received thousands of supportive letters.Muller-Moore先生声称收到了无数的声援信。
Hundreds of people have pledged to fund his film.许多人对其给予了资金援助。
Chick-fil-A may end up eating more crow.托莱多最终可能会以失败告终。
可锐教育官网http://www.daodoc.com
二．
Airport security
机场安全
Checkpoint challenge
安检点的挑战
A former TSA bo wants to bring down the curtain on security theatre
前交通安全部长希望终止无用的安检措施
FLYING isn t fun any more, is a popular refrain among travellers.They recall wistfully agolden age when flying was glamorous, not an ordeal of long lines and intrusive pat-downs.旅客常常抱怨飞行不再有趣。他们怅然回忆起飞行的黄金时期，那时坐飞机光彩照人，而不是长长的队伍和烦扰的搜身带来的痛苦。
In America these are inflicted by the Transportation Security Administration , which waet up after the terrorist attacks on September 11th 2001.It is now one of the country s mosthated institutions.Many paengers scorn its pettifogging rules.Many complain ofineffectual security theatre.In an Economist online debate last month, a crushing 87%of respondents agreed that the changes to airport security since 2001 had done more harmthan good.在美国，这些痛苦都是由美国运输安全管理局造成的，交通安全局是2001年9月11日的恐怖袭击后设立的，该机构现在是美国最讨人厌的机构之一。许多旅客嘲笑那些挑剔的规章制度，许多旅客抱怨安全措施毫无效果。上月在经济学人的网上辩论中，压倒性的87%的应答者同意2001年以来机场安检措施的改变 适得其反。
The man given the impoible task of opposing the motion was Kip Hawley, a former TSAbo.Even he readily admitted that airport security needed reforming.And on April 14th,writing in the Wall Street Journal, Mr Hawley offered some sensible proposals on how to doit.提出反对动议这一不可能任务的人是前美国运输安全管理局局长基普?霍利。他也乐意承认机场安检需要改革。4月14日，霍利先生在华尔街日报的一篇文章中就此问题提出了一些有益的提议。
One idea the airlines will not like is to stop them charging for checked bags.Mr Hawley saysthis would speed things up by discouraging flyers from dragging all their stuff throughsecurity.But carriers have come to rely on such fees, which rake in billions.IATA , theirlobby group, argues that, in any case, checkpoint delays were already lengthy in the mid-2000s, before most airlines charged bag fees.可锐教育官网http://www.daodoc.com
这些提议中，航空公司可能不会喜欢的是停止对受检行李收费。霍利先生表示这会阻止旅客拖着所有行李通过安检，从而提高效率。但是航空公司依靠这笔数以十亿计的费用。游说集团国际航空运输协会争辩说，2000年中期在大多数航空公司对行李收费之前，安检点已经拖延很厉害了。
Mr Hawley would also allow all liquids on flights, though those choosing to carry them mighthave to join a queue to have them scanned.He would also lift the bans on such things as knives and lighters.Strongercockpit doors have made it much harder to use weapons to bring down a flight.And tests runby the TSA found that officers were so busy hunting for lighters and other fairly trivial banneditems that they overlooked dummy bomb parts placed nearby.霍利先生同样会允许飞行时携带所有液体，但是这些旅客可能需要排队检测。他同样会取消对刀具和打火机等物品的禁令。更厚实的机舱门使得利用武器挟持飞机更为艰难。运输安全管理局的测试发现安检人员忙于寻找打火机以及其他琐碎的违禁品而忽略放置在附近的仿真炸弹部件。
In general, says Mr Hawley, predictable and rigid checks help terrorists: they design plotsaround them.So instead of subjecting everyone to the same checks, security should berandomised.However, he does not back one reform that the airlines are keen on: a trustedtraveller scheme in which flyers who have been vetted are spared most checks.Mr Hawley,who once liked the idea, now worries that terror groups are recruiting clean agents whowould pa such vetting.霍利先生表，总的来说，例行的严格安检有利于恐怖分子，他们围绕这些措施做文章。所以安检措施应该随机化，而不是让每个人接受同样的安检措施。但是他并不支持航空公司很热心的一项改革措施： 旅客白名单 计划，受过审查的旅客会免除大多数安检。霍利曾经喜欢这一想法，现在却担心恐怖组织会招募那些通过审查的 清白 恐怖分子。
IATA thinks that if vetting were thorough, and a few trusted travellers were checked atrandom, this problem could be overcome.The airlines also propose merging check-in,security, paport control and customs inspection into a seamle checkpoint of thefuture.But getting government agencies to agree to such a move will be like asking hyenasto share a steak.国际航空运输协会则认为如果审查够彻底，而且一些受信任的旅客随机安检，这个问题可以克服。航空公司同样提议整合登记签到，安检，护照管理和海关检查成为无缝衔接的未来安检点。但是说服政府部门统同意这一举措将会像要求鬣狗分享牛排一样不可能。
Even if all these reforms were introduced, far more would have to be done to make flying funonce more.Airlines would need to bring back wide seats and generous meals and drinks.Tedious safety drills and strict seat-belt rules would have to go, as would rowdy stag partiesand wailing children.One can but dream.即使实行所有的这些改革措施，使飞行重新变得有趣还需要做很多工作。航空公司需要可锐教育官网http://www.daodoc.com
恢复宽大的座位，提供免费的食物饮料。令人生厌的安全演习和严格的安全带规则统统废除，闹哄哄的男性聚会和嚎啕大哭的孩子都不复存在。我们只能在梦中见到了。
