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DeclarationofWarDecember8,1941
TotheCongreoftheUnitedStates:
Yesterday,Dec.7,1941-adatewhichwillliveininfamy-theUnitedStatesofAmericawaudd
enlyanddeliberatelyattackedbynavalandairforcesoftheEmpireofJapan.TheUnitedStateswasatpeacewiththatnationand,atthesolicitationofJapan,watillinconversationwiththegovernmentanditsemperorlookingtowardthemaintenanceofpeaceinthePacific.Indeed,onehourafterJapaneseairsquadrohadcommencedbombinginOahu,theJapaneseambaadortotheUnitedStatesandhiscolleaguesdeliveredtotheSecretaryofStateaformalreplytoarecentAmericanmeage.Whilethisreplystatedthatitseemeduseletocontinuetheexistingdiplomaticnegotiatio,itcontainednothreatorhintofwarorarmedattack.ItwillberecordedthatthedistanceofHawaiifromJapanmakesitobviousthattheattackwasdeliberatelyplaedmanydaysorevenweeksago.Duringtheinterveningtime,theJapanesegovernmenthasdeliberatelysoughttodeceivetheUnitedStatesbyfalsestatementsandexpreioofhopeforcontinuedpeace.TheattackyesterdayontheHawaiianislandshascausedseveredamagetoAmericannavalandmilitaryforces.VerymanyAmericanliveshavebeenlost.Inaddition,AmericanshihavebeenreportedtorpedoedonthehighseasbetweenSanFranciscoandHonolulu.Yesterday,theJapanesegovernmentalsolaunchedanattackagaitMalaya.Lastnight,JapaneseforcesattackedHongKong.Lastnight,JapaneseforcesattackedGuam.Lastnight,JapaneseforcesattackedthePhiliineIslands.Lastnight,theJapaneseattackedWakeIsland.Thismorning,theJapaneseattackedMidwayIsland.Japanhas,therefore,undertakenasurpriseoffeiveextendingthroughoutthePacificarea.Thefactsofyesterdayeakforthemselves.ThepeopleoftheUnitedStateshavealreadyformedtheiropinioandwellunderstandtheimplicatiototheverylifeandsafetyofournation.AscommanderinchiefoftheArmyandNavy,Ihavedirectedthatallmeasuresbetakenforourdefee.Alwayswillwerememberthecharacteroftheolaughtagaitus.Nomatterhowlongitmaytakeustoovercomethispremeditatedinvasion,theAmericanpeopleintheirrighteousmightwillwinthroughtoaolutevictory.IbelieveIinterpr
etthewilloftheCongreandofthepeoplewhenIaertthatwewillnotonlydefendourselvestotheuttermost,butwillmakeverycertainthatthisformoftreacheryshallneverendangerusagain.Hostilitiesexist.Thereisnoblinkingatthefactthatthatourpeople,ourterritoryandourinterestsareingravedanger.Withconfidenceinourarmedforces-withtheuoundingdeterminationofourpeo
ple-wewillgaintheinevitabletriumph-sohelpusGod.IaskthattheCongredeclarethatsincetheurovokedanddastardlyattackbyJapanonSunday,Dec.7,astateofwarhasexistedbetweentheUnitedStatesandtheJapaneseempire.
