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水文地质与工程地质常见的专业英语词汇
(勘察报告类)
水文地质类
孔隙水:pore water
裂隙水:crevice-water;fracture water 抽水试验:pumping test 压水试验:water preure testHydraulic preure test 注水试验:water injection test 渗透系数:coefficient of permeability 包气带:zone of aeration 上层滞水:perched water 潜水:phreatic water
承压水:confined water 含水层:aquifer
地下水侵蚀性:groundwater erosion
降排水工程:dewatering and drainage engineering 多孔介质:porous medium
水质标准:water quality standard
地下水水质:quality of the groundwater 流域:valley, basin
地下水 groundwater
地下水流域groundwater catchment
地下水条件;地下水情况groundwater condition地下水连通实验 groundwater connectivity test地下水量枯竭 groundwater depletion
地下水流量;地下水溢流 groundwater discharge地下水分水岭groundwater divide
地下水排水工程 groundwater drainage works地下水流向groundwater flow direction地下水位 groundwater level
地下水监测 groundwater monitoring地下水污染 groundwater pollution
岩土参数标准值:standard value ofgeotechnical parameter
土工试验:soil engineering tests 现场检验:in-situ inspection 现场监测:in-situ monitoring
工程地质测绘:engineering geological mapping 地基土:foundation soil
岩土层:layer,stratum(复strata)
地基承载力特征值:characteristic value ofsubgrade bearing
地基变形允许值:allowable subsoil deformation 地基处理:ground treatment 复合地基:composite foundation 承载力:bearing capacity 持力层:bearing stratum 桩:pile
承台:pilecap
钻孔灌注桩:drilled concreting piles 人工挖孔桩:hand-excavated hole piles(artificial hole piles)
沉管灌注桩:driven cast-in-place pile 深层搅拌桩: deep mixing method
预制桩:pretesting piles
静压桩:static-driving pile(Jack Up Pile)高压旋喷灌注:high-preure rotary grouting 桩基础:pile foundation
桩—土—承台:pile-soil-pilecap
动力触探:dynamic sounding
标准贯入试验:SPT(standard penetration technique)土钉:soil Nailing
地质灾害:geological hazards 管涌:piping
泥石流:mud-rock flow
滑坡:landslide
指标:index(复indexes或indices)
地下水水压测试 groundwater preure measurement地裂缝:ground fiure 地下水体系 groundwater regime地下水位 groundwater table
地下水位变动 groundwater table fluctuation
工程地质类
原位测试:in-situ tests 地震烈度:seismic intensity;earthquake intensity 岩土工程勘察报告:geotechnical investigation report 地震基本烈度:basic seismic intensity 不良地质作用:adverse geologic action 场地卓越周期:site predominant period
建筑场地类型:site claification for construction 剪切波速:equivalent velocity of shear wave 静力触探:static cone penetration test
剪切波速测试:measurement of sheer-wave velocity 液化:liquefaction
阐述:is presented;statement;be discued 阐明:expound 涉及:deal with
揭示:discover;show;exhibit
得出结论:draw a conclusion from;
地震影响:earthquake effects(或):come to a conclusion地下水对混凝土无侵蚀性:the groundwater has little 认为:firmly believe erosion to reinforced concrete 边坡:slope 锚固:anchoring 阶地:terrace 岩溶区:karst area 淤泥:sludge(muck)风化:weather 冲积:alluvial(.adj.)残积土:residual soil
填土:fill
人工杂填土:artificial mixed fills 粉土:silt.粉砂:silty sand 细砂:fine sand 粗砂:coarse sand 砾石:gravel 卵石:cobble 漂石:block
海相粘土:marine clay
颗粒级配:grain size distribution 湿度:soil moisture 塑限:plastic limit 粘聚力:cohesion
塑性指数:plasticity index
物理力学指标:physical and mechanical indices 抗剪强度:shear strength
岩石抗压强度:comprehensive strength of rock 地基加固:ground stabilization 土壤加固:soil stabilization 挡土墙:retaining wall 胀-缩:swell-shrink 敏感性:susceptibility
膨胀灵敏度:swell sensitivity 超固结土:overconsolidated clay
翻译常用英语单词
建议:suggest 值:value
性质:properties, characteristics 厚度:thickne
在论文最后:at the end of the thesis 断定:conclude that---数量:quantity
确定:determine
拟建:a structure planning to build证实:confirm 住宅楼:dwelling
综合办公楼:composite office building 小区:district
达到标准:come up to the standards 选择为:be chosen for 核实:make sure 统计:statistics(n)
统计数字:statistical figure
防治对策:prevention strategic measure 水量丰富:rich in water resources 组分:constituent
结果:as a consequence 引起:give rise to
地质类词汇
岩浆岩:igneous rock
变质岩:metamorphic rock 沉积岩:sedimentary 白云岩:dolomite
白云质灰岩:dolomitic limestone 凝灰岩:tuff 安山岩:andesite 花岗岩:granite 玄武岩:basalt
泥岩:mudstone
硅质页岩:siliceous shale 板岩:slate
(岩层)走向:strike
(岩层)倾角:dip angle(岩层)产状:strike-dip
(区域)地质构造:tectogenesistectonic movement 构造活动性:tectonic activity 张节理:tension joint 活断层:active fault 地裂缝:ground fiure 粘土矿物:clay mineral
中 华 人 民 共 和 国 国 家 标 准GB/T 14157—93
水文地质术语 Hydrogeologic terminology
路桥基勘察:
墩:pier
桥墩:reinforced concrete bridge piers 高速公路:expre highway,expreway 国道:national way 路基:roadbed
路线:route
路段:a section of a highway
水文地质学 hydrogeology
水文地质学原理(普通水文地质学)principles of hydrogeology(general hydrogeology)地下水动力学 groundwater dynamics 水文地球化学 hydrogeochemistry
专门水文地质学 applied hydrogeology 供水水文地质学 water supply hydrogeology 矿床水文地质学 mine hydrogeology
土壤改良水文地质学 reclamation hydrogeology 环境水文地质学 environmental hydrogeology 同位素水文地质学 isotopic hydrogeology 区域水文地质学 regional hydrogeology 古水文地质学 pa1eohydrogeology 水循环 water cycle水圈 hydrosphere 岩石圈 lithosphere 包气带 aeration zone 毛细带 capillary zone 饱水带 saturated zone
地下水动力垂直分带 dynamical vertical zoning of groundwater 大气降水 atmospheric precipitation 地表水 surface water 土壤水 soil water 空隙 void