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2018高考高频词汇必背及训练系列5 1.surprise n．惊奇，惊奇的事 I have got a big surprise for you.我给你带来了一个大的惊喜。v．使吃惊
What surprised us most was that she had such a sweet voice.最让我们感到惊讶的是她有如此甜美的嗓音。
to one's surprise 令人吃惊的是
To my surprise, he finished the task only in a few days.令我惊讶的是他竟然在几天之内就完成了任务。
注意：surprising 表示令人惊讶；主语通常是使人惊讶的事；surprised 表示主语本身产生的情绪，主语是人。
What you've told me is surprising.你给我讲的情况真令人吃惊。
The news made us surprised.这消息使我们很惊讶。
Though ________ to see us，the profeor gave us a warm welcome.A．surprise B．was surprised
C．surprised
D．being surprised 2.disaster n．灾难，不幸，祸患 Fires，floods and earthquakes are disasters.火灾、水灾和地震都是灾难。
This is one of the worst natural disasters ever to befall the area.这是该地区所经历的最严重的自然灾害之一。考点提示：
disasteraffected area
受灾地区 a traffic disaster
a disaster to sb
escape disaster 交通惨祸
某人的灾难
逃避灾难 死于灾祸 die in the disaster
The voyage to the Atlantic Ocean ended________.A．with disaster 3.promote vt.(1)促进，增进
Exercise promotes health.锻炼可增进健康。
The organization works to promote friendship between nations.该组织旨在促进各国之间的友谊。(2)使(某人)升级，擢升(某人)至„„(to)The boy was promoted to the fourth grade.这个男孩升到四年级。
The young army officer was promoted to the rank of captain.B．in disaster
C．with destroy
D．in fail
If we don't understand this，we shall commit mistakes.我们如果不理解这一点，就会犯错误。commit suicide
commit crimes
commit mistakes
自杀
犯罪 犯错误
(2)交托；交付；移交(为保管或处理)The boy was committed to the care of his uncle.这个男孩被委托给他的叔叔照管。
He committed himself to the cause of education.他投身于教育事业。(3)承诺；受誓约的约束
He refused to commit himself to any sort of promise.他拒不作出任何承诺。翻译句子：
(1)The hero in the novel committed suicide at the end of the book.______________________________________________________(2)I committed the matter to the care of a friend.______________________________________________________ 6.injury n．损伤，伤害
Don't do that.You'll do yourself an injury.别那样做，你会把自己弄伤的。
Several train paengers received/sustained serious injuries in the crash.在这次撞车事故中火车上几名乘客受重伤。do sb an injury＝do an injury to sb
伤害某人 the injured n.受伤的人，伤员
injury/wound/hurt/harm/damage辨析(1)injury n．指平时的大小创伤或伤害。He got serious injuries to the legs at work.他干活时腿受了重伤。
(2)wound指战斗中刀或枪的创伤，伤口。The soldier received two wounds in the battle.这位士兵在战斗中两处受伤。
(3)hurt尤指精神上和感情上的伤害，肉体上的伤痛。
The hurt to his feelings is more serious than the hurt in his body.他在感情上受到的伤害比身体上的伤痛更严重。
8.admire vt.钦佩，羡慕 ；欣赏
admire sb for sth /doing sth
因为做某事佩服某人
admiration n.钦佩；赞赏
have admiration for 对„„表示钦佩
with/in admiration 钦佩地
I really admire your enthusiasm.我确实钦佩你的热情。I have great admiration for her as a writer.我十分钦佩她这个作家。完成句子： 我钦佩他的勇气。
I ________ him ________ his courage.9.impact n．影响；冲击；撞击
Businees are beginning to feel the full impact of the crisis.企业开始感受到了经济危机的全面影响。The impact of the blow knocked Jack off balance.这一记猛击把杰克打了个趔趄。have an impact on...对„„有影响 完成句子：
His father's death ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ him.他爸爸的去世对他造成了巨大的影响。10.lo n．损失
The global financial crisis will lead to a number of job loes.全球金融风暴会让许多人失业。
When she died I was filled with a sense of lo.她去世后我心里充满了失落感。考点提示：
make up a lo
suffer loes
at a lo
弥补损失 遭受损失
感到迷惑
—Kate, you look worried now.—Well, I am at ________ lo as to how to solve ________ problem.A．a;the B．a;a C．不填；a D．the;the
