例谈英语中表示强调的方式_英语的强调方式

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例谈英语中表示强调的方式

英语中,说到“强调”,许多人会立刻想到语调、音量或者强调句,其实英语中表示强调的方法形式多样,现归纳介绍如下,以供教学参考。

一、使用句型结构:

1.强调句“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子其它部分。例如:

1).It was not until the train was out of sight that the crowd left for home.直到火车看不见了人们才各自回家。

2).It was with love and care that he grew up in the family.他是享受着关爱在这个家庭中长大的。

3).It was because the water had risen that they could not cro the river.正是因为河水上涨的原因他们才无法渡河。注意:1).这种结构不能用来强调谓语。

2).强调句和陈述句一样有否定形式和疑问形式,其中疑问形式分为特殊疑问和一般疑

问。例如:

It was not the boy that was to blame for the failure.根本不是这个孩子因为失败要受到责备。

What is it that fills you with so much anger?

到底是什么让你如此愤怒?

Was it in the drawer that you came acro the old photo?

你是在这个抽屉里偶然发现这张旧照片的?

Can it be the manager himself who is singing in the office?

在办公室唱歌的可能会是经理本人吗?

2.倒装句结构:可分为完全倒装(将谓语完全放在主语的前面)和部分倒装(将谓语的一 部分放在主语的前面)。例如:

At the top of the mountain stands a pine tree which measures several metres wide.在山顶上矗立着一颗松树,直径达好几米。

Only when we join hands can we overcome the difficulty ahead.我们只有携起手来才能克服前面的困难。

Hardly had we settled down on the train when it began to move.我们刚刚坐下火车就开了。

二、使用不同的词汇:

1.形容词表示强调,常见的有absolute, certain, clear, exact, great, perfect, real, total, very, single等。例如:

I have absolute trust in my husband, who has accompanied me for over 20 years.我完全信任我的丈夫,他已经陪伴我20多个年头了。Not a single person has been in the office this afternoon.今天下午竟然没有一个人来过办公室。

This is a real opportunity, one we can’t afford to lose.这真是一个绝好的机会,一个我们丢不起的机会。Aha, you are the very person we have been looking for ages!啊哈,你就是我们多年以来一直在需找的人!

2.用强调性副词或相当于副词的词组表示强调。常见的有absolutely, certainly, clearly, completely, exactly, greatly, indeed, just perfectly, really, quite, right, totally, very, even等。例如:

The arrow whistled through the air, struck the apple right in the centre and carried it off the boy’s head.箭呼啸着穿过空中,射在苹果的正中,把它从孩子的头上带走了。

I can’t even remember the name of that old friend of mine.我甚至连那位老朋友的名字都不记得了。

That is exactly what I want you to do.那就是我想让你做的事情。

3.在形容词和副词比较级前加any, far, even, much, rather, still, a lot, a great deal等来表示强调。例如:

A maglev train runs much faster than a common one.磁悬浮列车比普通的火车要快很多。Is your brother getting any better? 你哥哥的状况有任何的好转吗?

4.短语in every way,in no way,by all means,by no means,only too,in heaven,in the world,in hell,on earth,under the sun等表示强调。例如:

What on earth are you doing here? 你到底在干什么?

To our great sadne, the news was only too true.让我们难过的是,这消息确实是事实。I had nothing in the world but a million-pound note.除了一张百万英镑的钞票,我一无所有。5.用ever或在wh-词之后表示强调。例如:

War and peace is the best novel that I have ever read.《战争与和平》是我曾经读过的最好小说。Whatever it takes, I will get the job I want.无论付出任何代价,我都要拿到这份工作。6.在否定句中用at all, in the least表示强调。例如:

He didn’t mind being laughed at at all by his friends.他根本不在意被他的朋友嘲笑。

“Are you content with the plan?” “Not in the least.” “你对这个计划满意吗?” “一点也不”。

7.用let alone, not to speak of, not to mention等表示强调。例如:

It will take a long time, not to speak of the huge expense involved.要花很多时间,更不必说要花 许多钱了。

He can’t speak a word of Chinese, let alone read and write it.他连一个中文单词都不会说,更不用说读和写了。

8.用the last+名词,表示强烈的否定意义;用first+名词,表示强烈的肯定意义。例如:

You are the last person I want to work with in the world.你是这个世界上我最不愿意共事的人。

France is always many people’s first choice when it comes to travel destination.当谈到旅行目的地的时候,法国总是很多人的首选。9.在物主代词后加own表示强调。例如:

For all the migrate workers in China, the biggest wish is to have a flat of their own 对于所有的打工者而言,有一套属于自己的房子是他们最大的心愿。I won’t believe it unle I have seen it with my own eyes.我不会相信这一点,除非我亲眼所见。10.用反身代词表示强调。例如:

That the president himself will pay a visit to them greatly inspires the soldiers in the front.总统本人要看望他们极大地鼓舞了前线的士兵们。

11.将助动词do, does或did放在谓语动词之前表示强调。例如:

As you know, a positive attitude does matter when you face a challenge.你们知道,当你们面临挑战时,积极地态度的确重要。12.重叠使用词汇,表示强调。例如:

The crowd cheered and cheered until the ship was totally out of sight.人群不停地欢呼,直到轮船在视野中消失。

The teacher had her students read the paragraph again and again 老师让她的学生们反复读这一段。

英语中表示强调的方式还有很多,如使用大写字母、斜体字,加双引号等,了解并掌握这些对于领会文章作者的意图,提高语言学习者的语用能力有十分重要的意义。

参考文献:

1.《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》,商务印书馆,牛津大学出版社,2004年 2.冉巧玲,“英语中的强调形式”,《英语辅导报》高二版第25期,2003年 3.蔡华,“谈英语的强调方式”,《长沙大学学报》2008年第1期 4.张道真,《张道真实用英语语法》,外语教学与研究出版社,2004

作者姓名: 罗 虎

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