土地沙漠化英文介绍 Desertification由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“沙漠化英文”。
Desertification is a type of land degradation in which a relatively dry land region becomes increasingly arid, typically losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife.It is caused by a variety of factors, such as climate change and human activities.Desertification is a significant global ecological and environmental problem.Let’s begin with the areas affected by the desertification Drylands occupy approximately 40–41% of Earth’s land area and are home to more than 2 billion people.It has been estimated that some 10–20% of drylands are already degraded, the total area affected by desertification being between 6 and 12 million square kilometres, and that a billion people are under threat from further desertification.The Sahara is currently expanding south at a rate of up to 48 kilometers per year.But how is the desertification coming into being? Here are some Causes.Desertification is caused by two main categories of factors: natural factors and, more importantly, human activities.The natural factors causing desertification include the following: 1.The climate has a major influence through rainfall, solar radiation and wind, which affect the rates of physical and mechanical erosion as well as chemical and biological degradation of soil.2.The relief of a land affects the rate of soil erosion by water.3.The textile, structure, and chemical and biological status of soil are factors determining the soil properties in dry sub-humid zones.Human activities play a crucial role in desertification.The reasons behind these activities are the increasing demand for food due to the rapid population growth, and inappropriate agricultural practices.The following are some of the human activities that cause desertification: 1.Uncontrolled use of fire for hunting or for agricultural clearing.2.Over-exploitation of woody resources, particularly for fuelwood.3.Over-grazing of selective vegetation 4.Over-harvesting which results in abandoned fields 5.Agricultural practices that destroy the soil structure.6.Inappropriate irrigation of soil, leading to waterlogging and abandoned fields eventually.Based on the above factors, we can see that the soil becomes unsuitable for vegetation growth and is turned eventually into a desert.Here are some environmental impacts of desertification 1.The lo of farmlands.Farmlands are important natural resources.Humans rely on them for food.Desertification results in the lo of farmlands, and significantly threatens the living standard and well-being of people inhabiting the areas concerned.This also leads to social problems such as environmental refugees.2.This breakdown of the environment.Desertification also has serious impact on the natural environment.It breaks down the fragile balance and it represents the start of a proce that destroys the natural and stable ecosystem.3.Another problem is that the results of desertification in turn speed up the natural proce of desertification.The erosion of soils, the lowering of the water table and vegetation are all intensifying desertification.How to solve this problem?There are many available solutions.1.Control the population growth by using family planning, in order to decrease the land use capacity
2.The number of grazing and the rate of cultivation should not over the carrying capacity of land.3.Improve the farming and grazing methods, in other to reduce soil erosion and salinization.4.Band the deforestation and over grazing, in order to balance the ecosystem of desert.At the current rate that we are going it looks like it may not be poible to completely stop desertification.But there are some steps that can be taken to slow it down and in many cases prevent it.Although reversing the proce is an option, prevention is a much simpler and more cost-effective solution for dealing with it.And it’s everyone’s responsibilily.Let’s do it from now on.
