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材料分析
本产品的成型工艺采用注射成型，产品材料为：乳白色ABS，即丙烯腈—丁二烯—苯乙烯共聚物。
ABS是由丙烯腈、丁二烯、苯乙烯共聚而成的。这三种组合各自的特性。使ABS具有良好的综合力学性能。丙烯腈使ABS有良好的耐化学腐蚀及表面硬度，丁二烯使ABS坚韧，苯乙烯使它有良好的加工性和染色性能。
ABS无毒、无味、显微黄色，成型的塑件有较好的光泽，密度为1.02～1.05g/㎝3, ABS有极好的抗冲击强度，且在低温下也不迅速下降。ABS有良好的机械强度和一定的耐磨性、耐寒性、耐油性、耐水性、化学稳定性和电气性能：水、无机盐、碱类和酸类对ABS几乎无影响，但在酮、醛、酯、氯化烃中会溶解或形成乳浊液。ABS不溶于大部分醇类及烃类溶剂，但与烃长期接触会软化溶胀。ABS塑料表面受冰酯酸、植物油等化学药品的侵蚀会引起应力开裂。ABS有一定硬度和尺寸稳定性，易于成型加工，经过调色可配成任何颜色。ABS的缺点是耐热性不高，连续工作温度为70℃左右，热变形温度为93℃左右，且耐气候性差，在紫外线作用下易变硬发脆。
根据ABS中三种组分之间的比例不同，其性能也略有差异，从而适应各种不同的应力要求。根据应力要求的不同，ABS可分为超冲击型、高冲击型、中冲击型、低冲击型和耐热型等。
主要用途：ABS在机械工业上用来制造齿轮、泵叶轮、轴承、把手、管道、电机外壳、仪表壳、仪表盘、水箱外壳、蓄电池槽、冷藏库和冰箱衬里等。在汽车工业领域，用ABS制造汽车档泥板、热手、热空气调节导管、加热器等，还可用ABS夹层板制小轿车车身。ABS还可用来制作水表壳、纺织器材、电器零件、文教体育用品、玩具电子琴及收录机壳体、食品包装容器、农药喷雾器及家具等。
（1）查资料，ABS塑料物理力学主要性能参数：
相对密度：1.03～1.07g/cm
3导热系数：13.8～31.2(10-2w/(m*k))
线胀系数：5.8～8.6（10-5xl/k）
吸水率：0.20～0.4(24h)/%
成型收缩率：0.4～0.7%
伸长率：5～20%
熔点：130～160 0C
摩擦系数：0.5硬度（烙氏）：108～115
抗拉屈服强度：50MPa
拉伸强性模量：1.8×103MPa
弯曲强度：80MPa
体积电阻系数：6.9×1016Ω厘米
冲击强度：106.8～213.5
泊桑比：0.35～0.36
热变形温度：85～106摄氏度
连续最高温度：65摄氏度
（2）由资料查得ABS的注射工艺参数为：
注射机：螺杆式
螺杆转速：30r/min
料筒温度：后段—150～170°C
中段—165～180°C
前段—180～200°C
预热温度：80～85°C
预热时间：2～3h
喷嘴温度：170～180°C
模具温度：50～80°C
注射压力：60～100MPa
保压压力：50～70MPa
注射时间：20～90 S
高压时间：0～5 S
冷却时间：20～120 S
总周期：50～220 S
（3）由资料查得ABS的成型特性为：
a．非结晶形塑料，吸湿性强，要充分干燥；
b．流动性中等，溢边值为：0.04mm；
c．宜用高料温，高模温，注射压力亦较高；
d．模具浇注系统对料流阻力要小，应感注意选择浇口的位置和形式，脱模斜度取20以上。
（4）应对措施
a．ABS易吸水，成型加工前应进行干燥处理。
b．严格控制型腔型芯等成型零部件的加工、装配精度。
c．使用相应的螺杆式注射机，在条件允许的情况下可给模具预热。
d.查资料，模具使用一模两件，模具使用点浇口，主流道为圆形截面，以
减小摩擦阻力，设计合适的浇口位置。
（5）查资料：ABS的脱模斜度的推荐值及其它参数。
a．型腔脱模斜度：40分～1度20分
型芯脱模斜度：35分～1度
b.选用模具制造精度等级为：3、4、5
Material analysis
The forming proce of product by injection molding, product materials: white ABS, namely the acrylonitrilestyrene copolymer.ABS is composed of acrylonitrile, butadiene, styrene copolymerized by.A combination of these three respective characteristics.The ABS has good comprehensive mechanical properties.Acrylonitrile make ABS has good resistance to chemical corrosion and surface hardne of butadiene styrene, make ABS tough, so that it has good proceing property and dyeing properties.ABS non-toxic, tastele, micro yellow, molded plastic parts with good glo, density is 1.02～ 1.05g/ cm3, ABS has excellent impact strength at low temperatures, and is not decreased rapidly.ABS has good mechanical strength and must wear resistance, cold resistance, oil resistance, water resistance, chemical stability and electrical properties: water, inorganic salts, alkalis and acids on ABS almost no effect, but in ketones, aldehydes, esters, chlorinated hydrocarbons will diolve or the formation of emulsion.ABS is insoluble in most alcohols and hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon solvent, but long-term exposure may soften the swelling.ABS plastic surface ice acid, vegetable oil and other chemicals can cause stre cracking corrosion.ABS has certain hardne and dimensional stability, easy proceing, after can match any color palette.The disadvantages of ABS are heat resistance is not high, continuous working temperature is 70℃, the heat deformation temperature is about 93 ℃, and the resistance to bad weather, under ultraviolet light to change hard brittle.According to the ABS of three components of the ratio between the different, its performance is slightly different, so as to adapt to different stre requirements.According to the different stre requirements, ABS can be divided into high impact, high impact, impact type, low impact and heat resistance type.Main applications: ABS in machinery industry for manufacturing gear, pump impeller, bearings, handle, pipeline, motor shell, shell instrumentation, instrument panel, the outer tank, an accumulator tank, and cold storage refrigerator lining etc..In the automotive industry, with ABS manufacturing automobile fender, hot hand, hot air conditioning duct, heater, but also with ABS sandwich plate for car body.ABS can also be used to make the water meter shell, textile equipment, electrical parts, sporting goods, toys, electronic organ and tape recorders shell, food containers, pesticide sprayer and furniture.(1)to look up the material, ABS plastic mechanical main performance parameters:
Relative density: 1.03～ 1.07g/cm3
Thermal conductivity coefficient:13.8~ 31.2(10-2w/(m*k))
Coefficient of linear expansion:5.8~ 8.6(10-5xl/k)
Water absorption rate:0.20~ 0.4(24h)of
Mold shrinkage rate:0.4～ 0.7%
Elongation : 5 ～20%
Melting point: 130～ 160 0C
Coefficient of friction:0.5
Hardne(Branded 's):108～ 115
Tensile yield strength:50MPa
Tensile strength modulus:1.8 × 103MPa
Flexural strength:80MPa
Volume resistance coefficient:6.9× 1016 Ωcm
Impact strength:106.8～ 213.5
Poion's ratio:0.35～ 0.36
Heat distortion temperature:85~ 106 degrees Celsius
Continuous maximum temperature:65 degrees Celsius
(2)by means of checking ABS of injection proce parameters for:
Injection machine : screw
Screw speed:30r/min
Barrel temperature: after150～ 170 ° C
In the middle of165～ 180 ° C
Anterior-180～ 200° C
Preheat temperature:80～ 85° C
Preheating time: 2～ 3H
Nozzle temperature:170～ 180° C
Mold temperature:50～ 80° C
Injection preure:60～ 100MPa
Preure:50～ 70MPa
Injection time:20～ 90 S
Preure time: 0～ 5 S
Cooling time: 20～ 120 S
Total time: 50～ 220 S
(3)by means of checking ABS molding characteristics:
A.amorphous plastic, hygroscopicity strong, to fully dry;
B.liquid medium, the edge overflow value: 0.04mm;
C.is suitable for high temperature materials, high mold temperature, injection preure and high;
D.mold gating system for material flow resistance small, should pay great attention to the choice of gate location and sense of form, taking more than 20draft.(4)measures
A.ABS absorbent, molding proceing should be carried out before drying.B.strict control of the core and cavity of the forming parts of the proceing, aembly accuracy.C.use the corresponding screw injection molding machine, in the conditions permit to mold preheating.D.to look up the material, tooling mold two, mold gate, sprue for circular section, in order to reduce friction, appropriate design of gate location.(5): ABS search draft recommendation value and other parameters.A.cavity draft:40~ 1degrees 20 minutes
Core draft:35～1
B.selection of mold manufacturing precision grade:3,4,5
