浅谈定语从句其它句型的区别由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“定语从句与其它句式”。
浅谈定语从句其它句型的区别
来源:中学生英语
在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句,称为定语从句,也叫形容词性从句。定语从句是历年高考的重点项目。要掌握好定语从句必须注意它和其它句型的区别。
定语从句与并列句
用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
1.Mr Li has three daughters, none of _______ is an engineer．
2.Mr Li has three daughters, but none of _______is a dancer．
解析：定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于：并列句有像and，but，so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。从结构上看，①小题是定语从句，故填whom；②小题有并列连词but，是并列句，故填代词 them；
定语从句与状语从句
定语从句的前面有名词作先行词，而状语从句没有先行词。
1.It is the place where we used to live years ago.这是我们过去惯常住的地方。（定语从句，先行词为the place）
2.Let’s go where we can find a better job.我们到能找到更好工作的地方去吧。（地点状语从句）
3.She is such a kind girl that we all like her.(结果状语从句)4.She is such a kind girl as we all like.（定语从句）
代词as在从句中充当宾语。定语从句中的关系词在从句中充当某种句子成分，因此去掉它则从句成分不完整；而结果状语从句中的连接词在从句中不作任何成分，去掉后从句的成分仍然完整。
5.You know the time when the cla is over? 你知道下课的时间吗？（定语从句）
6.It was already five o’clock when the cla was over.= When the cla was over, it was already five o’clock.当下课时己经是5点了。（时间状语从句）
When, where和why在引导定语从句时可以用“介词＋which”的结构来替换，在引导状语从句时却不行。
7.This is the factory where（in which）she once worked.这就是他的父亲曾经在那里工作过的那个工厂。（定语从句）
8.Put back the book where it was.把书放回原处。（状语从句）
定语从句与同位语从句
定语从句和同位语从句在形式结构上基本相同，都跟在名词或代词之后，且又常由that引导。但它们的句法功能却不相同。我们可以从以下几个方面把它们区别开来：
1.先行词的范围不同
定语从句的先行词范围很广，可以指人、物等，没有限制；同位语从句的被修饰词通常是少数一些表示抽象意义的名词，不指人。同位语从句修饰的词常见的有：belief, doubt, fact, hope, idea, news, thought, order, suggestion, wish, answer, information, conclusion, decision, knowledge, opinion, problem, promise, question, plan, report, truth, view等。例如：
① This is the place that / which we visited yesterday.这就是昨天我们参观过的地方。（定语从句）
②The hope that all people will be rich is most difficult to come true.人人富裕这个希望极难实现。（同位语从句）2.从句和先行词的关系不同
定语从句在复合句中相当于形容词，对先行词起修饰、描述或限制的作用，与先行 词之间有从属关系。同位语的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词给予补充说明或进一步解释，是前面名词的具体内容,与先行词之间是同位关系。例如：
①The news that she had paed the exam made her parents very happy.她考试及格这个消息使她父母很高兴。（同位语从句）此句中的同位语从句 The news that she had paed the exam可以改写成表语从句：The news is that he paed the exam.②The news that he told us interested all of us.他告诉我们的消息使大家都感兴趣。（定语从句）
The news that he told us 是定语从句，此句就不能改写为：The news is that he told us.3.引导词及其作用不同
引导定语从句的词是关系词，常见的关系词有that, which, who, whose, whom, when, where, why, as等。关系词除了连接主从句的作用外，还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语、状语、定语、表语等。引导同位语从句的that只起连接主从句的作用，不在从句中担任任何成分。what, whether和how 可以引导同位语从句，但不能引导定语从句。例如：
①I’ll never forget the day when I saw the Great Wall．我永远不会忘记我见到长城的那一天。（定语从句，关系副词when作从句状语）
②The fact that（which）we talked about is very important．我们所谈论的那个事实很重要。（定语从句，that在从句中作about的宾语）
③The fact that he succeeded in the experiment pleased everybody．他实验成功这个事实使我们大家很高兴。（同位语从句，that只起连接作用）
④I have a doubt whether he will be warmly welcomed.我怀疑他是否能受到热烈欢迎。（同位语从句）
定语从句与强调句
用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①It is on the morning of May 1st _______ I met Liang Wei at the airport．
②It is the factory _______ Mr Wang works．
解析：定语从句与强调句的主要区别在于：强调句的结构为“It is / was ＋ 被强调部分 ＋ that ＋ 从句”。被强调部分可以是除谓语以外的任何成分，当被强调部分是人时，还可用who代替that。这一句型中，一定不能因为被强调部分是表时间或地点的词就用when或where代替 that。从结构上看，①小题是强调句，故填 that。此种情况检测的方法是：先把强调句中的It is / was去掉，再把被强调部分还原，在不增加或减少任何单词的情况下，如句子仍然成立则为强调句，否则为定语从句。将第①小题改为：I met Liang Wei on the morning of May 1st at the airport．显然，这句话是正确的，故为强调句。②小题则是定语从句，用上述方法转换便知the factory前差个介词in，故填 where。
定语从句与单句
用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①The mother told the lazy boy to work, _______ didn't help．
②The mother told the lazy boy to work._______ didn't help．
解析：含有定语从句的复合句与两个单句的主要区别在于：前者有主句，有从句，必须有关系词；而后者则是两个单独的句子，不需要任何关联词。①小题两个句子用逗号连接且没有并列连词，显然应是主从句关系，因此需要用关系词 which，前面整个句子作先行词；②小题则填It，代替前面的整个句子。解题时，注意标点符号的运用。
【高考链接】 【考题1】 Yesterday she sold her car, _______she bought a month ago.（2008 浙江）
A.whom
B.where
C.that
D.which 【点拨】 D 本题考查定语从句关系词选用。从句中bought是及物动词，缺少宾语，排除B。这是非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句的先行词指物时，应用which而不用that，排除C。先行词为car,是物，排除A。故应用which，选D。
【考题2】Occasions are quite rare______ I have the time to spend a day with my kids.（2008山东）
A.who
B.which
C.why
D.when 【点拨】 D 本题考查定语从句关系词的选择。此题关键是要根据句意判断出是定语从句。句意为：我有时间和孩子们一起度过一天的机会很少。Occasions是先行词，从句成分齐全，排除A, B。所选关系词在定语从句中要做时间状语，故选D。
【考题3】 I’ll give you my friend’s home addre, ______ I can be reached most evenings.（2008北京）
A.which
B.when
C.whom
D.where 【点拨】D本题考查非限制性定语从句。此题关键是判断定语从句的完整与否。定语从句中reach 是及物动词，但此句是被动语态，从句成分齐全，所以选择关系副词，排除A, C。定语从句先行词是地点，所以排除B。故选D。
【考题4】 Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ______ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.（2008 江西）
A.where B.when
C.who
D.which 【点拨】A 本题考查定语从句。此题关键是判断定语从句的先行词为cases，意思是：情况，状态，指物或指地点，关系词在从句中作状语，先行词指地点，用where。
在定语从句中，当先行词为point, case, situation等时，通常用关系副词where引导。
【考题5】
The road conditions there
turned out to be very good, ______was more than we could expect.（2008全国II）
A.it
B.what
C.which D.that 【点拨】C本题考查定语从句中稍微偏难的非限制性定语从句。从句的引导词which指代前边整句话的内容。整句话逻辑意思不难得出：“那里的道路状况被证明非常不错，这超出了我们的想像。”
【考题6】 The man pulled out a gold
watch, ______were made of small diamonds.（2008陕西）
A.the hands of whom
B.whom the hands of C.which the hands of
D.the hands of which 【点拨】D本题考查定语从句中稍微偏难题型：
whose + n = the + n + of which / of which + the + n
所以the hands of which = of which the hands = whose hands 答案选D。
【考题7】 For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, ______ New York is an example.（2008 四川）
A.for which
B.in which
C.of which
D.from which 【点拨】 C 本题考查定语从句中介词 +关系代词题型。介词由定语从句中example 决定。其中for example是“例如”，用于举例证明；而本句要表达“世界上许多城市都不再有扩展空间，纽约就是其中一个例子。”所以“其中的一个”选C。此类题型关键点是介词的选择，介词的选择取决于其与作先行词的名词、代词的搭配或与定语从句中谓语动词的搭配。有时候需要兼顾先行词和定语从句中的动词。
【考题8】 They will fly to Washington, ______ they plan to stay for two or three days.（2008重庆）
A.where
B.there
C.which
D.when 【点拨】A 本题考查定语从句关系词的选用。两个句子要选择关系词，首先排除B。分析定语从句成分齐全，选择关系副词，排除C。先行词是地点，排除D。故选A。
【巩固练题】
1.His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone ______ family was poor.A.of whom
B.whom
C.of whose
D.whose
2.She heard a terrible noise, ______ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it
B.which
C.this
D.that
3.In the dark street , there wasn’t a single person ______ she could turn for help.A.that
B.who
C.from whom
D.to whom
4.The weather turned out to be very good, ______ was more than we could expect.A.what B.which
C.that
D.it
5.After living in Pairs for fifty years he returned to the small town ______ he grew up as a child.A.which B.where
C.that
D.when 6.Carol said the work would be done by October.______ personally I doubt very much.A.it
B.that
C.when D.which 7． Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ______, of course, made the others unhappy.A． who
B．which
C．this
D.what 8.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ______ was very reasonable.A.which price
B.price C.the price of which D.the price of whose
9.______ has already been pointed out, grammar is not a set of dead rules.A.As
B.It
C.That D.Which 10.He lived in London for 3 months, during ______ time he learned some English.A.this
B.which
C.that
D.same
11.Oh, the wall hung a picture, ______ color is blue.A.whose
B.of which
C.which
D.its
12.Whenever I met him,______ was fairly often, I like his sweet and hopeful smile.A.what B.which
C.that
D.when
13.The visitor asked the guide to take his picture______ stands the famous tower.A.that
B.where
C.which D.t here
14.The bo ______department Ms King worked ten years ago look down upon women.A.in which
B.in that
C.in whose
D.whose
15.I don’t like ______you speak to her.A.the way
B.the way in that
C.the way which
D.the way of which
Keys: 1-5 DBDBB
6-10 DBCAB
11-15 ABBCA
