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1-2 谚语口译
一、形同意合 教学相长
To teach is to learn 事公办
Busine is busine 文如其人
The style is the man 浑水摸鱼
Fish in troubled waters 欲速则不达
More haste,le speed 事实胜于雄辩
Facts speak louder than words 失败乃成功之母
Failure is the mother of succe 有其父必有其子
Like father,like son 英雄所见略同
Great minds think alike 祸不单行
Misfortunes never come alone 隔篱有眼隔墙有耳
Hedges have eyes,walls have ears 谋事在人，成事在天
Man proposes,god disposes 祸从口出
The tongue cuts the throat 眼不见为净
Out of sight,out of mind 无官一身轻
Out of office,out of danger 时不我待岁月无情
Time and tide wait for no man 家有万贯财，不如一身键 Health is better than wealth 前事不忘后事之师
The remembrance of the past is the teacher of the future
二、形异意合 班门弄斧
Teach fish to swim 勿打草惊蛇
Let sleeping dogs lie 杀鸡儆猴 Beat the dog before the lion 胸有成竹 Have a card up one’s sleeve 本末倒置 Put the cart before the horse 强中更有强中手
Diamond cut diamond 拿了手短吃了嘴软
Gifts blind the eyes 喧宾夺主
The sauce is better than the fish 无风不起浪
There is no smoke without fire 新官上任三把火
A new broom sweeps clean 得陇望蜀得寸进尺
Much will have more 挂羊头卖狗肉
He cries wine and sells vinegar 王婆卖瓜自卖自夸
Every potter praises his pot 不要恩将仇报
Don’t bite the hand that feeds you 天涯何处无芳草
There are plenty of fish in the sea 一箭双雕
Kill two birds with one stone 一言既出驷马难追
A word spoken is past recalling 物以类聚人以群分
Birds of a feather flock together 人不可貌相海水不可斗量 Judge not a book by its cover 说到曹操，曹操到
Speak of the devil 水能载舟亦能覆舟
The same knife cuts bread and fingers 身正不怕影子斜
燕雀安知鸿鹄之志
三、形相远意相近 树大招风
亡羊补牢
真金不怕火炼
不入虎穴，焉得虎子
自食其果
大器晚成事与愿违
生命在于运动
一失足成千古恨
因小失大
五十步笑百步
天网恢恢疏而不漏
心急吃不了热豆腐
小巫见大巫
君子之交淡如水
若要人不知除非己莫为 醉翁之意不在酒
三个和尚无水吃
请勿盲目乐观
祸兮福所倚福兮祸所伏 失之东隅收之桑榆
留得青山在不怕没柴烧 sheep 顺其自然随遇而安
A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe
A sparrow cannot understand the ambition of a swan
Names are debts
A stitch in time saves nine True blue will never stain Nothing venture,nothing have
As you make the bed,so you must lie in it Late fruit keeps well All your swans are geese Rest breeds rust
Short pleasure,longlament Penny wise and pound foolish The pot calls the kettle black Justice has long arms
A watched pot never boils
The moon is not seen when the sun shines A hedge between keeps friendship green What is done by night appears by day Many ki the baby for the nurse’s sake Everybody’s busine is nobody’s busine
Don’t count the chicken before they’re hatched Misfortune might be a bleing in disguise What we lose in hake we shall have in herring
The shepherd would rather lose the wool than the Don’t trouble troubles until trouble troubles you 2-3 宴会招待（Banquet Service）
A：各位，晚上好，今天我们在此举办晚宴，招待各位亲爱的朋友和敬业的专家，庆贺我们的会谈取得圆满成功，我感到非常高兴。我特别感谢凯兰女士大驾光临。没有凯兰女士的最后努力，还不知道现在会怎样呢，恐怕我们还在谈判之中。
(Ladies and gentlemen, good evening.It gives me a great pleasure to host the banquet in honor of our dear friends and dedicated experts, and celebrate the succeful conclusion of our talks.In particular, I’d like to thank Ms.Kelland for her coming.Without her last-minute effort, we would still be in the middle of nowhere, probably in the middle of negotiations, I’m afraid.)B: Thank you, President Li.You all did very well.I just contributed my share.We all maneuvered succefully to get our job done, so to speak.Well, ladies and gentlemen, are we carrying out another round of talk over the dinner?（谢谢李总，你们都做得很好，我只是尽了自己的责任。可以说我们每个人都成功地使我们的使命得以完成。怎么样，女士们，先生们，难道我们在晚宴上还要谈判吗？）A：今天不谈生意，我建议今晚我们只叙友情，当然，我们要尽情享受大自然赐予我们的食物。(No more busine talks today.We’ve already put an end to it.I propose we limit our talk to friendship tonight.And of course, we’ll delight ourselves completely in the foods that Mother Nature grants us.)B: That’s great, the delicious Chinese food!I can’t wait to enjoy your food.What are we expecting tonight?（太好了，可口的中国菜，我等不及了。今晚我们有什么好吃的呢？）A：今晚我们准备了典型的上海餐，希望各位喜欢。
(Tonight we have prepared a typical Shanghai meal.I hope you will like it.)B: Yes, eat in Shanghai as Shanghai people eat.But, to be frank, I’ve heard of the famous Cantonese food, Sichuan food, Shandong food, but not that much of Shanghai food.What’s special about Shanghai cuisine?（是的，在上海就应该吃上海人之所吃。不过，恕我直言，我只听说过声名显赫的粤菜、川菜和鲁菜，对上海菜不是很了解。上海菜系有什么特点？）A：上海菜系是中国最年轻的地方菜系，通常被称为“本帮菜”，有着400多年的历史。通中国其他菜系一样，“本帮菜”具有“色、香、味”三大要素，特点是注重调料的使用、食物的质地和菜的原汁原味。
(Shanghai cuisine, usually called Benbang cuisine, is the youngest among the major regional cuisines in China, with a history of more than 400 years.Like all other Chinese regional cuisines, Benbang cuisine takes “color, aroma and taste” as its eential quality elements.It emphasizes in particular the expert use of seasonings, the selection of raw materials with quality texture, and original flavors.)B: It sounds very appetizing.（听来很能引起食欲。）
A：我推荐一道特色点心“南翔小笼”和一道特色菜“松鼠鳜鱼”。”“南翔小笼”是猪肉馅，个小味美，皮薄汁醇。松鼠鳜鱼色泽黄亮，形如松鼠，外皮脆而内肉嫩，汤汁酸甜适口。绝对没错，你一定喜欢。
(I’d like to recommend a special snack known as Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings and a special dish called “Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish”.Nanxiang Steamed Meat Dumplings are small in size, with thin and translucent wrappers, filled inside with ground pork and rich tasty soup.The squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish is yellow-colored and squirrel-shaped, with a crispy skin and tender meat, all covered with a sweet and sour sauce.They are absolutely tasters’ choice.I bet you will like them.)B: Oh, I suppose they are the perfect combination of the three elements “colors, aroma and taste”.Especially the Squirrel-Shaped Mandarin Fish, I can’t figure out how the chef makes the dish look like a squirrel.Shall we add “appearance” to your judgment criteria?（奥，我想它们的确是“色、香、味”三要素的完美结合。尤其是松鼠鳜鱼，我想不出来厨师是怎样把菜做得像个松鼠的。我们在三大评价标准上再添上“形”吧。）A：完全正确，可以再加上“形”，那我们就有了第四大要素。菜上来了，别客气，请随意。
(Absolutely right, plus “appearance”-that makes the fourth element.Ok, here we are.Please help yourselves to the dishes.)B: The dinner is so delicious.The dishes are complete with color, aroma, taste and appearance.Thank you very much for your invitation and hospitality.I hope I haven’t mied anything, have I?（味道太可口了，这些菜的色、香、味、形都很好。谢谢你们的盛情邀请和款待。我希望没有漏掉什么好吃的吧？）
A：很高兴您喜欢这里的菜。晚宴才开场，好戏还在后头呢。女士们、先生们，各位能赏光来此共度一年中的这个美好时光，我感到非常荣幸。让我们共同举杯，敬祝凯兰女士健康。
(I’m very glad that you like the dishes.But this is just the beginning of the dinner.We have more surprises to expect.Ladies and gentlemen, I consider it a great honor to have you all here for this wonderful time of the year.Let us drink to the health of Ms.Kelland)B: And toast to the health of President Li and to the health of everybody here.Cheers!（也祝李总身体健康，祝在座各位身体健康。干杯！）A：为我们永久的友谊与合作，干杯！
(To our lasting friendship and cooperation, cheers!)3-4 文化差异(Cultural Difference)A：您能给我举些例子吗？比如说，您在中国的生活和工作中发现什么严重的文化差异或冲突吗？
(Can you offer us some examples? For instance, during your stay in China, have you found any serious cultural differences or clashes with regard to life and work?)
B: We emphasize efficiency, competition and originality while your management gives priority to careful planning and encourages close cooperation and altruistic dedication among team members.In daily contacts, we tend top be humorous and casual while some of you appear more serious and formal.In American schools, discuion is given top priority and seminar is the usual way of cla.Good teachers are those who poes flexible and adaptable talents, and are able to respond instantaneously at any moment to any questions that might arise among the students.That kind of capacity makes a popular teacher in the United States.But Chinese teachers like to lecture in cla, and a lot of them are obseed with examinations;they spend long hours planning and preparing leons, and writing consistent and standardized teaching plans.All too often, they’re happy with bringing up identical and standardized talents.（我们强调效率、竞争和独创性，而你们则将严谨规划放在首位，鼓励团队成员之间的密切合作和无私奉献。在日常交往中，我们往往比较幽默和随意，而你们则比较认真和严肃。在美国学校，讨论享有至高无上的地位，讨论就是课堂教学的主旋律。优秀教师具有灵活应变的才能，能随时回答学生可能提出的各种问题。这样的教师最受学生欢迎。而中国的教师喜欢讲课，喜欢考试，花许多时间去备课，编写千篇1律的标准教案，培养整齐划一的高材生。）
A：我感觉美国人太注重个人主义，太注重个人利益，这样可能会牺牲集体的利益，影响群体之间的和睦，甚至会损害社会的和谐。
(I think Americans give too much importance to individualism and personal gains, so much so that it might sacrifice collective benefits, hurt the agreeable relationship among group members and even bring harm to the harmony of the society.)B: Yes, in many cases, you’re right.American working ethic seems to be more individual-oriented.We often value results and accomplishments of work more than its proce.Central to American political, economic and social thought is the concept individual moral autonomy.If I am not mistaken, traditional Chinese philosophical systems are based on Confucianism, which sings high praises for individuals to uplift themselves for the benefits of communal harmony.That is,communal harmony takes precedence over individual freedom.（你说的对，在很多情况下，确实如此。我们美国人的工作理念似乎更强调个人主义。我们一般重视的是结果和成就，而不是过程。美国政治观、经济观以及社会观的核心是个人道德自治观。如果我没理解错的话，中国传统的思想体系是以儒家学说为基础的，这种思想强调整体和谐，强调整体和谐高于个体自由。）
A：可以这样说，应该说是部分正确吧。尽管我们有如此多的文化差异，全球化浪潮正使世界变得越来越小，文化交流也随之变得越来越广泛。
(You may say so.I should say you’re partially correct on that.In spite of so many cultural differences, globalization has brought the world increasingly closer.Likewise, cultural exchanges have become more and more extensive.)
B: Yes.The global integration of economy and the speeding information revolution have brought the world closer than ever before.Chinese learn English, Americans learn Chinese;we drink tea, you drink Coca-Cola;we exercise Kung Fu, you go bowling;we enjoy Peking Duck, you like KFC;Titanic sailed into China, The Peony Pavilion has been performed on Broadway.Nowadays, easterners and westerners are walking side by side, talking face to face, living, working and studying in harmony.The whole world is becoming increasingly beautiful due to cultural Exchanges.（是的。全球经济一体化，不断加速的信息革命，等等，都使世界的联系比以往更加紧密。中国人学习英语，美国人学习汉语；我们饮茶，你们喝可乐；我们练功夫，你们玩保龄球；我们品尝北京烤鸭，你们喜欢肯德基；《泰坦尼克号》驶进了中国，《牡丹亭》也在百老汇上演了。现在，东西方人肩并肩走路，面对面交谈，和谐的工作、生活和学习。整个世界由于文化的交流而变得越来越美丽。）A：是的，“中国丽人”和“美国丽人”走到了一起。我想这个话题还有很多值得我们探讨的地方，由于时间关系，我们今天暂且谈到这里。以后我们再接着聊吧。谢谢。(Yes, “Chinese beauty” and “American beauty”are walking together.I believe there’s still much room for further discuion on this topic.As time is limited, we have to stop here today.We’ll find some other time to continue our talk.Thank you.)B: My pleasure.Yes, we’ll do it some other time.（不客气。是呀，我们另找时间再接着聊。）
16-4 用筷技艺
Chopsticks, or kuaizi, are the most distinctive eating tool on the Chinese dining table.筷子是中餐桌上最有特色的用餐工具。
For thousands of years we Chinese have always regarded chopsticks the simplest poible and the most efficient tool for transporting bite-sized morsels of food from a bowl to the mouth.几千年来我们中国人一直视筷子为一种可以将饭从碗中逐口送入口中的最简单同时也是最有效的工具。
As early as in the Zhou Dynasty, chopsticks were used for picking up meat and vegetables, while hands were used for rice.早在周朝时期，筷子便被人们用来夹取荤、蔬菜，而米饭在那时则用手来取食。
The Chinese term for chopsticks during this period was zhu, a character whose sound was homonymous with another world meaning “to stop”.这一时期的筷子叫做“箸”，与“住”字谐音。
Since this character was taboo on ships, which were not supposed to stop en route, it was changed to kuai, a word homonymous with another word meaning “quick”.可这个“住”字在船上被视为禁忌语，因为船是不可以在航行途中打住不前的，人们因而改“箸”字为“筷”字，与“快”字谐音。
Then, another character zi was added as a sort of suffix, 此后，人们在“筷”字后又添加了后缀词“子”。
as occurs with the names of many common objects in the kitchen, such as beizi(cup), panzi(plate), guozi(pot), zhuozi(table),etc.中国许多厨房用品的名称都带有后缀词“子”，如“杯子”、“盆子”、“锅子”、“桌子”等等。
The mastery of this survival tool requires a skillful coordination of fingers, 掌握好筷子这件与生存有关的工具需要手指的熟练协调，which gives a child an opportunity to prove to his or her parents that he or she is no longer dependent on the spoon 而用好筷子则可以给孩子一次机会，向父母亲表明，自己已无需再依赖汤匙进食，and can reach out for his or her own food like everyone else.可以同常人一样独立取食了。
Chopsticks, which are roughly uniform in size throughout China, 全国各地的筷子大小基本一样，can be made of a variety of materials, including bamboo, wood, lacquer, jade, ivory, plastic, aluminum, silver and gold.而所用材料的种类则各有不同，所选材料有竹子、木材、漆器、玉石、象牙、塑料、铝、银、金等。
Special long bamboo chopsticks are generally used in the kitchen.特长的竹筷通常用于厨房中。
In the past, wooden chopsticks inlaid with silver thread were used to test whether poison was put in a meal, 过去人们用嵌有竹器的木筷来测试是否有人在餐中下毒，since silver reacts to a number of poisonous substances by changing its color.因为银器碰到一些有毒物品会起变色反应。
The way we Chinese handle our chopsticks is quite artistic and varied from person to person like one's signature.我们中国人使用筷子的方法很有艺术性，各人有各人的方法，就好像签名一样，不尽一致。
An average Chinese can very easily pick up a single tiny grain of rice, or a tiny piece of peas, or a slippery button mushroom or sea cucumber.中国人一般都能随心所欲地用筷子夹起一粒米饭、一粒豌豆、一只滑溜溜的蘑菇和海参。Some people are able to pick up a piece of bean curd that crumbles easily.有些人还能夹起一整块易碎的豆腐。
For those Westerners who use only forks and knives for their meals, the mastery of the method and skills for using chopsticks may be quite challenging, and amusing, at the beginning.A lot of patience and concentrated practice is required.This is not only very neceary but also very entertaining if they wish to enjoy a real Chinese dinner.对于那些用餐时只会使用刀叉的西方人来说，掌握用筷的方法和技巧开始时难度也许很大，当然也很有趣，需要很大的耐心，需要用心练习。如果他们希望享用一顿真正意义上的中餐，那么花些时间耐心学习用筷技艺不仅很有必要，而且也是乐趣有加。
When using chopsticks, one should place both sticks between the thumb and forefinger.The point is to keep one stick still and move the other so as to make them work like pincers.There is no use using force.As a matter of fact, as long as one uses strength appropriately, he or she can pick up food effortlely.使用筷子时，要把一双筷子夹在大拇指和食指之间。要点是让其中的一双筷子保持不动，活动另一根筷子，以便能像钳子那样夹取食物。光靠蛮力是无济于事的，所用之力只要恰到好处，就可以轻松自如地夹起食物。
As far as Chinese table manners are concerned, it is considered impolite to hold chopsticks throughout meal.The Chinese traditional table manners require the diner to lay down the chopsticks on the table parallel to one's rice bowl or plate when one has sent the picked food into his or her mouth..It is also considered impolite to point with chopsticks during a conversation over the meal.就餐时自始至终握筷不放，会被视为一种不礼貌的举动，这与中国的用餐规矩不符。中国传统的用餐规矩要求就餐者将夹取到的食物送入口中，而后即把筷子平行地放在饭碗或餐盘的一边。餐间交谈时用筷子指指点点也是一种不礼貌的行为。
In China, it is quite rare for a knife to appear on the table.For many people, a knife is aociative with a menacing weapon that should not find itself on a friendly, warm dinner table.It is also a Chinese custom for all chopping and other “manual labor” to be performed behind the kitchen door.Thus, all food which appears on the table is bite-sized or smaller, with the exception of whole fish, chickens, or suckling pigs, of course, which are cooked in such a way that they can be served and eaten with chopsticks, and therefore there's no need for a knife to appear on the table.在中国，餐桌上放一把刀是极其少见的现象。在许多人看来，刀会使人联想到虎视眈眈、咄咄逼人的武器，因而不应在友好温暖的餐桌上占有一席之地。根据中国的传统习俗，所有切割操作以及其他“体力性劳作”都应该放在厨房内进行。这样，所有出现在餐桌上的食物皆可一口送入口中，当然整鱼、整鸡、整头乳猪除外。这些菜经过一番烹调，可以用筷子夹开取用，因而也无需借助刀子切割。What I have just introuduced may not be considered as something scientific and technological.But certainly, there is something that can be considered artistic, isn't there? 以上我所讲的虽然谈不上有多少科技含量，但也不能说没有艺术含量吧？
