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表语从句讲解及专项练习(2011-06-25 22:04:18)转载▼ 表语从句讲解及专项练习
概念：表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。
放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句” 可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。★ The trouble is that we are short of money.困难是我们资金短缺。★ That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.这就是为什么在新英格兰用石头墙而不用栅栏的原因。★ At that time, it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。引导表语从句的词：
从属连词that、whether、as though、as if（That引导表语从句时，在口语中，间或可以省略。）
关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等；
关系副词when, where, why, how, however, whenever, wherever等。
※ 由从属连词that，whether引导的表语从句。
that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。例如：
★ The trouble is(that)she has lost his money.麻烦的事是他丢了钱。★
The question is whether we need more ice cream.问题是我们是否还需要一些冰淇淋。
★
The problem was that it was too valuable for everyday use.问题是它作为日常之用太贵重了。
★
What she couldn’t understand was that fewer and fewer students showed interest in her leons.我们不能理解越来越少的学生对他的课不感兴趣。
※ 由关系代词引导的表语从句。
关系代词who, what, which, whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。例如：
★
The question is which of us should go.问题是我们哪一个应该去。
★
The problem was who could do the work.问题是谁能做这项工作。
★
That's what he is worrying about.那就是他在担心的事。
★
That's what we should do.那是我们应该做的。※由关系副词引导的表语从句。
关系副词 when, where, how, why 除在句子起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间，地点，方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。例如：
★Go and get your coat.It's where you left it.去把雨衣拿来。就在你原来放的地方。
★
I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.That’s why I got wet through.我们既没伞也没雨衣，这是我们淋湿的原因。
★
That is how mice ruin many stores of grain every year.那就是老鼠是怎样每年损害大量粮食的。
★
That is what he is worried about.那就是他所担心的。
※ 由连词because，as if/as though等引导的表语从句。
★
It looked as if it was going to snow.看起来好像要下雪了。★
That's because we never thought of it.这是因为我们从未想过此事。
★
It seems as if he didn’t know the answer.好像他不知道答案。注意
A.表语从句一定要用陈述语序。
False: The question is when can he arrive at the hotel.Right: The question is when he can arrive at the hotel.B.不可以用if，而用whether 连接表语从句(as if 例外）。引导宾语从句时可以互换if/whether 位于介词后要用whether 位于句首时要用whether。
引导表语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时要用whether。
False: The question is if the enemy is marching towards us.Right: The question is whether the enemy is marching towards us.Right: It looked as if he had understood this question.C.不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。
Right: The question is who will travel with me to Beijing tomorrow.Right: The question is why he cried yesterday.D.that在表语从句中不可以省掉。基本用法
表语从句只能置于主句之后，而主句的动词只能是联系动词。
名词性从句在be等系动词后作表语时被称为表语从句
例如： ★The problem is how we can get the things we need.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how 在表语从句中充当方式状语)★
The sciors are not what I need.这把剪刀不是我所需要的。(what 在表语从句中充当宾语)★
What I told him was that I would find him a good play.我告诉他的是我会给他找个好剧本。(what在主语从句中作直接宾语，that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略)★
That is what I want to tell you.那就是我想要对你讲的。(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)★
That is why she failed to pa the exam.那就是她考试不及格的原因。(why 在表语从句中充当原因状语)表语测试
1.The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week.A.that
B.if
C.when
D.whether 2．The reason why he failed is ________he was too carele.A.because
B.that
C.for
D.because of 3.Go and get your coat.It’ s ________you left it
A.where
B.there
C.there where
D.where there 4．The problem is _________to take the place of Ted A.who can we get
B.what we can get C.who we can get
D.that we can get 5.What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us.A.that
B.if
C.whether
D.不填 6.The reason is_________ I mied the bus.A.that
B.when
C.why
D.what 7.That is __ ___ we were late last time.A.that
B.when
C.why
D.what 8.She looked _________ she were ten years younger.A.that B.like
C.as
D.as though 9.—I fell sick!--I think it is _______ you are doing too much.A.why
B.when
C.what
D.because 10.The reason why he hasn’t come is ___________.A.because his mother is ill
B.because of his mother’s being ill C.that his mother is ill
D.for his mother is ill 11.—He was born here.--That is _______ he likes the place so much.A.that
B.what
C.why
D.how 12.That is ______ Lu Xun once lived.A.what
B.where
C.that
D.why 13．_______your father wants to know is________ getting on with your studies.A.What;how are you
B.That；how you are C.How；that you are
D.What；how you are 14.The trouble is__________ we are short of tools.A.what
B.that
C.how
D.why that
15.America was __________was first called “India” by Columbus.A.what
B.where
C.the place
D.there where 16.China is becoming stronger and stronger.It is no longer_________.A.what it used to be
B.what it was used to being C.what it used to being
D.what it was used to be 17.________he really means is ________he disagrees with us.A.What … that
B.That … what C.What … what
D.That … what 18.The energy is ________ makes the cells able to do their work.A.that B.which C.what D.such 19 —I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.—Is that_____ you had a few days off？
A.why
B.what
C.when
D.where 20.I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella ____I got wet through.A.It’s the reason B.That’s why C.There’s why
D.It’s how 21.See the flags on top of the building? That was ______ we did this morning.A.when
B.which
C.where
D.what 22.---Are you still thinking about yesterday’s game?
---Oh, that’s _____.A.what makes me feel excited
B.whatever I feel excited about C.how I feel about it
D.when I feel excited 23.What surprised me was not what he said but ______ he said it.A.the way
B.in the way that
C.in the way
D.the way which 答案
1~5: DBACC 6~10 :ACDDC 11~15:CBDBA 16~20: AACAB 21~23: DAA
