高考英语母题题源系列 专题12 阅读理解(议论文)(含解析)由刀豆文库小编整理，希望给你工作、学习、生活带来方便，猜你可能喜欢“高考英语作文母题”。
母题十二阅读理解
【母题来源一】【2016·浙江】 【母题原题】 【2016·浙江】A “Did you hear what happened to Adam Last Friday?”Lindsey whipers to Tori.With her eyes shining, tori brags，“You bet I did,Sean told me two days ago.” Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about?It just happened to be yours truly,Adam Freedmam,I can tell you that what that what they are saying is(a)not nice and(b)not even true.Still,Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here at Linton Higt School,including me.Many of our conversations are goip(闲话)。I have noticed three effects of goip:it can hurt people,it can give goipers a strange kind of satisfaction,and it can cause social preures in a group.An important negative effect of goip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.Usually,goip spreads information about a topic-breakups,trouble at home,even dropping out-that a person would rather keep secret.The more embarraing or shameful the secret is,the juicier the goip it makes.Probably the worst type of goip is the absolute lie.People ofen think of goipers as harmle,but cruel lies can cause pain.If we know that goip can be harmful,then why do so many of us do it?Tht answer lies in another effect of goip:the satisfaction it gives us.Sharing the latest rumor(传言)can make a person feel important because he or she knows something that others don’t.Similarly,hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.”In other words,goip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感).Goip also can have a third effect:it strengthens unwritten,unspoken rules about how people should act.Profeor David Wilson explains that goip is important in policing behaviors in a group.Translated into high school terms, this means that if
C.Don’t let goip turn into lies D.Think twice before you goip.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了传言的危害和人们为什么喜欢传闲话。41.【答案】A 考点：考查推理判断。42.【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析：根据文章第四段的An important negative effect of goip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.，可知主要危害是他会给被讨论的人带来不愉快的经历，故选D。
考点：考查细节理解。43.【答案】A 【解析】
试题分析：根据文章第五段的The answer lies in another effect of goip: the satisfaction it gives us,可知人们散播传言是因为它会带来满足感，故选A。考点：考查细节理解。44.【答案】B 【解析】
试题分析：根据文章第六段的Profeor David Wilson explains that goip is important in policing behaviours in a group.可知，他认为传言能帮助人们观察自身的行为，故选B。考点：考查细节理解。45.【答案】D 【解析】
试题分析：根据文章最后一段的The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news, think about why you want to goip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.可知，作者的建议是让人们在传言之前三思而后行。故选D。
考点：考查细节理解。【方法点拨】
这是一篇议论文，题目设置以细节理解题为主。学生可以带着题目回到原文，能够在短文中画出解题依据是正确解题的关键，各位考生要谨记，在做阅读理解时要做到“不见依据不做题”。理由充分，依据凿实，这是不仅“知其然”，而且“知其所以然”的超高境界，是阅读水平提高的最大见证。那么如何能快速准确回到原文找到依据呢? 1.关键词定位法。
这里说的关键词并不一定是中心词，而是在理解题干所问之后，在题干中能帮助你迅速回到原文的“特征词”。如43题的信息句是The answer lies in another effect of goip: the satisfaction it gives us,可知人们散播传言是因为它会带来满足感，和选项A里面的a feeling of pleasure对应。还有44题，题干中的Profeor David Wilson可以定位到第六段的Profeor David Wilson explains that goip is important in policing behaviours in a group.可知，他认为传言能帮助人们观察自身的行为，所以答案是B。
2.自然段定位法。
即命题者往往按照信息点在文中出现的先后来依次命制各个小题，也就是说，各题的答案信息常常在短文中依次出现，排在后面的小题，文中对应的信息点也在后面。例如，第1题往往位于一、二自然段，第2题会在第1题的答案信息之后且与第一题的位置最接近，第3题会在第2题的答案信息之后，往往在文中较为中间的地方，而第4题则位于文中较后的位置。最后一题(偶尔可能是第一题)一般是主旨题(包括给文章加标题、归纳写作目的)，这时，可能涉及全文内容。如41题，题目问文章的开头的作用，自然定位到第一段的内容，结合下文可以快速解答。
【命题意图】阅读理解从能力的角度来讲，考查学生运用英语的能力，具体地说，就是通过阅读有关文章提取有用信息的能力。
【考试方向】阅读理解所选的语段包括叙述文、说明文、应用文和议论文，继续保持了体裁的多样化特点。选材多源于英文报刊和网络媒体，包括广告应用文、日常生活、新闻报道、社会背景、政治经济、科普文章等各个方面的知识，并且具有鲜明的英语语言文化特点和浓厚的时代气息。综合地反映了政治、经济、文化和生活的各个方面，体现了“语言是文化的载体”这一重要理念；从题型的角度看，阅读题型主要有、细节理解型、主旨大意型、词义猜测型、推理判断型、篇章结构型、细节理解型。
513C 14A 15B 13C 推理判断题。根据第四段第二句If you think about it that way, mistakes should be cherished and celebrated for being one of the most amazing things in the world.They make learning poible;they make growth and improvement poible.说明我们要珍惜错误，因为错误是我们学习的好机会，我们要好好珍惜，故C正确。
14A 推理判断题。根据本段Mistakes make walking poible for the smallest toddler, make speech poible, and make works of genius poible.说明错误可以让最好的toddler,步行成为可能，什么样的人需要学习步行？只有 孩子，所以该词指学习走路的孩子，故A正确。
15B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段So if you value learning，if you value growing and improving，then you should value mistakes.如果我们珍惜这样的学习，珍惜成长和提高的机会，那么我们就应该珍惜错误，因为我们的成长和提高是建立在错误的基础之上的。故B正确。【名师点睛】
本文属于猜测词义题。在完成猜测词义题时，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义。因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境想当然。猜测词义时，要掌握以下三个做题要领和八种解题技巧：
做题要领
1）文中找线索或信息词;
2)根据熟悉的词及词义判断新单词之意；
3）根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。
8B.Chinese students are content with the shape of their noses.C.A western face looks prettier than a Chinese one.D.Skills at work speak louder than appearance.【答案】 28A 29C 30B 31D 29.C 段落大意题。根据本段第一句Hundreds of posters advertising the procedure are put up all over Chongqing city, where surgeon Xuming runs his private practice.可知成百上千的广告海报被张贴在重庆市里。第二句中描述的海拔的内容，说明本书主要介绍刊登手术的海报。故C正确。
30.B 细节理解题。根据第六段最后一句“They usually come in with their mothers, and tend to be from well-offbackgrounds.” he said.可知Mr Li的顾客通常都来自家背景比较富有的家庭。故B正确。
31.D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Personally, I don’t think it so important to “improve” our appearance as long as we are skilled at our jobs.We can’t decide how we look, but we can decide how well we live and work.可知作者认为外貌并不重要，重要的是我们在工作中的表现和我们的工作技能。故D项正确。考点：考查议论文阅读
